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Part
Ⅲ
Reading Comprehension ( 40 minutes)
Section A
Directions:
In
this
section,
there
is
a
passage
with
ten
are
required
to
select one word for
each blank from a list of choices given
in a word bank following the the
passage
through
carefully
before
making
your
choice
in
the
bank
is
identified by a mark the corresponding
letter for each item on Answer
Sheet2
with a single line through the may not use any of
the words in the
bank more than once.
Questions 36 to 45 are based on the
following passage.
The ment
of Education is making efforts to ensure that all
students have
equal
access
to
a
quality
it
is
36
the
launch
of
the
Excellent
Educators
for
All
initiative
will
help
states
and
school
districts
support
gre
at
educators for the students who need them most.
family
is
38
important
that
we
provide
teachers
and
principals
the
support
they
need
to
help
students
reach
their
full
39
,
ary
of
Education
Arne
Duncan
said.
Despite
the
excellent
work
and
deep
40
of
our
nation's teachers and
principals, students in high-poverty, high-
minority schools are
unfairly treated
across our have to do leaders and educators
will 41
their
own creative solutions, but we must work together
to
42
our focus
on how to better
recruit, support and
43
effective teachers and
principals for all
students, especially
the kids who need them most.
Today's
announcement
is
another
important
step
forward
in
improving access
to a
quality education, a
44 of President Obama's year of today,
Secretary
Duncan
will
lead
a
roundtable
discussion
with
principals
and
school
teachers
from
across
the
country
about
the
45
of
working
in
high-need
schools
and
how
to
adopt promising practices for
supporting
gre
at educators
in these schools.
cing
cial
nges
ment
ent
ts
ally
p
buting
e
ed
ial
ly
ied
Section B
Directions:
In
this
section,
you
are
going
to
read
a
passage
with
ten
statements
attached
to
atement
contains
information
given
in
one
of
the
fy
the
paragraph
from
which
the
information
is
may
choose a paragraph more
than paragraph is marked with a
the
questions by marking thecorresponding letter on
Answer Sheet 2.
The Changes Facing Fast
Food
-food firms have to be a thick-
skinned experts regularly criticise
them
severelyfor
selling
food
that
makes
people
s
even
complain
that
McDonald's, whose
logosymbolises calorie excess, should not have
been allowed to
sponsor the World
arethings fast-food firms have learnt to cope
not perhaps for much burgerbusiness
faces more pressure from regulators
at
a
time
when
it
is
already
adapting
strategies
inresponse
to
shifts
in
the
global
economy.
B)Fast
food
was
once
thought
to
be
consumers
need
to
cut
spending, the logicgoes, cheap meals
like Big Macs and Whoppers
bec
ome even more
down
true
for
much
of
the
latest
recession,
when
fast-food companies picked up customers
who could no longer afford to eat at casual
c was boosted in America, the home of
fast food, with discounts and
promotions, such as $$1 menus and cheap
combination meals.
C)As a result, fast-
food chains have weathered the recession better
than their more
expensive
2009
sales
at
full-service
restaurants
in
America
fell
by
more than 6% , but total
sales remained about the same at fast-food some
markets,
such
as
Japan,
France
and
Britain,
total
spending
on
fast
food
-store
sales
in
America
at
McDonald's,
the
world's
largest
fast-food
company,
did
not
decline
throughout
the
Bread,
an
American
fast-food chain
known for its fresh
in
gre
dients, performed well,
too, because it offers
higher-quality
food at lower prices than restaurants.
D)But not all fast-food companies have
been as , such as Burger King,
have
seen sales a severe recession, while some people
trade down to fast food,
many others
eat at home more frequently to save Palmer, an
analyst at
UBS, a bank, says smaller
fast- food chains in America, such as Jack in the
Box and
Carl's Jr., have been hit
particularly hard in this downturn
bec
ause they are competing
with the global giant McDonald's, which
increased spending on advertising by more
than 7% last year as others cut back.
fast-food
companies
also
sacrificed
their
own
profits
by
trying
to
give
customers
better
the
recession
companies
set
prices
low,
hoping
that
once
they
had
tempted
customers
through
the
door
they
would
be
persuaded
to
order more expensive in many cases
that strategy did not year
Burger
King
franchisees
(
特
许
经
营<
/p>
人
)sued
(
起
诉
)the
company
over
its
double-
cheeseburger
promotion,
claiming
it
was
unfair
for
them
to
be
repuired
to
sell
these
for
$$1
when
they
cost$$1.10
to
May
a
judge
ruled
in
favour
of
Burger
heless, the company may still be cursing its
decision to promote
cheap
choices
over
more
expensive
ones
because
items
on
its
menu
now
account for around 20% of all sales,
upfrom 12% last October.
ts expect the
fast-food industry to grow modestly this the
downturn
is makingcompanies rethink
their are now introducing higher-priced
items
to
entice
(
引诱
)consumers
away
from
$$1
,
a
division
of
Yum!
Brands,
which
also
owns
Taco
Belland
Pizza
Hut,
has
launched
a
chicken
sandwich
that costs around $$ in May Burger
Kingintroduced bar
bec
ue
(
烧烤
)pork ribs at
$$7 for eight.
ies are also
trying to get customers to buy new and more items,
including
ld's
started
selling
better
coffee
as
a
challenge
to
McCafe
rights to
its Seattle's Bestcoffee brand to Burger King,
which will start selling it later
this
year.
fast-food companies shift from
customer
traffichigh
throughout
the
see
breakfast
as
a
big
opporttmity,
and not just
for fatty ld's will start selling porridge
(
粥
)in America next
ast has the potential to bevery
profitable, says Sara Senatore of Bernstein,
a
research
firm,
because
the
margins
can
be
-food
companies
are
also
adding
midday
and
late-
night
snacks,
such
as
blended
drinks
idea
is
that
by
having
a
gre
ater
range
of
things
on
the
menu,
can
sell
to
consumersproducts they
want all day,
of Yum ! Brands.
what
about
those
growing
waistlines?
So
far,
fast-food
firms
have
cleverly
avoided
providing
healthy
options,
like
salads
and
low-
calorie sandwiches, they have at leastgiven the
impression of doing something
about
helping
to
fight
obesity
(
肥
胖
症
).These
offeringsare
not
necessarily
loss-leaders,
as
they broaden
the
appeal
of
outlets
to
groups
of
diners
thatinclude
some
people
who
don't
want
to
eat
a
customers
cannot
be
forced
to
ordersalads instead of
fries.
the
future,
simply
offering
a
healthy
option
may
not
be
good
enough.
packaged-food
and
restaurant
company
I
know
is
concerned
about
regulation
right
now,
says
of
a's
health-reform
bill,
which
Congress
passed
this
year,
requires
restaurant
chains
with
20
ormore
outlets
to
put
the
calorie-
content of items they serve on the menu.A study by
the NationalBureau of
Economic
Research,
which
tracked
the
effects
on
Starbucks
of
a
similar
calorie-postinglaw
in New York City in 2007, found that the average
calorie-count per
transaction
fell
6%
andrevenue
increased
3%
at
Starbucks
stores
where
a
Dunldn
Donuts
outlet
was nearby--a
sign,
it
issaid,
that
menu-labelling
could favour
chains
that have more healthy offerings.
order to avoid other legislation in
America and elsewhere, fast-food companies
will have tocontinue innovating
(
创新
).Walt Riker of
McDonald's claims the change it
has
made
in
its
menumeans
it
offers
more
healthy
items
than
it
did
a
few
years
ago.
probably
sell
more
vegetables,more
milk,
more
salads,
more
apples
than
any
restaurant business in the
world,
California
to
ban
McDonald's
from
including
toys
in
its
high-calorie
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