-
2016
年
6
月四级真题（第一套）
Part I Writing
Directions:
For this part,
you are allowed 30 minutes to
write a
letter to express your thanks to
one of
your school teachers upon entering
college
. You should write at least 120
words but no
more than 180
words.
Part II
Listening Comprehension
Section A
Directions:
In this section,
you will hear three news reports. At the end of
each news
report, you will hear two or
three questions. Both the news report and the
questions will
be spoken only once.
After you hear a question, you must choose the
best answer from
the four choices
marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the
corresponding letter on
Answer Sheet 1
with a single line through the centre.
Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news
report you have just heard.
1.
A) The International
Labour Organization's key objective.
B)
The basic social protection for the most
vulnerable.
C) Rising unemployment
worldwide.
D) Global economic recovery.
2.
A) Many countries have
not taken measures to create enough jobs.
B) Few countries know how to address
the current economic crisis.
C) Few
countries have realised the seriousness of the
current crisis.
D) Many countries need
support to improve their people's livelihood.
Questions 3 and 4 are based
on the news report you have just heard.
3.
A) Serve standardised
food nationwide.
B) Put calorie
information on the menu.
C) Increase
protein content in the food.
D) Offer
convenient food to customers.
4.
A) They will be fined.
B)
They will be closed.
C) They will get a
warning.
D) They will lose customers.
Questions 5 to 7 are based
on the news report you have just heard.
5.
A) Inability to
implement their business plans.
B)
Inability to keep turning out novel products.
C) Lack of a successful business model
of their own.
D) Failure to integrate
innovation into their business.
6.
A) It is the secret to business
success.
B) It is the creation of
something new.
C) It is a magic tool to
bring big rewards.
D) It is an
essential part of business culture.
7.
A) Its hardworking employees.
B) Its flexible promotion strategy.
C) Its innovation culture.
D) Its willingness to make investments.
Section B
Directions:
In this section,
you will hear two long conversations. At the end
of each
conversation, you will hear
four questions. Both the conversation and the
questions will
be spoken only once.
After you hear a question, you must choose the
best answer from
the four choices
marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the
corresponding letter on
Answer Sheet 1
with a single line through the centre.
Questions 8 to 11 are based on the
conversation you have just heard.
8.
A) He's got addicted to
technology.
B) He is not very good at
socializing.
C) He is crazy about text-
messaging.
D) He does not talk long on
the phone.
9.
A) Talk big.
B) Talk at length.
C) Gossip
a lot.
D) Forget herself.
10.
A) He thought it was
cool.
B) He needed the practice.
C) He wanted to stay connected with
them.
D) He had an urgent message to
send.
11.
A) It poses a
challenge to seniors.
B) It saves both
time and money.
C) It is childish and
unprofessional.
D) It is cool and
convenient.
Questions 12 to
15 are based on the conversation you have just
heard.
12.
A) He
wants to change his job assignment.
B)
He is unhappy with his department manager.
C) He thinks he deserves extra pay for
overtime.
D) He is often singled out
for criticism by his boss.
13.
A) His workload was much too heavy.
B) His immediate boss did not trust
him.
C) His colleagues often refused to
cooperate.
D) His salary was too low
for his responsibility.
14.
A) He never knows how to refuse.
B) He is always ready to help others.
C) His boss has a lot of trust in him.
D) His boss has no sense of fairness.
15.
A) Put all his
complaints in writing.
B) Wait and see
what happens next.
C) Learn to say no
when necessary.
D) Talk to his boss in
person first.
Section
C
Directions:
In
this section, you will hear three passages. At the
end of each passage,
you will hear
three or four questions. Both the passage and the
questions will be spoken
only once.
After you hear a question, you must choose the
best answer from the four
choices
marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the
corresponding letter on Answer Sheet
1
with a single line through the centre.
Questions 16 to 18 are based on the
passage you have just heard.
16.
A) The importance of
sleep to a healthy life.
B) Reasons for
Americans' decline in sleep.
C) Some
tips to improve the quality of sleep.
D) Diseases associated with lack of
sleep.
17.
A) They are more
health-conscious.
B) They are changing
their living habits.
C) They get less
and less sleep.
D) They know the
dangers of lack of sleep.
18.
A) Their weight will go down.
B) Their mind function will
deteriorate.
C) Their work efficiency
will decrease.
D) Their blood pressure
will rise.
Questions 19 to
21 are based on the passage you have just
heard.
19.
A)
How much you can afford to pay.
B) What
course you are going to choose.
C)
Which university you are going to apply to.
D) When you are going to submit your
application.
20.
A) The
list of courses studied.
B) The full
record of scores.
C) The references
from teachers.
D) The personal
statement.
21.
A) Specify
what they would like to do after graduation.
B) Describe in detail how much they
would enjoy studying.
C) Indicate they
have reflected and thought about the subject.
D) Emphasize that they admire the
professors in the university.
Questions 22 to 25 are based on the
passage you have just heard.
22.
A) It was equipped with
rubber tyres.
B) It was built in the
late 19th century.
C) It was purchased
by the Royal family.
D) It was designed
by an English engineer.
23.
A) They consumed lots of petrol.
B) They took two passengers only.
C) They were difficult to drive.
D) They often broke down.
24.
A) They were produced
on the assembly line.
B) They were
built with less costly materials.
C)
They were modeled after British cars.
D) They were made for ordinary use.
25.
A) It made news all
over the world.
B) It was built for the
Royal family.
C) It marked a new era in
motor travel.
D) It attracted large
numbers of motorists.
Part
III Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions:
In this section,
there is a passage with ten blanks. You are
required to
select one word for each
blank from a list of choices given in a word bank
following
the passage. Read the passage
through carefully before making your choices. Each
choice in the bank is identified by a
letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for
each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a
single line through the centre. You may not use
any of the words in the bank more than
once.
Physical activity does the body
good, and there's growing evidence that it helps
the brain too. Researchers in the
Netherlands report that children who get more
exercise, whether at school or on their
own,
26
to have higher
GPAs and better
scores on standardized
tests. In a
27
of 14
studies that looked at physical activity
and academic
28
, investigators found that the more
children moved, the better their
grades
were in school,
29
in
the basic subjects of math, English and reading.
The data will certainly fuel the
ongoing debate over whether physical education
classes should be cut as schools
struggle to
30
on
smaller budgets. The arguments
against
physical education have included concerns that gym
time may be taking away
from study
time. With standardized test scores in the U.S.
31
in recent years, some
administrators believe students need to
spend more time in the classroom instead of
on the playground. But as these
findings show, exercise and academics may not
be
32
exclusive. Physical activity can
improve blood
33
to the
brain, fueling
memory, attention and
creativity, which are
34
to learning. And exercise releases
hormones that can improve
35
and relieve stress, which can also
help learning. So
while it may seem as
if kids are just exercising their bodies when
they're running
around, they may
actually be exercising their brains as well.
A)
attendance
B)
consequently
C)
current
D)
depressing
E)
dropping
F)
essential
G)
feasible
H)
flow
I)
mood
J)
mutually
K)
particularly
L)
performance
M)
review
N)
survive
O)
tend
Section B
Directions:
In this section,
you are going to read a passage with ten
statements
attached to it. Each
statement contains information given in one of the
paragraphs.
Identify the paragraph from
which the information is derived. You may choose a
paragraph more than once. Each
paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the
questions by marking the corresponding
letter on Answer Sheet 2.
Finding the
Right Home
–
and
Contentment, Too
A) When
your elderly relative needs to enter some sort of
long-term care facility
–
a
moment few parents or children approach
without fear
–
what you
would like is to
have everything made
clear.
B) Does assisted living really
mark a great improvement over a nursing home, or
has
the industry simply hired better
interior designers? Are nursing homes as bad as
people fear, or is that an out-moded
stereotype (
固定看法
)? Can doing
one's
homework really steer families to
the best places? It is genuinely hard to know.
C) I am about to make things more
complicated by suggesting that what kind of
facility an older person lives in may
matter less than we have assumed. And that the
characteristics adult children look for
when they begin the search are not necessarily
the things that make a difference to
the people who are going to move in. I am not
talking about the quality of care, let
me hastily add. Nobody flourishes in a gloomy
environment with irresponsible staff
and a poor safety record. But an accumulating
body of research indicates that some
distinctions between one type of elder care and
another have little real bearing on how
well residents do.
D) The most recent
of these studies, published in The Journal of
Applied Gerontology,
surveyed 150
Connecticut residents of assisted living, nursing
homes and smaller
residential care
homes (known in some states as board and care
homes or adult care
homes). Researchers
from the University of Connecticut Health Center
asked the
residents a large number of
questions about their quality of life, emotional
well-being
and social interaction, as
well as about the quality of the facilities.
E) “We thought we would see differences
based on the housing types,” said the lead
author of the study, Julie Robison, an
associate professor of medicine at the university.
A reasonable assumption
–
don’t families
struggle to avoid nursing homes and suffer
real guilt if they can't?
F)
In the initial results, assisted living residents
did paint the most positive picture.
They were less likely to report
symptoms of depression than those in the other
facilities, for instance, and less
likely to be bored or lonely. They scored higher
on
social interaction.
G)
But when the researchers plugged in a number of
other variables, such differences
disappeared. It is not the housing
type, they found, that creates differences in
residents' responses. “It is the
characteristics of the specific environment they
are in,
combined with their own
personal characteristics
–
how healthy they feel they are,
their
age and marital status,” Dr. Robison
explained. Whether residents felt involved
in the decision to move and how long
they had lived there also proved significant.
H) An elderly person who describes
herself as in poor health, therefore, might be no
less depressed in assisted living (even
if her children preferred it) than in a nursing
home. A person who had input into where
he would move and has had time to adapt
to it might do as well in a nursing
home as in a small residential care home, other
factors being equal. It is an
interaction between the person and the place, not
the sort
of place in itself, that leads
to better or worse experiences. “You can't just
say, ‘Let's
put this person in a
residential care home instead of a nursing home
–
she will be
much
better off,’” Dr.
Robison said. What matters, she added, “is a
combination of
what people bring in
with them, and what they find there.”
I) Such findings, which run counter to
common sense, have surfaced before. In a
multi-state study of assisted living,
for instance, University of North Carolina
researchers found that a host of
variables
–
the facility's
type, size or age; whether a
chain
owned it; how attractive the neighborhood was
–
had no significant
relationship
to how the residents fared
in terms of illness, mental decline,
hospitalizations or
mortality. What
mattered most was the residents' physical health
and mental status.
What people were
like when they came in had greater consequence
than what
happened once they were
there.
J) As I was considering all
this, a press release from a respected research
firm crossed
my desk, announcing that
the five-star rating system that Medicare
developed in 2008
to help families
compare nursing home quality also has little
relationship to how
satisfied its
residents or their family members are. As a matter
of fact, consumers
expressed higher
satisfaction with the one-star facilities, the
lowest rated, than with
the five-star
ones. (More on this study and the star ratings
will appear in a subsequent
post.)
K) Before we collectively tear our hair
out
–
how are we supposed to
find our way in
a landscape this
confusing?
–
here is a
thought from Dr. Philip Sloane, a geriatrician
(
老年病学专家
) at the
University of North Carolina: “In a way, that
could be
liberating for
familie
s.”
L) Of
course, sons and daughters want to visit the
facilities, talk to the administrators
and residents and other families, and
do everything possible to fulfill their duties.
But
perhaps they don't have to turn
themselves into private investigators or
Congressional
subcommittees. “Families
can look a bit more for where the residents are
going to be
happy,” Dr. Sloane said.
And involving the future resident in the process
can be very
important.
M) We
all have our own ideas about what would bring our
parents happiness. They
have their
ideas, too. A friend recently took her mother to
visit an expensive assisted
living/nursing home near my town. I
have seen this place
–
it is
elegant, inside and out.
But nobody
greeted the daughter and mother when they arrived,
though the visit had
been planned;
nobody introduced them to the other residents.
When they had lunch in
the dining room,
they sat alone at a table.
N) The
daughter feared her mother would be ignored there,
and so she decided to
move her into a
more welcoming facility. Based on what is emerging
from some of
this research, that might
have been as rational a way as any to reach a
decision.
36. Many people
feel guilty when they cannot find a place other
than a nursing home
for their parents.
37. Though it helps for children to
investigate care facilities, involving their
parents in
the decision-making process
may prove very important.
38. It is
really difficult to tell if assisted living is
better than a nursing home.
39. How a
resident feels depends on an interaction between
themselves and the care
facility they
live in.
40. The author thinks her
friend made a rational decision in choosing a more
hospitable place over an apparently
elegant assisted living home.
41. The
system Medicare developed to rate nursing home
quality is of little help to
finding a
satisfactory place.
42. At first the
researchers of the most recent study found
residents in assisted living
facilities
gave higher scores on social interaction.
43. What kind of care facility old
people live in may be less important than we
think.
44. The findings of the latest
research were similar to an earlier multi-state
study of
assisted living.
45. A resident's satisfaction with a
care facility has much to do with whether they had
participated in the decision to move in
and how long they had stayed there.
Section C
Directions:
There are 2
passages in this section. Each passage is followed
by some
questions or unfinished
statements. For each of them there are four
choices marked A),
B), C) and D). You
should decide on the best choice and mark the
corresponding
letter on Answer Sheet 2
with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 46 to 50 are based on the
following passage.
As
Artificial Intelligence (AI) becomes increasingly
sophisticated, there are
growing
concerns that robots could become a threat. This
danger can be avoided,
according to
computer science professor Stuart Russell, if we
figure out how to turn
human values
into a programmable code.
Russell
argues that as robots take on more complicated
tasks, it's necessary to
translate our
morals into AI language.
For example,
if a robot does chores around the house, you
wouldn't want it to put
the pet cat in
the oven to make dinner for the hungry children.
“You would want that
robot
preloaded with a good set of values,”
said Russell.
Some robots
are already programmed with basic human values.
For example,
mobile robots have been
programmed to keep a comfortable distance from
humans.