2015年6月英语四级考试真题(第一套).doc

2015

年

6

月大学英 语四级考试真题

(

第

1

套

)

Part

I

Writing(30

minutes)Directions:

For

this

part,

you

are

allowed

30

minutes

to

write an essay based on the picture should start your essay with a brief

description of the picture and then comment on

the kid's understanding of going

to

should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

“

Why am I going to school if my phone already knows everything?

”

Part II Listening Comprehension(30 minutes)

听力音频地址：

/attached /media/20151113/25_3

Section A

Directions : In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long

the end ofeach conversation, one or more questions will be asked

about what was theconversation and the questions will be spoken only

each question there will bea the pause, you must read the

four choices marked A.,

B), D),and

decide

which is the

best

mark

the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

will give the woman some tips on the game.

woman has good reason to quit the game.

is willing to play chess with the woman.

woman should go on playing chess.

man can forward the mail to Mary.

can call Mary to take care of the mail.

probably knows Sally's new address.

would like to resume contact with Sally.

handwriting has a unique style.

notes are not easy to read.

did not attend today's class.

is very pleased to be able to help.

man had better choose another restaurant.

new restaurant is a perfect place for dating.

new restaurant caught her fancy immediately.

man has good taste in choosing the restaurant.

has been looking forward to spring.

has been waiting for the winter sale.

will clean the woman's boots for spring.

will help the woman put things away.

woman is rather forgetful.

man appreciates the woman's help.

man often lends books to the woman.

woman often works overtime at weekends.

to work on foot.

a sightseeing trip.

work earlier than usual.

a walk when the weather is nice.

plane is going to land at another airport.

flights have been delayed due to bad weather.

ary closing has disturbed the airport's operation.

airport's management is in real need of improvement.

Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

specializes in safety from leaks.

is headquartered in London.

has a partnership with LCP.

has a chemical processing plant.

is 's friend.

is a safety inspector.

is a salesman.

is a chemist.

or of the safety department.

's personal assistant.

of the personnel department.

public relations officer.

12.

for to call back.

a message for .

e details of their products and services.

a comprehensive description of their work.

Questions 13 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

learned playing the violin from a famous French musician.

dreamed of working and living in a European country.

read a lot about European musicians and their music.

listened to recordings of many European orchestras.

began taking violin lessons as a small child.

was a pupil of a famous European violinist.

gave her first performance with her father.

became a professional violinist at fifteen.

gave her a chance to explore the city.

was the chance of a lifetime.

was a great challenge to her.

helped her learn classical French music.

Section B

Directions:

In

this

section,

you

will

hear

3

short

the

end

of

each

passage,

you

will

hearsome

the

passage

and

the

questions

will

be

spoken

only

youhear

a

question,

you

must

choose

the

best

answer

from

the

four

choices

marked A., B), D ).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with

a single linethrough the centre.

Passage One

Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.

are mysterious stories behind his works.

are many misunderstandings about him.

works have no match worldwide.

personal history is little known.

moved to Stratford-on-Avon in his childhood.

failed to go beyond grammar school.

was a member of the town council.

once worked in a well- known acting company.

18.

s of his time had no means to protect their works.

le sources of clues about him were lost in a fire.

works were adapted beyond recognition.

of his time had little interest in him.

Passage Two

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.

19.

.

ng.

crash.

accidents.

20.

the local customs.

hotel reservations.

tickets well in advance.

the right documents.

t your agent.

a lift if possible.

official transport.

a friend meet you.

Passage Three

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.

down production cost.

inexpensive products.

lise in gold ornaments.

the taste of his goods.

a national press conference.

a live television interview.

a local sales promotion campaign.

a meeting of top British businesspeople.

ed.

d.

ssed.

raged.

words of some businesspeople are just rubbish.

who never learns from the past is bound to fail.

should be a limit to one's sense of humour.

is not laughed at, that laughs at himself first.

Section C

Directions:

In this section, you will hear a passage three the passage

is read for the firsttime, you should listen carefully for its general

the

passage

is

read

for

thesecond

time,

you

are

required

to

fill

in

the

blanks

with

the exact words you have y,

when the passage is read for the third

time, you should check what youhave written.

Looking at the basic biological systems, the world is not doing very

economic indicators show the world is 26 Despite a slow start at the beginning of

the eighties, global economic output increased by more than a fifth during the 27

The economy grew, trade increased, and millions of new jobs were can

biological indicators show the 28 of economic indicators?

The

answer

is

that

the

economic

indicators

have

a

basic

fault:

they

show

no

difference

between resource uses that 29 progress and those uses that will hurt main

measure of economic progress is

the gross

national product (GNP). 30 ,

this totals

the

value

of

all

goods

and

services

produced

and

subtracts

loss

in

value

of

factories

and

ped

a

half- century

ago,

GNP

helped

31

a

common

way

among

countries

of

measuring

change

in

economic

some

time,

this

seemed

to

work

32

well,

but

serious

weaknesses

are

now

indicated

earlier,

GNP

includes

loss in value of factories and equipment, but it does not 33 the loss of natural

resources,

including

nonrenewable

resources

such

as

oil

or

renewable

resources

such

as forests.

This basic fault can produce a 34 sense of national economic ing to

GNP,

for

example,

countries

that

overcut

forests

actually

do

better

than

those

that

preserve

their

trees

cut

down

are

counted

as

income

but

no

subtraction

is made for 35 the forests.

Part

Ⅲ

Reading Comprehension ( 40 minutes)

Section A

Directions:

In this section, there is a passage with ten are required

to select one word for

each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the

the passage through carefully before making your choice in the bank

is identified by a mark the corresponding letter for each item on

Answer

Sheet2

with

a

single

line

through

the

may

not

use

any

of

the

words

in the bank more than once.

Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.

The

ment

of

Education

is

making

efforts

to

ensure

that

all

students

have

equal access to a quality it is 36 the launch of the Excellent

Educators for All initiative will help states and school districts

support great educators for the students who need them most.

children

are

37

to

a

high-quality

education

regardless

of

their

race,

zip

code

or family is 38 important that we provide teachers and principals the

support

they

need

to

help

students

reach

their

full

39

,

ary

of

Education

Arne Duncan

said.

work

and deep 40 of our nation's teachers

and principals, students in high-poverty, high- minority schools are unfairly

treated across our have to do leaders and educators will

41 their own creative solutions, but we must work together to 42 our focus on how

to

better

recruit,

support

and

43

effective

teachers

and

principals

for

all

students,

especially the kids who need them most.

Today's announcement is another important step forward in improving access to a

quality

education,

a

44

of

President

Obama's

year

of

today,

Secretary

Duncan will lead a roundtable discussion with principals and school teachers from

across the country about the 45 of working in high-need schools and how to adopt

promising practices for supporting great educators in these schools.

cing

cial

nges

ment

ent

ts

ally

p

buting

e

ed

ial

ly

ied

Section B

Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements

attached

to

atement

contains

information

given

in

one

of

the

fy the paragraph from which the information is may

choose

a

paragraph

more

than

paragraph

is

marked

with

a

the

questions by marking thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

The Changes Facing Fast Food

-food

firms

have

to

be

a

thick-skinned

experts

regularly

criticise

them

severelyfor

selling

food

that

makes

people

s

even

complain

that

McDonald's,

whose

logosymbolises

calorie

excess,

should

not

have

been

allowed

to

sponsor

the

World

arethings

fast- food

firms

have

learnt

to

cope

not

perhaps

for

much

burgerbusiness

faces

more

pressure

from

regulators

at

a

time

when

it

is

already

adapting

strategies

inresponse

to

shifts

in

the

global

economy.

B)Fast food was once thought to be consumers need to cut

spending, the logicgoes, cheap meals like Big Macs and Whoppers become even more

fast-food

companies

picked

up

customers

who

could

no

longer

afford

to

eat

at

casual

c was boosted in America, the home of fast food, with discounts

and promotions, such as $$1 menus and cheap combination meals.

C)As

a

result,

fast- food

chains

have

weathered

the

recession

better

than

their

more

expensive

2009

sales

at

full- service

restaurants

in

America

fell

by

more than 6% , but total sales remained about the same at fast-food some

markets,

such

as

Japan,

France

and

Britain,

total

spending

on

fast

food

-store

sales

in

America

at

McDonald's,

the

world's

largest

fast-food

company,

did

not

decline

throughout

the

Bread,

an

American

fast-food

chain known for its fresh ingredients, performed well, too, because it offers

higher-quality food at lower prices than restaurants.

D)But

not

all

fast-food

companies

have

been

as

,

such

as

Burger

King,

have seen sales a severe recession, while some people trade down to fast

food,

many

others

eat

at

home

more

frequently

to

save

Palmer,

an

analyst

at UBS, a bank, says smaller fast- food chains in America, such as Jack in the Box

and Carl's Jr., have been hit particularly hard in this downturn because they are

competing

with

the

global

giant

McDonald's,

which

increased

spending

on

advertising

by more than 7% last year as others cut back.

fast-food companies also sacrificed their own profits by trying to give

customers better the recession companies set prices low, hoping that

once they had tempted customers through the door they would be persuaded to order

more

expensive

in

many

cases

that

strategy

did

not

year

Burger

King franchisees (

特许经营人

)sued (

起诉

)the company over its double-cheeseburger

promotion,

claiming

it

was

unfair

for

them

to

be

repuired

to

sell

these

for

$$1

when

they

cost$$1.10

to

May

a

judge

ruled

in

favour

of

Burger

heless,

the company may still be cursing its decision to promote cheap choices over more

expensive ones because items on its

sales, upfrom 12% last October.

ts

expect

the

fast-food

industry

to

grow

modestly

this

the

downturn

is

makingcompanies

rethink

their

are

now

introducing

higher-priced

items

to

entice

(

引诱

)consumers

away

from

$$1

,

a

division

of

Yum!

Brands,

which also owns Taco Belland Pizza Hut, has launched a chicken sandwich

that costs

around

$$

in

May

Burger

Kingintroduced

barbecue

(

烧烤

)pork

ribs

at

$$7

for

eight.

ies are also trying to get customers to buy new and more items, including

ld's started selling better coffee as a challenge to

McCafe

line

nowaccounts

for

an

estimated

6%

of

sales

in

cks

has

sold

rights to its Seattle's Bestcoffee brand to Burger King, which will start selling

it later this year.

fast- food companies shift

from

they

need to keep

customer traffichigh throughout the see breakfast as a big opporttmity,

and not just for fatty ld's will start selling porridge (

粥

)in America

next ast has the potential to bevery profitable, says Sara Senatore of

Bernstein,

a

research

firm,

because

the

margins

can

be

-food

companies

are

also

adding

midday

and

late- night

snacks,

such

as

blended

drinks

idea

is

that

by

having

a

greater

range

of

things

on

the

menu,

can

sell

to

consumersproducts they want all day,

officer of Yum ! Brands.

what about those growing waistlines? So far, fast-food firms have cleverly

avoided

providing

healthy

options,

like

salads

and

low- calorie sandwiches, they have at leastgiven the impression of doing something

about

helping

to

fight

obesity

(

肥

胖

症

).These

offeringsare

not

necessarily

loss-leaders,

as

they

broaden

the

appeal

of

outlets

to

groups

of

diners

thatinclude

some people who don't want to eat a customers cannot be forced to

ordersalads instead of fries.

the future, simply offering a healthy option may not be good enough.

packaged- food and restaurant company I know is concerned about regulation right

now,

says

of

a's

health- reform

bill,

which

Congress

passed

this

year,

requires

restaurant

chains

with

20

ormore

outlets

to

put

the

calorie- content

of

items

they

serve

on

the

menu.A

study

by

the

NationalBureau

of

Economic

Research,

which

tracked

the

effects

on

Starbucks

of

a

similar

calorie-postinglaw

in

New

York

City

in

2007,

found

that

the

average

calorie-count

per

transaction

fell

6%

andrevenue

increased 3% at Starbucks stores where a Dunldn Donuts outlet was nearby--a sign,

it

issaid,

that

menu-labelling

could

favour

chains

that

have

more

healthy

offerings.

order

to

avoid

other

legislation

in

America

and

elsewhere,

fast-food

companies

will have tocontinue innovating (

创新

).Walt Riker of McDonald's claims the change

it has made in its menumeans it offers more healthy items than it did a few years

ago.

probably

sell

more

vegetables,more

milk,

more

salads,

more

apples

than

any

restaurant business in the world,

California

to

ban

McDonald's

from

including

toys

in

its

high- calorie

Meals

because

legislators

believe

it

attracts

children

to

unhealthy

food,

suggests

there

isa lot more left to do.

people propose laws be made to stop McDonald's from attaching toys to its

food specials for children.

-food finns may not be able to cope with pressures from food regulation in

the near future.

King will start to sell Seattle's Best coffee to increase sales.

fast-food

firms

provide

healthy

food

to

give

the

impression

they

are

helping

to tackle the obesity problem.

the recession, many customers turned to fast food to save money.

people eat out less often to save money in times of recession.

the

recession,

Burger

King's

promotional

strategy

of

offering

low-priced

items often proved ineffective.

-food restaurants can make a lot of money by selling breakfast.

fast-food companies now expect to increase their revenue by introducing

higher-priced items.

55.A

newly-passed

law

asks

big

fast-food

chains

to

specify

the

calorie

count

of

what

they serve on the menu.

Section C

Directions: There are 2 passages in this passage is followed by some

questions orunfinished each of them there are four choices marked

A., B), ).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding

letter on

AnswerSheet 2

with a single line through the centre.

Passage One

Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.

If

you

think

a

high-factor

sunscreen

(

防晒霜

)keeps

you

safe

from

harmful

rays,

you

may be ch in this week's

Nature shows that while

factor 50

reduces

the

number

of

melanomas(

黑

瘤

< br>)and

delays

their

occurrence,

it

can't

prevent

mas are the most aggressive skin have a higher risk if you

have red or blond hair, fair skin, blue or green eyes, or sunburn easily, or if a

close relative has had mas are more common if you have periodic intense

exposure to the skin cancers are increasingly likely with long-term

exposure.

There is continuing debate as to how effective sunscreen is in reducing melanomas

the evidence is weaker than it is for preventing other types of skin cancer.A 2011

Australian study of 1,621 people found that people randomly selected to apply

sunscreen

daily

had

half

the

rate

of

melanomas

of

people

who

used

cream

as

needed.A

second study, comparing 1,167 people with melanomas to 1,101 who didn't have the

cancer, found that using sunscreen routinely, alongside other protection such as

hats,long

sleeves

or

staying

in

the

shade,

did

give

some

study

said

other forms of sun protection not sunscreen seemed most study

relied on people remembering what they had done over each decade of their lives,

so

it's

not

entirely

it

seems

reasonable

to

think

sunscreen

gives

people

a false sense of security in the sun.

Many people also don't use sunscreen properly applying insufficient amounts,

failing to reapply after a couple of hours and staying in the sun too is

sunburn that is most worrying recent research shows five episodes of sunburn in

the teenage years increases the risk of all skin cancers.

The

good

news

is

that

a

combination

of

sunscreen

and

covering

up

can

reduce

melanoma

rates,

as

shown

by

Australian

figures

from

their

slip-slop-slap

if

there

is a heat wave this summer, it would be best for us, too, to slip on a shirt, slop

on (

抹上

)sunscreen and slap on a hat.

is people's common expectation of a high-factor sunscreen?

will delay the occurrence of skin cancer.

will protect them from sunburn.

will keep their skin smooth and fair.

will work for people of any skin color.

does the research in Nature say about a high-factor sunscreen?

is ineffective in preventing melanomas.

is ineffective in case of intense sunlight.

is ineffective with long-term exposure.

is ineffective for people with fair skin.

do we learn from the 2011 Australian study of 1,621 people?

een should be applied alongside other protection measures.

-risk people benefit the most from the application of sunscreen.

lar application of sunscreen does women more harm than good.

application of sunscreen helps reduce the incidence of melanomas.

does the author say about the second Australian study?

misleads people to rely on sunscreen for protection.

helps people to select the most effective sunscreen.

is not based on direct observation of the subjects.

confirms the results of the first Australian study.

does the author suggest to reduce melanoma rates?

both covering up and sunscreen.

g in the shade whenever possible.

covering up instead of sunscreen.

ng the right amount of sunscreen.

Passage Two

Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.

Across the rich world, well-educated people increasingly work longer than the

65%

of

American

men

aged

62

-74

with

a

professional

degree

are

in

the

workforce,

compared

with32%

of

men

with

only

a

high- school

gap

is

part

of

a

deepening

divide

between

the

well- educated

well-off

and

the

unskilled

technological

advance

has

raised

the

incomes

of

the

highly

skilled

while

squeezing

those

of

the

consequences,

for

individuals

and

society,

are

profound.

The world is facing an astonishing rise in the number of old people, and they will

live longer

than

ever

the next 20

years the

global population of those

aged 65

or more will almost double,

from

600 million to

1.1

experience

of the 20th century, when greater longevity (

长寿

)translated into more years in

retirement rather than more years at work, has persuaded many observers that this

shift will lead to slower economic growth, while the swelling ranks of pensioners

will create government budget problems.

But

the

notion

of

a

sharp

division

between

the

working

young

and

the

idle

old

misses

a

new

trend,

the

growing

gap

between

the

skilled

and

the

ment

rates

are

falling

among

younger

unskilled

people,

whereas

older

skilled

folk

are

working

divide

is

most

extreme

in

America,

where

well-educated

baby-boomers < /p>

(

二

战后生育高峰期出生的美国人

)are putting off retirement while many less-skilled

younger people have dropped out of the workforce.

Policy

is

partly

European

governments

have

abandoned

policies

that

used

to

encourage

people

to

retire

life

expectancy

(

预期寿命

),

combined

with the replacement of generous defmed-benefit pension plans with less generous

defined- contribution

ones,

means

that

even

the

better-off

must

work

longer

to

have

a

comfortable

the

changing

nature

of

work

also

plays

a

big

has risen sharply for the highly educated, and those people continue to reap rich

rewards into old age because these days the educated elderly are more productive

than the preceding logical change may well reinforce that shift:

the

skills

that

complement

computers,

from

management

knowhow

to

creativity,

do

not

necessarily decline with age.

is happening in the workforce in rich countries?

r people are replacing the elderly.

-educated people tend to work longer.

oyment rates are rising year after year.

with no college degree do not easily find work.

has helped deepen the divide between the well-off and the poor?

life expectancies.

B.A rapid technological advance.

nd changes in the workforce.

D.A growing number of the well- educated.

do many observers predict in view of the experience of the 20th century?

ic growth will slow down.

ment budgets will increase.

people will try to pursue higher education.

will be more competition in the job market.

is the result of policy changes in European countries?

led workers may choose to retire early.

people have to receive in-service training.

wealthy people must work longer to live comfortably in retirement.

may be able to enjoy generous defined-benefits from pension plans.

is characteristic of work in the 21st century?

ers will do more complicated work.

will be taken by the educated young.

jobs to be done will be the creative ones.

are highly valued regardless of age.

Part

Ⅳ

Translation ( 30 minutes)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from

Chinese into should write your answer on

Answer Sheet 2.

中国是世界上最古老的文明之一。

构成现代世界基础的许多元素都起源于中国。

中国现在拥

有世界上发展最快的经济，

并正 经历着一次新的工业革命。

中国还启动了雄心勃勃的太空探

索计 划，其中包括到

2020

年建成一个太空站。目前，中国是世界 最大的出口国之一，并正

在吸引大量外国投资。同时，它也在海外投资数十亿美元。

2011

年，中国超越日本成为世

界第二大 经济体。

2015

年

6

月大学英语四级考试真 题答案与详解

(

第

< br>1

套

)

Part

Ⅰ

Writing

这是一篇四级考试中常见的议论文。

此次通过漫画所呈现出的话题