-
2018
年
6
月
四
级
真题（第一套
）
Part I Writing
Directions:
For this part,
you are allowed 30 minutes to
write a
short essay on the importance of
reading ability and how to develop
it
. You should write at least 120 words
but no more than 180
words.
Part II Listening
Comprehension
Section A
Directions:
In this section,
you will hear three news reports. At the end of
each news
report, you will hear two or
three questions. Both the news report and the
questions
will be spoken only once.
After you hear a question, you must choose the
best
answer from the four choices
marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the
corresponding
letter on Answer Sheet 1
with a single line through the centre.
Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news
report you have just heard.
1.
A) The return of a
bottled message to its owner's daughter.
B) A New Hampshire man's joke with
friends on his wife.
C) A father's
message for his daughter.
D) The
history of a century-old motel.
2.
A) She wanted to show gratitude for his
kindness.
B) She wanted to honor her
father's promise.
C) She had been asked
by her father to do so.
D) She was
excited to see her father's handwriting.
Questions 3 and 4 are based
on the news report you have just heard.
3.
A) People were concerned
about the number of bees.
B) Several
cases of Zika disease had been identified.
C) Two million bees were infected with
disease.
D) Zika virus had destroyed
some bee farms.
4.
A) It
apologized to its customers.
B) It was
forced to kill its bees.
C) It lost a
huge stock of bees.
D) It lost 2.5
million dollars.
Questions
5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just
heard.
5.
A) It
stayed in the air for about two hours.
B) It took off and landed on a football
field.
C) It proved to be of high
commercial value.
D) It made a series
of sharp turns in the sky.
6.
A) Engineering problems.
B)
The air pollution it produced.
C)
Inadequate funding.
D) The opposition
from the military.
7.
A) It
uses the latest aviation technology.
B) It flies faster than a commercial
jet.
C) It is a safer means of
transportation.
D) It is more
environmentally friendly.
Section B
Directions:
In this section,
you will hear two long conversations. At the end
of each
conversation, you will hear
four questions. Both the conversation and the
questions
will be spoken only once.
After you hear a question, you must choose the
best
answer from the four choices
marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the
corresponding
letter on Answer Sheet 1
with a single line through the centre.
Questions 8 to 11 are based on the
conversation you have just heard.
8.
A) It seems a depressing
topic.
B) It sounds quite alarming.
C) It has little impact on our daily
life.
D) It is getting more serious
these days.
9.
A) The man
doesn't understand Spanish.
B) The
woman doesn't really like dancing.
C)
They don't want something too noisy.
D)
They can't make it to the theatre in time.
10.
A) It would be more fun
without Mr. Whitehead hosting.
B) It
has too many acts to hold the audience's
attention.
C) It is the most amusing
show he has ever watched.
D) It is a
show inappropriate for a night of charity.
11.
A) Watch a comedy.
B) Go and see the dance.
C)
Book the tickets online.
D) See a film
with the man.
Questions 12
to 15 are based on the conversation you have just
heard.
12.
A)
Most of her schoolmates are younger than she is.
B) She simply has no idea what school
to transfer to.
C) There are too many
activities for her to cope with.
D) She
worries she won't fit in as a transfer student.
13.
A) Seek advice from
senior students.
B) Pick up some
meaningful hobbies.
C) Participate in
after-school activities.
D) Look into
what the school offers.
14.
A) Give her help whenever she needs it.
B) Accept her as a transfer student.
C) Find her accommodation on campus.
D) Introduce her to her roommates.
15.
A) She has interests
similar to Mr. Lee's.
B) She has become
friends with Catherine.
C) She has
chosen the major Catherine has.
D) She
has just transferred to the college.
Section C
Directions:
In this section,
you will hear three passages. At the end of each
passage,
you will hear three or four
questions. Both the passage and the questions will
be
spoken only once. After you hear a
question, you must choose the best answer from
the four choices marked A), B), C) and
D). Then mark the corresponding letter on
Answer Sheet 1 with a single line
through the centre.
Questions 16 to 18
are based on the passage you have just
heard.
16.
A) To
investigate how being overweight impacts on
health.
B) To find out which physical
drive is the most powerful.
C) To
discover what most mice like to eat.
D)
To determine what feelings mice have.
17.
A) When they are
hungry.
B) When they are thirsty.
C) When they smell food.
D)
When they want company.
18.
A) They search for food in groups.
B) They are overweight when food is
plenty.
C) They prefer to be with other
mice.
D) They enjoy the company of
other animals.
Questions 19
to 21 are based on the passage you have just
heard.
19.
A)
Its construction started before World War I.
B) Its construction cost more than $$40
billion.
C) It is efficiently used for
transport.
D) It is one of the best in
the world.
20.
A) To
improve transportation in the countryside.
B) To move troops quickly from place to
place.
C) To enable people to travel at
a higher speed.
D) To speed up the
transportation of goods.
21.
A) In the 1970s.
B) In the 1960s.
C) In the 1950s.
D) In the
1940s.
Questions 22 to 25
are based on the passage you have just
heard.
22.
A)
Chatting while driving.
B) Messaging
while driving.
C) Driving under age.
D) Speeding on highways.
23.
A) A gadget to hold a phone on the
steering wheel.
B) A gadget to charge
the phone in a car.
C) A device to
control the speed of a vehicle.
D) A
device to ensure people drive with both hands.
24.
A) The car keeps
flashing its headlights.
B) The car
slows down gradually to a halt.
C) They
are alerted with a light and a sound.
D) They get a warning on their smart
phone.
25.
A) Installing a
camera.
B) Using a connected app.
C) Checking their emails.
D)
Keeping a daily record.
Part III Reading
Comprehension
Section A
Directions:
In this section,
there is a passage with ten blanks. You are
required to
select one word for each
blank from a list of choices given in a word bank
following
the passage. Read the passage
through carefully before making your choices. Each
choice in the bank is identified by a
letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for
each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a
single line through the centre. You may not use
any of the words in the bank more than
once.
An office tower on Miller Street
in Manchester is completely covered in
solar panels. They are used to create
some of the energy used by the
insurance company inside. When the
tower was first
26
in
1962, it was
covered with thin square
stones. These small square stones became a
problem for the building and continued
to fall off the face for 40 years until a
major renovation was
27
. During this renovation the building's
owners,
CIS,
28
the solar panel company, Solarcentury.
They agreed to cover the
entire
building in solar panels. In 2004, the completed
CIS tower became
Europe's largest
29
of vertical solar
panels. A vertical solar project on such
a large
30
has never been repeated since.
Covering a skyscraper with solar panels
had never been done before, and
the CIS
tower was chosen as one of the “10 best green
energy projects”. For a
long time after
this renovation project, it was the tallest
building in the United
Kingdom, but it
was
31
overtaken by the
Millbank Tower.
Green
buildings like this aren't
32
cost-efficient for the investor, but
it
does produce much less pollution
than that caused by energy
33
through
fossil fuels. As
solar panels get
34
, the
world is likely to see more
skyscrapers
covered in solar panels, collecting energy much
like trees do.
Imagine a world where
building the tallest skyscraper wasn't a race of
35
,
but
rather one to collect the most solar
energy.
B)
cleaner
A)
cheaper
I)
eventually
J)
height
D)
competed
C)
collection
E)
constructed
F)
consulted
H)
discovered
G)
dimension
L)
production
M)
range
N)
scale
O)
undertaken
K)
necessarily
Section B
Directions:
In this section,
you are going to read a passage with ten
statements
attached to it. Each
statement contains information given in one of the
paragraphs.
Identify the paragraph from
which the information is derived. You may choose a
paragraph more than once. Each
paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the
questions by marking the corresponding
letter on Answer Sheet 2.
Some College
Students Are Angry That They Have to Pay to Do
Their Homework
A) Digital
learning systems now charge students for access
codes needed to
complete coursework,
take quizzes, and turn in homework. As
universities go digital,
students are
complaining of a new hit to their finances that's
replacing
–
and
sometimes joining
–
expensive textbooks:
pricey online access codes that are
required to complete coursework and
submit assignments.
B) The codes
–
which typically range in
price from $$80 to $$155 per course
–
give
students
online access to systems developed by education
companies like McGraw
Hill and Pearson.
These companies, which long reaped big profits as
textbook
publishers, have boasted that
their new online offerings, when pushed to
students
through universities they
partner with, represent the future of the
industry.
C) But critics say the
digital access codes represent the same profit-
seeking ethos
(
观
念
) of the
textbook business, and are even harder for
students to opt out of. While
they
could once buy second-hand textbooks, or share
copies with friends, the digital
systems are essentially impossible to
avoid.
D) “When we talk about the
access code we see it as the new face of the
textbook
monopoly
(
垄断
), a new way to lock
students around this system,” said Ethan
Sena
ck,
the higher education
advocate for the U.S. Public Interest Research
Group, to
BuzzFeed News. “Rather than
$$250 (for a print textbook) you're paying $$120,”
said
Senack. “But because it's all
digital it eliminates the used book market and
eliminates
any sharing and because
homework and tests are through an access code, it
eliminates any ability to opt
out.”
E) Sarina Harpet, a
19-year-old student at Virginia Tech, was faced
with a tough
dilemma when she first
started college in 2015
–
pay rent or pay to turn in her
chemistry homework. She told BuzzFeed
News that her freshman chemistry class
required her to use Connect, a system
provided by McGraw Hill where students can
submit homework, take exams and track
their grades. But the code to access the
program cost $$120
–
a big sum for Harper, who
had already put down $$450 for
textbooks, and had rent day
approaching.
F) She decided to wait for
her next work-study paycheck, which was typically
$$150-$$200, to pay for the code. She
knew that her chemistry grade may take a dive
as a result. “It's a balancing act,”
she said. “Can I really afford these access codes
now?” She didn't hand in her first two
assignments for chemistry, which started her
out in the class with a failing grade.
G) The access codes may be another
financial headache for students, but for
textbook businesses, they're the
future. McGraw Hill, which controls 21% of the
higher education market, reported in
March that its digital content sales exceeded
print sales for the first time in 2015.
The company said that 45% of its $$140 million
revenue in 2015 “was derived from
digital products.”
H) A
Pearson spokesperson told BuzzFeed News that
“digital materials are less
expensive
and a good investment” that offer new features,
like audio texts,
personalized
knowledge checks and expert videos. Its digital
course materials save
students up to
60% compared to traditional printed textbooks, the
company added.
McGraw Hill didn't
respond to a request for comment, but its CEO
David Levin told
the Financial Times in
A
ugust that “in higher education, the
era of the printed
textbook is now
over.”
I) The textbook
industry insists the online systems represent a
better deal for
students. “These
digital products aren't just mechanisms for
students to submit
homework, they
of
fer all kinds of features,” David
Anderson, the executive director
of
higher education with the Association of American
Publishers, told BuzzFeed
News. “It
helps students understand in a way that you can't
do with print homework
assignments.”
J)
David Hunt, an associate professor in sociology at
Augusta University, which has
rolled
out digital textbooks across its math and
psychology departments, told
BuzzFeed
News that he understands the utility of using
systems that require access
codes. But
he doesn't require his students to buy access to a
learning program that
controls the
class assignments. “I try to make things as
inexpensive as possible,” said
Hunt,
who uses free digital textbooks for his classes
but designs his own curriculum.
“The
online systems ma
y make my life a lot
easier but I feel like I'm giving up control.
The discussions are the things where my
expertise can benefit the students
most.”
K) A 20-year-old
junior at Georgia Southern University told
BuzzFeed News that she
normally spends
$$500
–
$$600 on access codes
for class. In one case, the professor
didn't require students to buy a
textbook, just an access code to turn in homework.
This year she said she spent $$900 on
access codes to books and programs. “That's
two months of rent,” she said.
“You
can't sell any of it back. With a
traditional
textbook you can sell it
for $$30
–
$$50 and that helps
to pay for your new semester's
books.
With an access code, you're out of that
money.”
L) Benjamin
Wolverton, a 19-year-old student at the University
of South Carolina,
told BuzzFeed News
that “it's ridiculous that after paying tens of
thousands in tuition
we have to pay for
all these access codes to do our homework.” Many
of the access
codes he's purchased have
been required simply to complete homework or
quizzes.
“Often it's only 10% of your
grade in class.” he said. “You're paying so much
money
for something that hardly affects
your grade
–
but if you
didn't have it, it would
affect your
grade enough. It would be bad to start out at a B
or C.” Wolverton said
he spent $$500 on
access codes for digital books and programs this
semester.
M) Harper, a poultry
(
家禽
) science major, is
taking chemistry again this year and
had to buy a new access code to hand in
her homework. She rented her economics
and statistics textbooks for about $$20
each. But her access codes for homework,
which can't be rented or bought second-
hand, were her most expensive purchases:
$$120 and $$85.
N) She still
remembers the sting of her first experience
skipping an assignment due
to the high
prices
. “We don't really have a missed
assignment policy,” she said. “If
you
miss it, you just miss it. I just got zeros on a
couple of first assignments. I
managed
to pull everything back up. But as a scared
freshman looking at their grades,
it's
not fun.”
36. A
student's yearly expenses on access codes may
amount to their rent for two
months.
37. The online access codes may be seen
as a way to tie the students to the digital
system.
38. If a student
takes a course again, they may have to buy a new
access code to
submit their
assignments.
39. McGraw Hill accounts
for over one-fifth of the market share of college
textbooks.
40. Many traditional
textbook publishers are now offering online
digital products,
which they believe
will be the future of the publishing business.
41. One student complained that they
now had to pay for access codes in addition to
the high tuition.
42.
Digital materials can cost students less than half
the price of traditional printed
books
according to a publisher.
43. One
student decided not to buy her access code until
she received the pay for
her part-time
job.
44. Online systems may deprive
teachers of opportunities to make the best use of
their expertise for their students.
45. Digital access codes are criticized
because they are profit-driven just like the
textbook business.
Section C
Directions:
There are 2
passages in this section. Each passage is followed
by some
questions or unfinished
statements. For each of them there are four
choices marked
A), B), C) and D). You
should decide on the best choice and mark the
corresponding
letter on Answer Sheet 2
with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 46 to 50 are based on the
following passage.
Losing
your ability to think and remember is pretty
scary. We know the risk of
dementia
(
痴呆症
) increases with age.
But if you have memory slips, you probably
needn't worry. There are pretty clear
differences between signs of dementia and
age-related memory loss.
After age 50, it's quite common to have
trouble remembering the names of
people, places and things quickly, says
Dr. Kirk Daffner of Brigham and Women's
Hospital in Boston.
The
brain ages just like the rest of the body. Certain
parts shrink, especially areas
in the
brain that are important to learning, memory and
planning. Changes in brain
cells can
affect communication between different regions of
the brain. And blood
flow can be
reduced as blood vessels narrow.
Forgetting the name of an actor in a
favorite movie, for example, is nothing to
worry about. But if you forget the plot
of the movie or don't remember even seeing
it, that's far more concerning, Daffner
says.
When you forget entire
experience, he says, that's “a red flag that
something
more serious may be
involved.” Forgetting how to operate a familiar
object like a
microwave oven, or
forgetting how to drive to the house of a friend
you've visited
many times before can
also be signs of something going wrong.
But even then, Daffner says, people
shouldn't panic. There are many things that
can cause confusion and memory loss,
including health problems like temporary
stoppage of breathing during sleep,
high blood pressure, or depression, as well as
medications (
药物
)
like antidepressants.
You don't have to
figure this out on your own. Daffner suggests
going to your
doctor to check on
medications, health problems and other issues that
could be
affecting memory. And the best
defense against memory loss is to try to prevent
it
by building up your brain's
cognitive (
认知的
) reserve,
Daffner says.
“Read books, go to
movies, take on new
hobbies or
activities that force one to
think in
novel ways,” he says. In other words, keep your
brain busy and working. And
also get
physically active, because exercise is a known
brain booster.
46. Why does
the author say that one needn't be concerned about
memory slips?
A) Not all of them are
symptoms of dementia.
B) They occur
only among certain groups of people.
C)
Not all of them are related to one's age.
D) They are quite common among fifty-
year-olds.
47. What happens as we
become aged according to the passage?
A) Our interaction skills deteriorate.
B) Some parts of our brain stop
functioning.
C) Communication within
our brain weakens.
D) Our whole brain
starts shrinking.
48. Which memory-
related symptom should people take seriously?
A) Totally forgetting how to do one's
daily routines.
B) Inability to recall
details of one's life experiences.
C)
Failure to remember the names of movies or actors.
D) Occasionally confusing the addresses
of one's friends.
49. What should
people do when signs of serious memory loss show
up?
A) Check the brain's cognitive
reserve.
B) Stop medications affecting
memory.
C) Turn to a professional for
assistance.
D) Exercise to improve
their well-being.
50. What is Dr.
Daffner's advice for combating memory loss?
A) Having regular physical and mental
checkups.
B) Taking medicine that helps
boost one's brain.
C) Engaging in known
memory repair activities.
D) Staying
active both physically and mentally.
Passage Two
Questions 51 to 55 are based on the
following passage.
A letter
written by Charles Darwin in 1875 has been
returned to the Smithsonian
Institution
Archives (
档案馆
) by the FBI
after being stolen twice.
“We realized
in the mid
-
1970s that it was
missing,” says Effie Kapsalis, head of
the Smithsonian Insitution Archives.
“I
t was noted as missing and likely
taken by an
intern
(
实习生
), from what the FBI is
telling us. Word got out that it was missing
when someone asked to see the letter
for research purposes,” and the intern put the
letter back. “The intern likely took
the letter again once nobody was watching
it.”
Decades passed.
Finally, the FBI received a tip that the stolen
document was
located very close to
Washington, D.C. Their art crime team recovered
the letter but
were unable to press
charges because the time of limitations had ended.
The FBI
worked closely with the
Archives to determine that the letter was both
authentic
and definitely Smithsonian's
property.