-
2012
年
12
月大学英语四级考试真题第一套
Part
I Writing
【标准版点评】
这次四级作文出了图表题，
可能让大家有些意外，
但是四六级
考察图表作文已经并不是第一
次，早在
2002
年的时候就已经出现过，是图表
+
提纲的形式，图表反
应的是大学生使用计
算机的情况。
由于备考时大家只是关注近几
年的题型，
可能没有关注到以往考察过图表作文。
我们在备考作文的时候，一般会从以下几个方面着手准备，如何描述现象、如何分析原因、
如何分析影响、
如何给出解决措施、
如何进行观
点论战等。其实，
图表作文也是从这几个方
面展开，只是将第一
段的描述现象改为描述图表即可。可见，
无论是考察哪种作文题，
我们
都可以将它转化为我们熟悉的提纲式。
这次作文题目有两个版本。题目都是
Educational
Pays
（教育回报）
，一个版本的图表显示的
是教育水平越高，收入越高，另一个版本的图表显示的是教育水平越高，失业率越低。
< br>
虽然图表描述的具体内容不同，
但主题是一致的：
教育是值得投资的。
写作思路也是一致的。
两篇范文都是采取三段式的描述方法。
第一段：
描述图表。
先一句话引出图表总体内容
The above bar chart clearly shows us
…
然后
具体描述现象
We see
that…
。最后用
for
instance
引出一些具体数据来例证现象。
第二段：分析原因。
先写一个引出原因的句子，然后具体列举一到两个原因
即可。
由于字数
限制，原因不必列太多。
第三段：给出建议。先是总结这个现象
This
phenomenon
tells
us
that
education
is
a
worthy
investment.
（教育值得投资）
。然后
是建议国家增大教育投资，以及个人要努力学习。
这种三段式
的写作模式容易掌握，在考场中比较实用，建议大家仿写。
【高分版点评】
本次四级作文围绕着同一个话题，
education
pay
（教育回报）
，出现了两个版本，一个
是教
育和失业率的关系，
另一个是教育和收入的关系。
就话题而言，命题难度并不高，
选用的是
贴近考
生实际生活的熟悉话题。
形式上则采取图表作文的形式，
图表作
文在四级考试中较少
出现，
很多考生可能刚拿到题目会束手无策
，
但是只要考生仔细阅读题目，
就不难发现，除
了需要简单描述图表之外，其写作思路和话题作文非常类似。
写好这篇作文，主要抓住三点：
首先
，
描述图表内容。对于柱状图，
抓住横抽和纵轴之间的关系，<
/p>
对数字的变化趋势进行总
体描述即可。用词不宜超过总字数的
1/3
。
其次，要一句话揭示图表背后的隐含意思，引入文章的立意。
最后，
文章的立意可以采取两种思路，
保守的写法是直接阐释产生现象的原因，
如写失业率
那篇范文；
另一个则是，根据图表上的结果，借题发挥，发表自己的观点，如写收入的那篇
范文。<
/p>
Part II Reading
Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)
1. B. showmanship
细节题。这道题的答案对应原文第一句话，从
putting
on a show
可以推出
showmanship
。
when it came to
putting on a show, nobody else in the computer
industry, or any other industry for
that matter, could match Steve Jobs.
题干与原文的匹配度比较高，仔细阅读不难得出选择是
B
2. A .He invented lots of functional
gadgets.
细节题。
原文第
2
段第
2
句话提到了乔布斯突出的三个方
面，
第三句话明确指出最后一个方
面，也就是他在
functional
gadgets
上的贡献对人们的生活影响最大，对比第二题的选项，
应选
A
He stood out
in three ways
—
as a
technologist, as a corporate leader and as
somebody who was
able to make people
love what had previously been impersonal,
functional gadgets. Strangely, it is
this last quality that may have the
deepest effect on the way people live.
3. B. His keen interest in designing
elegant and user-friendly gadgets.
细节题。答案在第三段第二句，
“obsessed with
product design and aesthetics, and with making
advanced technology simple to use”
。讲到乔布斯痴迷于产品的设计和美学上，以及使高科技
简单易用。所以选
B
As a technologist, Mr Jobs
was different because he was not an
engineer
—
and that was his
great
strength. Instead he was obsessed
with product design and aesthetics, and with
making advanced
technology simple to
use.
4. A .One of the greatest chief
executives of his time.
细节题。答案在第
4
段第一句话的后半句
“many of those
corporate giants as one of the greatest
chief executives of his time.”
所以选
A
，其他的选项均不正确。
Within the wider business world, a man
who liked to see himself as a hippy, permanently
in revolt
against
big
companies,
ended
up
being
hailed
by
many
of
those
corporate
giants
as
one
of
the
greatest
chief executives of his time.
5. D. an
inspiration
细节题。答案在第四段第三句话。
“is an
inspiration to any
businessperson”
。所以选
D
His
fall
from
grace
in
the
1980s,
followed
by
his
return
to
Apple
in
1996
after
a
period
in
the
wilderness, is an inspiration to any
businessperson whose career has taken a turn for
the worse.?
6. C. He
commanded absolute loyalty from Apple users.
细节题。由关键词
fanatical
loyalty
定位到低段第一句话。所以乔布斯成功最令人
震惊的地
方在于它获得了苹果用户的绝对忠诚。选
C
But what was perhaps most astonishing
about Mr Jobs was the fanatical loyalty he managed
to
inspire in customers.
7.
D. It originates in the consumer market.
细节题。由关键词
special report
定位到第
6
段第一句，
As
our
special
report
in
this
week's
issue
(printed
before
Mr
Jobs's
death)
explains,
innovation
used to spill over from military and
corporate laboratories to the consumer market, but
lately this
process has gone into
reverse. Many people's homes now have more
powerful, and more flexible,
devices
than their offices do; consumer gizmos and online
services are smarter and easier to use
than most companies' systems.
过去创新是从部队和公司实验室再拓展到消费者市场，现在的
情况是反过来。所以选<
/p>
D
8. closed and inflexible
细节题。由关键词
“critics
complained”
定位到第七段第一句，可知空格处应填写
“closed and
inflexible”
。
Mr
Jobs
had
a
reputation
as
a
control
freak,
and
his
critics
complained
that
the
products
and
systems he designed were
closed and inflexible, in the name of greater ease
of use.
9. combined
细节题，由关键词
“Amazon”
定位到原文第
8
段
，所以空格处填
combined
。
At the
recent unveiling of a tablet computer by Jeff
Bezos of Amazon, whose company is doing
the best job of following Apple's lead
in combining hardware, software, content and
services in an
easy-to-use bundle,
10. reshaping entire industries
细节题，由关键词
the magic of
computing
定位到原文最后一段，
空格处填
reshaping entire
industries.
But
in
the
end
he
conjured
up
a
reality
of
his
own,
channelling
the
magic
of
computing
into
products that reshaped entire
industries.
Part III Listening
Comprehension
11-18:BADAADBB.
19-21:CAD.
21-25:CDCA.
26-29:BCDA.
30-32: CDD.
33-35: BCB.
36. selection
37. knowledge
38. vegetables
39. purchase
40. determines
41. single
42. responsible
43. rush
44.
Partly as a consequence of this limited time, over
half of all American
homes now have
microwave ovens.
45.
The
United
States
Department
of
Agriculture
and
the
food
industry
collect sales statistics and keep
accurate records.
46. Red
meat, which used to be the most popular choice for
dinner, is no
longer an American
favorite.
Part IV Reading Comprehension
(Reading in Depth)
Section A
47. N taking
48.
D concern
49. M stop
50. B available
51. I prefer
52. L specify
53. O variety
54. G nationwide
55. F items
56. E criteria
这
是一篇新闻报道类的文章，
关于美国一些著名餐公司开始意识到快餐对对其青少年健康的
不良影响，并开始采取相应措施改变这一现状。这是美国最近的热门话题，
沪江经济学人