-
2015
年
12
月四级
真题第一套阅读理解及答案
Section C
Directions:
There
are
2
passages
in
this
section.
Each
passage
is
followed
by
some
questions
orunfinished
statements. For each of them there are four
choices marked A), B), C)and D). You
should
decide
on
the
best
choice
and
mark
the
corresponding
letter
on
Answer
Sheet
2
with
a
single line through the
centre.
Passage One
Questions 56 to 60 are based on the
following passage.
Could you reproduce
Silicon Valley elsewhere, or is there something
unique about it?
It
wouldn
’
t
be
surprising
ifit
were
hard
to
reproduce
in
other
countries,
because
you
couldn
’
treproduce
it in most of the US either. What does it take to
make a Silicon Valley?
It
’
s the right
people. If you could get the right ten thousand
people to move from Silicon Valleyto
Buffalo, Buffalo would become Silicon
Valley.
You only need two kinds of
people to create a technology
hub
(
中心
): rich people and
nerds
(
痴迷
科研的人
).
Observation bears this
out. Within the US, towns have become startup hubs
if and only if theyhave
both rich
people and nerds. Few startups happen in Miami,
for example, because although
it
’
sfull
of rich
people, it has few nerds.
It
’
s not the kind of place
nerds like.
Whereas
Pittsburgh
has
the
opposite
problem:
plenty
ofnerds,
but
no
rich
people.
The
top
USComputer Science
departments are said to be MIT, Stanford,
Berkeley, and Carnegie-Mellon.
MITyielded
Route
128.
Stanford
and
Berkeley
yielded
Silicon
Valley.
But
what
did
Carnegie-Mellonyield
in
Pittsburgh?
And
what
happened
in
Ithaca,
home
ofCornell
University,
which is also highon the list?
I
grew
up
in
Pittsburgh
and
went
to
college
at
Cornell,
so
I
can
answer
for
both.
The
weather
isterrible,
particularly in winter, and
there
’
s no interesting old
city to make up for it, as there is
inBoston.
Rich
people
don
’
t
want
to
live
in
Pittsburgh
or
Ithaca.
So
while
there
’
re
plenty
of
hackers<
/p>
(
电脑迷
) who could
start startups, there
’
s no
one to invest in them.
Do you really
need the rich people?
Wouldn
’
t it work to have the
government invest in thenerds?
No, it
would not. Startup investors are a distinct type
ofrich people. They tend to have a lotof
experience themselves in the technology
business. This helps them pick the right startups,
andmeans they can supply advice and
connections as well as money. And the fact that
they have
apersonal stake in the
outcome makes them really pay attention.
56. What do we learn about
Silicon Valley from the passage?
A) Its success is hard to copy anywhere
else.
B) It is the
biggest technology hub in the US.
C) Its fame in high technology is
incomparable.
D) It leads the
world in information technology.
57.
What makes Miami unfit to produce a Silicon
Valley?
A) Lack
ofincentive for investment.
B) Lack of the right kind
of talents.
C)
Lack of government support.
D) Lack of famous
universities.
58. In what way is
Carnegie-Mellon different from Stanford, Berkeley
and MIT?
A) Its location
is not as attractive to rich people.
B) Its science departments are not
nearly as good.
C)
It does not produce computer hackers and nerds.