2019年12月四级真题第一套

比南极洲、阿拉斯加和北极略冷。根据美国国家气象局

(Nationa l Weather Service)

的数据，

明尼苏达州帕 克拉皮兹的风寒为零下

64

度，北达科他州布法罗的风寒为零下

45

度。学

校、餐馆和企业关闭，

1000

多个航班被取消。

[B] Even the United States Postal Service (USPS) suspended mail delivery.

“Due to this

arct

ic outbreak and concerns for the safety of USPS employees,” USPS announced

Wednesday morning, “the Postal Service is suspending delivery Jan. 30 in some 3

-digit ZIP

Code locations.” Twelve regions were listed as unsafe on Wednesday, on Thursday, eight

remained.

即使是美国邮政服务公司

(USPS)

也暂停了邮件递送。“ 由于这次北极疫情的爆发和对

USPS

员工安全的担忧，”US PS

周三上午宣布，“邮政服务将于

1

月

30

日暂停在一些

3

位数

的邮政编码地点的投递。”周三，

12

8

个地区被 列

为不安全地区。

[C] As global surface temperatures increase, so does the likelihood of extreme weather.

In 2018 alone, wildfires, volcanic eruptions, hurricanes, mudslides, and other natural

disasters cost at least $$49 billion in

the United States. As my colleague Vann Newkirk

reported, Puerto Rico is still confronting economic and structural destruction and resource

scarcity from 2017’s Hurricane Maria. Natural disasters can wreck a community ’s

infrastructure, disrupting systems for months or years. Some services, however, remind us

that life will eventually return, in some form, to normal.

[C]

随着全球表面温度的升高，极端天气的可能性也在增加。仅在

2018

年，美国的野

火、火山喷发、飓风、泥 石流和其他自然灾害就造成了至少

490

亿美元的损失。正如我 的

同事范·纽柯克

(Vann Newkirk)

报道的那样，波多黎各仍在面临

2017

年飓风玛丽 亚

(Maria)

造

成的经济和结构破 坏以及资源稀缺。自然灾害可以破坏社区的基础设施，扰乱系统数月或

数年。然而，一些 服务提醒我们，生活最终会以某种形式回归正常。

[D] Days after the deadly 2017 wildfires in Santa Rosa, California , a drone caught

footage of a USPS worker, Trevor Smith , driving through

burned homes in that familiar

white van, collecting mail in an affected video is striking : The operation is familiar,

but the scene looks like the end of the world. According to Rae Ann Haight, the program

manager for the national-preparedness office at USPS, Smith was fulfilling a request made

by some of the home owners to pick up any mail that was left untouched. For Smith, this

was just another day on the job. “I followed my route like I normally do,” Smith told a

reporter. “

As I came across a box that was up but with no house, I checked, and there

was

mail

—

outgoing mail

—

in it. And so

we picked those up and carried on”.

[D]2017

年加州圣罗 莎发生致命野火几天后，一架无人机捕捉到了美国邮政总局工作

人员特雷弗·史密斯

(Trevor Smith)

驾驶那辆熟悉的白色面包车穿过烧毁 的房屋，在受影响地

区收集邮件的画面。这段视频令人震惊：操作很熟悉，但场景看起来 像是世界末日。据美

国邮政总局国家准备办公室的项目经理雷·安·海特

(Rae Ann Haight)

说，史密斯正在履行一

些房主提出的要求，要求取走任何原封不动的邮件。对史密斯来说，这只是工作中的又一

天。“我像往常一样沿着我的路线走，”史密斯告诉一名记者。“当我遇到的时候。我检查了

一个竖起但没有房子的箱子，里面有邮件

--

外发邮件 。所以我们把它们捡起来，继续下

去。

[E] USPS has sophisticated emergency plans for natural disasters. Across the country,

285 emergency- management teams are devoted to crisis teams are trained

annually using a framework known as the three Ps : people, property, product. After mail

service stops due to weather,

the agency’s top priority is ensuring that employees are

it evaluates the health of infrastructure , such as the roads that mail carriers drive

on. Finally , it decides when and how to re-open operations. If the destruction is extreme,

mail addressed to the

area will get sent elsewhere. In response to Hurricane Katrina in

2005, USPS redirected incoming New Orleans mail to existing mail facilities in Houston. Mail

that was already processed in New Orleans facilities was moved to

an upper floor so it

would be protected from water damage. < /p>

美国邮政总局有完善的自然灾害应急计划。在全国范围内，

285

个应急管理团队致力

于危机控制，这些团队每年都会接受被称为 “三个

P”的框架的培训：人员、财产、产品。在

邮件服务因天 气原因停止后，该机构的首要任务是确保员工的安全，然后评估基础设施的

健康状况，如 邮递员行驶的道路。最后，它决定何时以及如何重新开放运营。如果破坏非

常严重，寄往 该地区的邮件将被寄往其他地方。为了应对

2005

年的卡特里 娜飓风，美国

邮政总局将收到的新奥尔良邮件重新定向到休斯顿现有的邮件设施。已经在 新奥尔良设施

中处理的邮件被移到了上层，这样它就可以受到保护，不会受到水的损害。

[F] As soon as it’s safe enough to be outside, couriers([[ B m%q ) start distributing

accumulated mail on the still-accessible routes. USPS urges those without standing

addresses to file change-of- address

forms

with their new location. After Hurricane

Katrina hit in 2005, mail facilities were set up in dozens of locations across the country in the

two weeks that USPS was unable to provide street delivery.

[F]

一旦外面足够安全，快递员

([Bm%q])

就开始在仍然可以到达的路线上分发积累的邮

件。

USPS

敦促那些没有常住地址的人在他 们的新地址上提交地址更改表。

2005

年卡特里

娜飓风来袭后，在

USPS

无法提供街头递送的两周 内，全国数十个地点建立了邮件设施。

[G] Every day, USPS processes, on average, 493.4 million pieces of

mail

—

anything

from

postcards to Social Security checks to medicine. Spokespeople from both USPS and

UPS told me all mail is important.

But some mail can be extremely sensitive and timely.

According to data released in January 2017, 56 percent of bills are paid online, which means

that just under half of payments still rely on delivery services to be completed. < /p>

[G]

美国邮政总局平均每天处理

4.9 34

亿封邮件

--

从明信片到社会保障 支票再到药品，

应有尽有。

USPS

和

UPS

的发言人都告诉我，所有的邮件都很重要。但有些邮件可 能非常

敏感和及时。根据

2017

年< /p>

1

月发布的数据，

56%

的账单是在网上支付的，这意味着略低于

一半的支付仍然依赖送货服务来完成。

[H] It can be hard to identify which parcels are carrying crucial items such as Social

Security checks, but USPS and UPS try their best to prioritize sensitive material. They will

coordinate with the Social Security Administration to make sure that Social Security checks

reach the right people in a timely fashion. After Hurricane Florence and Hurricane Michael

last fall, USPS worked with state and local election boards to make sure that absentee

ballots were available and received or time.

[H]