-
中考英语总复习
作者：
非成败
作品编号：
92032155GZ5715475102
时间：
2020.12.13
目录
专题一
名词
.........................
..................................................
..................................................
................ 1
专题二
数词、冠词
......................
..................................................
..................................................
....... 9
专题三
介词、连词
......................
..................................................
..................................................
..... 16
专题四
代词
.........................
..................................................
..................................................
.............. 24
专题五
形容词、副
词
..........................
..................................................
.............................................
35
专题六
动词的分类
......................
..................................................
..................................................
.... 45
专题七
情态动词、系动词
...................
..................................................
.............................................
53
专题八
动词时态
.......................
..................................................
..................................................
....... 61
专题九
被动语态
.......................
..................................................
..................................................
....... 68
专题十
非谓语动词
......................
..................................................
..................................................
.... 76
专题十一
简单句、并列句
....................
..................................................
............................................
87
专题十二
祈使句、感叹句
....................
..................................................
............................................
96
专题一三
宾语从句
.......................
..................................................
..................................................
. 103
专题一四
定语从句
.......................
..................................................
..................................................
. 112
专题一五
状语从句
.......................
..................................................
..................................................
. 120
专题一
名词
1.
名词的数
1.
概述
:
名词按其表示的事物的性质分为可数名词和不可数名词。
2.
可数名词及其单复数：可数名词
有单复数变化，其前通常用不定冠词和数词来修
饰，还可用
ma
ny, few, a few, some, any, plenty of, lots of, a
number of
等
修饰。构成名词复数形式的方法分为规
则法和不规则法两种。
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1
）
复
数的规则构成法：绝大多数英语中的名词复数都是在单数名词后加上词尾
-s
或
-
es
构成的。具体规则如下图：
规则
例词
一般情况下加
-s
以
s, x, ch
，
sh,
结尾的加
-es
apple-apples, ruler-rulers
bus-buses, box-boxes, watch-watches,
brush-brushes
city-cities,
county-countries
以辅音字母加
y
结尾的，把
y
变成
i<
/p>
再加
-es
以
f
或
fe
结尾的，把
< br>f
或
fe
变成
< br>v,
再加
-
es
以
o
结尾的，有的词尾加
-
es
，有的加
-s
knife-
knives, leaf-leaves
在初中英语范围内加
-es
的主要有以下
4
个：
tomato-
tomatoes
，
potato-potatoes
Hero-heroes
，
Negro-Negroes
2)
复数的不规则构成法：
a
．单复同形的：
Chinese-
Chinese, Japanese-Japanese, deer-deer,
sheep-
sheep, fish-
fish(
表示鱼的数量
)
b.
熟记下列词的复数变化：
man-men, woman-
women, policeman-policemen,
foot-feet,
tooth-teeth, mouse-mice, child-children
c.
以
man,
woman
做定语构成的复合名词，变复数时要全变：
a
man teacher-two
men teachers;
其他情况一般只变主体名词而作定语的名词不变：
a girl
student-
two girl students
3.
不可数名词：不可数名词没有单复数。如：
water,
meat, air
等。在表示数量时，
通常用以下方法。
1
）用
some, much, a
little, little, a lot of, lots of, plenty of
等表示多少。
There
is little milk at home.
The old man
has lots of money.
2)
若要表示不可
数名词的数量，应用“数词
+
量词
+o
f+
名词”这种形式，若数字超过
一，量词应用复数形式。如：
a glass of water-two glasses of water,
a piece of
bread-two pieces of bread
2.
专有名词：专有名词是表示特定的人，事物，
地点等，如：
Tom,
China,
the
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中考英语总复习
United Kingdom.
专有名词的第一个字母一般
大写，大部分专有名词前一般不
用冠词。
3.
名词的所有格：
1.
概述：名词的所有格在句中是表示所有关系，作定语。
2.
名词所有格的构成：名词所有格包括
–
s
所有格和
of
所有格两种形式。无生命
的名词的所有格通常用
of
短语来表示所有关系。如：
the
name
of
the
school,
the window of the house
等。
–
s
所有格主要用于有生命的东西和表
示时间
，距离，国家等的名词后。构成方法如下：
1
）
一
般直接在名词后加
’s.
如：
Jim’s book
2
）
复
数名词的所有格，若以
s/es
结尾只加撇
号，不以
s/es
结尾仍加
’s
。如：
Children’s Day,
the teachers’ office.
3)
“
and
”连接的并列名词的所有格，表示两人“共有”只在后一个名词尾加
’s;
表示“各自拥有”，两个名词尾都要加
’s.
如：
Jim and Lucy’s
book
（共有）
;
Jane’s
and Tom’s books(
不共有
)
4
）表示店铺或某人的家等处所时，常在名词的所有格后省去
< br>shop, house, home
等。如：
the
barber’s, at my uncle’s
5)
表示时间，距离，国家，城市的无生命名词，可以在词尾加
’s
或
’
表示所有格，
如：
tod
ay’s newspaper, five
minutes’ walk.
3.
双重所有格
1)
名词双重所有格的含义
：
of+
名
词所有格称为双重所有格，这种结构中，
of
前
面是一部分，
of
后面是一个整体。
< br>
例如：
Mr Wang is a friend
of my father's. (=Mr Wang is one of my father's
friends.)
王先生
是我父亲的一个朋友
.
2)
名词双重所有格的构成方法：
a.
of
前面的名词前面通常有一个含泛指意义的限定词，如
a,
any, some, no,
few,
several
以及
two,
three
等。例如：
Have you read any stories of Lei Feng's?
你看过雷锋的故事吗？
They gave me some books of theirs.
他们把他们的一些书给了我。
Three classmates of my sister's have found good
jobs.
我姐姐的三个同学已
经找到了好工作。
b.
有时
of
< br>前面的名词前面可以用指示代词
this,
that
表示某种感情色彩。例如：
That answer of Jim's was right.
吉姆的那个回答是对的。
Something is wrong with this eye of mine.
我的这只眼睛出了毛病。
c.
of
后面带有
's
的名词或名词性物主
代词通常是特指的人。例如：
That's a
book of Lu Xun's.
这是鲁迅的一本书。
This is a child of theirs.
那是他们的一个孩子。
3)
名词的双重所有格与
“
of +
名词
”
结构之间的区别：
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a..
句子所表达的侧重点不同。试比较：
He is a friend of my father's.
< br>（着重说明
“
父亲
”
的朋友不止一个）
He is a
friend of my father.
（着重说明
“<
/p>
他
”
是父亲的一个朋友）
b. of
前面是
pict
ure
等词时，含义不同。试比较：
This is a picture of my teacher's.
这是我老师收藏的一张照片。
This is a picture of my teacher.
这是我老师的一张照片。
实战演练
(2
×
50)
1. June 1st is ____ Day all over the
world.
A. Child’s B. Children’s
C. Childrens’
2. September
10th is ___ Day in China.
A. Teacher’s
B. Teachers’ C. Teacher
3. This is _______ news.
A.
such a good B. a very good C. such good
4.
—
What ______ it
is!
—
Let’s go out to have a
picnic.
A. a fine weather
B. fine day C. a fine day
5. Tom and
I go to school _____ every day.
A. on
feet B. on foot C. by foot
6.
–
Are those _____?
-
No, they aren’t. They’re
_____.
A. sheep; cows B.
sheep; cow C. sheeps; cow
7. A group
of ____ are talking with two ___ over there.
A. Frenchmen; Germans B. Frenchmen;
Germen C. German; Frenchmen
8. That
doctor drank two _____.
A. glass of
water B. glasses of waters C. cups of tea
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9. Mrs. Smith is an old friend of
_______.
A. Bob mother B. Bob’s
mother’s C. mother of Bob
10. The tall man with a big nose is
_______ classmate.
A. Tom and Carl B.
Tom’s and Carl’s C. Tom and Carl’s
____ time, there will be more tall
buildings in our city.
A. few year
B. a few years’ C. a few year’s
12. How many ___ do you want every
month?
A. milk B. water C. apples
13.
–
Whose is
this new bicycle?
-
It’s
_____.
A. Sue and Jim’s B .
Sue and Jim C. Sue’s and Jim’s
14.
–
Would you
like _____tea?
-
No, thanks.
I’ve drunk two __.
A. any;
bottles of orange B. a little; bottle of oranges
C. some; bottles of
orange
15.
–
How many
_____ do you want?
-Two, please.
A. kilos of egg B. kilo of eggs C.
kilos of eggs
作者：
非成败
作品编号：
92032155GZ5715475102
时间：
2020.12.13
16.
The bus stop is two _____ from our house.
A. hour’s drive B. hours’ drive C.
hour
-drive
17.
–
Where are you going,
Amy?-_______.
A. To my uncle B. To
my uncle’s C. At my uncle
18. Have you read _____?
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A. a newspaper of today’s B. today
newspaper C. today's newspaper
19. Lucy put a lot of ____ in ____ of
tea.
A. sugar; the two cup B.
sugars; the two cups C. sugar; the two cups
20. Tomatoes, broccoli, and ____ are
vegetables.
A. bananas B. potatoes
C. noodles
21.
–
Help yourself to some
_________.
-Thank you. I really like
them.
A. fish B. orange C.
cakes
22. The little baby has two
_______ already.
A. tooth B. a tooth
C. teeth
23. We all had ______ last
month. Did you travel to anywhere?
A.
three days’ holiday B. three day’s holiday
C. three
-days holiday
24.
When autumn comes, ______ of most trees turn
yellow and then fall down.
A. leaf
B. leave C. leaves
25. Tomorrow
I'm going to my________. It's a _________.
A aunt...five minutes' walk
B aunt's...five
minute's walk
C aunt's...five minutes'
walk
26. A computer is one of the
greatest ________in this century.
A
inventors
B inventions
C
invitations
27. We haven't
________ homework to do today.
A many
B some
C much
28. Three
hours________enough for a__________boy to read
books.
A is...ten-year-old
B
are...ten-year-old C is...ten-
years-
old
29.
_________that pair of new_________nice?
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A Is...shoe
B Are...shoes C
Is...shoes
, I've bought
many_______. Now let's make the birthday cake.
A fresh eggs
B chocolate
milk C
food
31. The two
________are my________.
A woman
doctors... friends
B women doctors... friends
C women doctors... friend
32. These are________houses.
A Lee and my uncle
B the Lee's and my uncle's
C theLees' and my uncle
33. We are__________.They
are_________.
A Chinese...Germen
B Chinese...German
C
Chinese...Germans
34. There ______ a
pencil and two books on the desk.
A. has
B. is
35. A number of students ______ for the
school bus now.
A. is
waiting
B. are waiting
C.
waits
36. The number of
students in the class ______ large.
A. are
B. has
37. A _____
is used for keeping warm.
A. stamp B. scarf C. key
38. There
is no _______ in the bus so we have to wait for
another bus.
A. room B.
a room C. rooms
39. ---This is a
photo of _________ when they were young.
---OK, how happy they both looked!
A. my father and mother B. my mother
and father's
C. my mother's and
father's
40. The new student is in
__________ , Grade Two.
A. Class Third
B. Third Class C. Class Three
41. ---
What would you like to drink, girls?
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--- _________, please.
cup of coffee B. Two cups of coffee C. Two
coffee
42 During Christmas, people get
together and sing Christmas songs for ______
A. fun B. wishes C. interest
43. They are those _________ bags.
Please put them on the bus.
A. visitor
B. visitor's C. visitors'
44.--- How
many students are there in your school?
--- There are two ___________.
A. hundreds B. hundred C. hundreds
of
45. ---What do you think of the
_______ the Moonlight Sonata by Beethoven?
-- It sounds really wonderful.
A. subject B. music C. book
46. There is not enough _________ in
the corner for the TV.
A. place B.
room C. field
47. If you don't take
more ________, you'll get fat.
A.
medicine B. lessons C. exercise
48.
My school is about twenty ________ walk from here.
A. minute B. minutes' C. minutes
49. Mum, I have _______ to tell you!
A. a good news B. some good news
C. many good news
50. Maths ________
not easy to learn.
A. are B. is C.
am
参考答案：
1-5:BBCCB; 6-10:AACBC; 11-15: BCACC;
16-20:BBCCB; 21-25:CCACC
；
26-
30
：
BCACA
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专题二
数词、冠词
一．数词
1.
数词概述：表示数目多少或顺序先后的词叫做数词。其用法相当于名词或者形容
词。<
/p>
2.
数词的种类：可以分为两种：
<
/p>
基数词：表示数目多少的数词。序数词：表示先后顺
序的数词。<
/p>
3.
基数词的写法和用法
1
）
1
—
12
的基数词是独立的单词，即：
one
，
two
，
three<
/p>
，
four
，
f
ive
，
six
，
seven
，
eight
，
nine
，
ten
，
eleven
，
twelve
。
2
）
13
—
19
的基数词以
-teen
结尾。如：
14
—
fourteen
，
但
13
，
15
，
18
较特殊，
13
< br>—
thirteen
15
—
fifteen 18
—
eighteen
。
3
）
20
—
90
的整十位均以
< br>-ty
结尾。如：
60
—
sixty
，但
20
，
30
，
40
，
50
，
80
较特
殊，
20
—
twenty
30
—
thirty
40
—
forty
50
—
fifty 80
—
eighty
。
4)
十位数与个位数之间要加连字符号
“
-
”
，如：
28
—
twenty-eight
，
96
—
ninety-
six
。
5)
百位和十位（若无十位则和个位）之间加
“and”
，如：
148
—<
/p>
one hundred and
forty-eight ,
406
—
four hundred and
six
。
6) hundred
（百），
tho
usand
（千），
million
（
百万），
billion
（十亿）等前面即使
< br>有具体的数词，也不能在它们的后面加
s
。
7) .
百
(hundr
ed),
千
(thousand),
百
万
(million)
等词与介词
of
连用的时侯，用复数形
式，表不确定数目，其前面不可与数字连
用
8
）
.<
/p>
表示
“
几十
”<
/p>
的数词，复数形式可用来表示人的岁数或年代。
如：
He is in his forties.
他四十多岁。
This took
place in the 1930s.
这事发生在二十世纪三十年代。
9
）
.
基数词可与其他词构成形容词。<
/p>
如：
Can you say
something about your two-month holiday?
？
(two
和
month
之间有连字符时，
month
用单数
)
4.
序数词的写法和用法
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< br>1
）．基数词变序数词可利用口诀巧记：
“
一、二、三，特殊记，八去
“t ”
，九去
“e”
，
“ve”
要用
“f”
替，见
“y”
< br>变成
“i”
和
“e”
，词尾加上
“th”
，若是遇到几十几，只变个位
就
可以。
”
变法如下：
first
，
second
，
thir
d
，
eight
—
eighth nine
—
ninth
，
five
—
fifth
，
twelve
—
tw
elfth
，
twenty
—
twentieth
，
forty
—
fortieth
，
tw
enty-five
—
twenty-
fifth
。
< br>其余情况均在基数词后加
th
。如：
six
—
sixth,
nineteen
—
nineteenth ,
hundred
—
hundredth, thousand
—
< br>thousandth
等。
2
）
.
序数词前常用定冠词
the,
表
“
顺序
”
。但如果
序数词不表示顺序，而表示
“
又一
个，
另一个
”
时，则不能用
the,
要用
a.
如：
Try it a second time.
再试一下。
5.
序数词表示
“
名次
”
时，不用定冠词。
He
was first.
他得了第一名。
Who was first? Who was
second
？谁是第一名？谁是第二名？
注意
:
1.
分数的读法：分子必须用基数词，分母用序数词。分子如果大于
1
，分母须用复数形
式。先读分子，再读分母。分子为
one
时可换用
a.
如：
In our class,
about a third can speak English well.
Two thirds
三分之二。
2.1/2
读作
“a(
或
one)half(
而不是
a second “
一秒钟
”)
，<
/p>
1/4
既可读作
“a(
< br>或
one)quarter”
又可读作
< br>
“a(
或
one)fourth”.
3/4:Three quarters
3.
小数的读法：小数点的前的基数词与前面所讲的基数词读法完全相同；小数
点读作
point,
小数点后只须将数字一一读出。
15.67
读作
:
fifteen point six seven
4.
百分数的读法：先读基数词，再读百分号
“%”
（读作
percent
）<
/p>
.
5%
读作
: five percent.
5.
年代的读法为
“
两位，两位
”
地读。整百的
后读
hundred,
整千的后读
th
ousand,
前常
加
the
year.
如：
1937
读作
nineteen
thirty-seven
或：
nineteen
hundred and thirty-seven
2000
年
读作
the year two thousand
December the
first, nineteen ninety-four
一九九四年十二月一日
二
.
冠词
1.
冠词概述：冠词是虚词，本身不能单独使用，也没有词义
，它用在名词的前面，帮
助指明名词的含义。
2.
冠词的种类：英语中的冠词有三种，一种是定冠词，另一
种是不定冠词，还有一种
是零冠词。
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3.
不定冠词的用法
不定冠词
a
(an)
与数词
one
同源，是
一个
的意思。
a
用于辅音音素前，一般读作
[e]
，而
an
则用于元音音素前，一般读做
[en]
。
1)
表示
一个
，意为
one
；
2)
代表一类人或物。
A knife is a tool for
cutting with.
Mr. Smith is
a doctor.
3)
词组或成语。
a little
/ a few / a lot / a type of / a great many / many
a / in a hurry / in a
minute / in a
word / in a short while / after a while / have a
cold / have a try /
keep an eye on /
4.
定冠词的用法
定冠词
the
与指示代词
t
his
，
that
同源，有
那（这）个
的意思，但较
弱，可以和一
个名词连用，来表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。它有以下意义：
1
）特指双方都明白的人或物：定冠词
the
与指示代词
this
，
that
同源，有
那（这）
个
的意思，但
较弱，可以和一个名词连用，来表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。
1
）特指双方都明白的人或物：
Take the umbrella.
带上伞。
2
）上文提到过的人或事：
He bought a book.
I've read the book.
他买了一本书。我看过那本书。
3
）指世上独一物二的事物：
the
sun
，
the
sky
，
the
moon
，
the earth
4
）单数名词连用表示一类事物，如：
the dollar
美元
; the fox
狐狸；或与形容词或
分词连用，表示一类人：
th
e rich
富人
; the living
活着的人。
5
）用在序数词和形容词最高级，及形容词
only
，
very
，
same
等前面：
Where do you live?
I live on the second floor.
你住在哪？我住在二层。
That's the very thing I've
been looking for.
那正是我要找的东西。
6
）用在表示身体部位的名词前：
She caught me by the hand.
她抓住了我手。
7
）用在某些由普通名词构成的国家名称、机关团体、阶级、等专有名词前：
the People's Republic of
China
中华人民共和国
the United
States
美国
8
）用在表示乐器的名词之前：
She plays the piano.
她会弹钢琴。
9)
用在姓氏的复数名词之前，表示一家人：
the
Greens
格林一家人
(
或格林夫妇
)
10)
用在惯用语中：
in the
day, in the morning (afternoon
，
< br>evening),
the day after
tomorrow
the day before yesterday,
the next morning,
in the sky (water
，
field
，
country)
in the dark,
in
the rain,
in the
distance,
in the middle
(of),
in
the end,
by the way,
go to the
theatre
5.
零冠词的用法
1)
国名，人名前通常不用冠词：
E
ngland
，
Mary
；
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< br>2
）泛指的复数名词，表示一类人或事物时，可不用定冠词；
They are teachers.
3
）抽象名
词表示一般概念时，通常不加冠词；
Failure is the mother
of success.
失败乃成功之母。
2
）在季节、月份、节日、
假日、日期、星期等表示时间的名词之前，不加冠词；
We go to school from
Monday to Friday.
< br>3
）在三餐、球类运动和娱乐运动的名称前，不加冠词
4
）
当
by
与火车等交通工具连用中间无冠词；
by
bus
，
by
train
；
5
）有些个体名词不用冠词；如：
s
chool
，
college
，
prison
，
market
，
hospital
，
bed
，
table
，
class
，
town
，
church
，
court
< br>等个体名词，直接置于介词后，表示该
名词的深层含义，
如：
go to hospital
去医院看病
go to the
hospital
去医院
(
并不是去看病，而是有其他目的
)
6
）不用冠词的序数词；
a.
序数词前有物主代词
b.
序数词作副词
He came
first in the race.
c.
在固定词组中
at (the)
first,
first of
all,
from first
to last
实战演练
(2
×
50)
1.
There are ___ days in a year.
A. three
hundred sixty-five B. three hundreds and sixty-
five
C. three
hundred and
sixty-five
2
．
______visitors visit this museum every day.
A. Hundred B. Hundred of
C. Hundreds of
3. There are two___
people in the library.
A. hundred
B. hundreds C. hundreds of
4.
Every year ___ watch NBA on TV.
A.
million people B. millions of people C.
millions people
5. ____ trees will be
planted in our city in 5 years.
A.
Thousands of B. Two thousands C.
Two thousand of
6. My brother is
in____.
A. Three Class, One Grade B.
Class Three, Grade One
C. Grade
first,
Class Third
7. We
are going to learn___ this term.
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A. book six B. six book
C. Book Six
8. Please turn to___.
Let's read the text aloud.
A. Page Two
B. the page two C. second page
9. He will come here ____ tomorrow
morning.
A. at fifth B. at
ten C. on two
10. He was doing some reading ____.
A. at eight yesterday morning B.
yesterday morning eight C. yesterday
morning at eight
11. He
began to live there____.
A. on his fifty B. at age of fifty
C. in his fifties
12 They moved to
the USA _
A. in 1980s B. in the
1980 ' C. in the 1980s
was ___
her early twenties when she became a movie star.
A. at B. on
C. in
14. There are____ months in a
year. December is the____month of the year.
A. twelve; twelve B. twelve;
twelfth
C. twelfth;
twelve
15. Sunday is the____ day of
the week.
A. seventh B. first
C. second
16. Autumn is________ season
in a year.
A. the fourth B. the
third C. a third
17.
-What's the date today?
-
It’s___.
A.
Friday B. cloudy C. July 4th
18. Jenny
was born _______.
A. on July 10, 1997
B. in July 10, 1997
C. in
1997, July 10
19. Monday is the second
day, and_______.
A.
Tuesday is the fourth B. Thursday is the fifth
C. the second is
Tuesday
20. About____ of the books in our
school library are written in Chinese.
A. four-fifth B. four-
fifths C. fourth-fifths
21. ___ of the students are girls in
our class.
A. Two three B.
Two threes C. Two thirds
22.___ of the world's books and
newspapers are written in English.
A. Three quarters B. Three
quarter C. Thirds four
23. Tom is____ in the row.
A. a third B. the third
C. third
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24. The girl wanted to sing____ song at
the party yesterday.
A. two
B. a second C. the second
25. Now let him have____.
A. the third try B. a third
try C. third try
26.
Our school is only _______ walk from here.
A. five-minute
B. five minute’s
C. five
minutes’
27. There are
________ days in a week.
A. the seven
B.
seventh
write down the new words in the text of ________.
A. Lesson Eleven
B. the Lesson Eleven
C.
Lesson Eleventh
29.----How old is your sister?
------________.
A. She’s
fifteenth
B. She’s young
C.
She’s fifteen
30. I read
______story. It is ______interesting story.
A. a, an B. a, a C. the, the
31. Paris is __ European country and
China is ___ Asian country.
作者：
非成败
作品编号：
92032155GZ5715475102
时间：
2020.12.13
A.
an, an B. a, a C. a, an
32.
_____elephant is bigger than ______ horse.
A. /, / B. an, a C. A, a
33. Shut _____door, please.
A. a B. an C. the
is now living in ______ European
country.
A. a
B. an C. /
35. China is
______ old country with ______ long history.
A. an, a B. a, a
C. an, the
36. My parents
usually go out for ______ walk in ______ evening.
A. the, a B. a, the
C. /, the
37. Her ______ first thing
is to help her mother clean the room.
A. a
B. the
C. /
38. The wor
d
“fl
oor
” begins with ______
“f” and the end with ______ “r”.
A. a, a
B. an, an
C. an, a
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39
. June 1st is ______
Children’s Day.
A. a
B. the
C. ./
40.
______ Huanghe River is _______ second largest
river in China.
A. The,
the B. A, a C. The, a
41. Paris is one of ______ most
beautiful cities in ______ world.
A. /, the
B. /
,/
C. the, the
day Mr Smith went to ______ Great Wall
at ______ noon.
A. the,
the B. /,/ C. the, /
43. We always have ______ milk for
______ breakfast.
A. /,/
B. the, / C. /,a
44
．
-Did you see
my grandfather?
-Oh, I saw ______old
man sitting on a chair under the tree. Maybe he
is.
A. a B. an
C. the
45
．
-Do you
see ______man with a dog?
-Oh, Yes,
______dog is black.
A. the, a, The
B. a, a, C. a, the
46
．
Who is
______better, Li Ping or Wang Dong?
A. the B. a
C. ×
47
．
We
go to school five days ______ week.
A.
a B. an C. /
48
．
-In which
class is ______ boy in white?
-He's in
Class 5.
A. the B. a C. an
49. We often have sports after class,
and I like to play _____ soccer.
A. a
B. an C. /
50
．
More college
graduates would like to work in _______ west part
of our
country ______ next year.
A. the, the B. /, / C. the, /
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参考答案
1-5 CCABA
5-10 BCABA 11-15 CCCBB 16-20 ACABB 21-25
CABBB
26-30 CCACA 31-35 CBCBA 36-40
BCCCA 41-45 CCABC 46-50 CAACC
专题三
介词、连词
一．
介词
1.
介词概述：介词表示它与后面的
名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。介词是虚
词，不能单独做句子成分。介词在英语中用
法很活，也无一定规律可循。在初
中范围内还应学一个记住一个，特别是那些和动词的特
殊搭配。
2.
常用介词的意义和用法。
⑴
时间或
地点介词
in
、
on
< br>、
at
的用法区别：
表示时间时
, in
表示在一段时间里
(
在将来时句子中则表示在一段时间之后
), on
表示在具体的某一天或者某天的上下午等
,
at
表示在某个时刻或者瞬间；
表示地点时
,
in
表示在某个范围之内
,
on
表示在某个平面上或与一个面相接
触
,at
则表示在某个具体的场所或地点。如：
He was born on the night of May 10th.
I usually get up at
7
：
00 in the morning.
His glasses are on the desk.
My
brother
is
at
the
bus
stop.
⑵
after
与
in
表示时间的用法区别：
“af
ter+(
具体时刻
/
从句
)”
表示
“
在
…
时刻之
后
”
常用于一般过去时态；
“in+(
一段时间
)”
表示
“
在
(
多久
)
之后
”,
常用于将来时
态。如：
< br>
He said that he would come back
after 6
：
00.
My
father
is
coming
back
from
Astralia
in
about
a
month.
⑶
since
与
for
表示时间的用法区别：
“s
ince+(
具体时刻
/that-
从
句
)”
表示
“
自
从
…
起一直到现在
< br>”,“for
+(
一段时间
)
”
表示
“
持续一段时间
”,
都常用于完成时态；
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如：
My father has
worked in this factory since 1970.
My
father
has
worked
in
this
factory
for
over
30
years.
⑷
by
、
in
与
with
表示方式的用法区别：都可以表示
“
工具、手段
”,
但是
b
y
主要
表示
“
乘坐
”
某个交通工具或
“
以
……
方式
”,
在被动句中可以表示动作的执行者；
in
表示
“
使用
”
某种语言
/
文字
,with
表示
“
使用
”
某个具体的工具、手段。如：
We write
with our hands and walk with our feet.
Please speak in English.
Let’s go to t
he zoo by bus.
It
was
invented
by
Adison.
⑸
about
与
on
的用法区别：都可以表示
“<
/p>
有关
…”,
但是
about
的意义比较广
,
而
on
主要表示
“
有关<
/p>
…(
专题
/
课程
)”
。如：
Tom is going to give a speech on the
history of China.
They are talking
about the English test.
⑹
through
与
across
、
over
的用法区别：
through
指
“
< br>穿过
…(
门洞
/
人群
/
树
林
< br>)”
；
across
和
over
可以指
“<
/p>
跨越
…(
街道
/
河流
)”,
可互换
,
但是表示
“
翻过
…”
时只能
用
over.
如：
Just then a
kangaroo (
鼠
)ran across the
road.(
就在那时一只袋鼠跑过路面
)
There is a bridge across/over the
river.(
河上有座桥
)
They
climbed
over
the
mountain
and
arrived
there
(
他们翻过大山到达了那
里
)/
The visitors went through a big gate
into another park.(
参观者们穿过一个大
门
来
到
另
一<
/p>
个
公
园
)
(7)as
与
like
的区别：两个词都表示
“
像
……”,
但是
as
译为
“
作为
……”,
表示的是职
业、职务、作用等事实
,
而
like
译为
“
像
……
一样
”,
表示外
表
,
不是事实。如：
Let me speak to you as a
teacher.(
我以老师的身份和你讲话。
)
Let me speak to you like a
teacher.(
让我像一位老师一样和你讲话
)
(8)in
front
of
与
in
the
front
of
：
in
front
of“
在
…
的前面
”,
与
in
the
front
of“
在
…
的前部
”
。如：
A group of people was standing
in front of the hall.
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In
the
front
of
the
hall
stood
a
group
of
people.
(12)ex
cept
与
besides
的区别：<
/p>
except“
除了
”,
表示排除掉某人物
,
即不包含；而
besides“
除了
”
则表示包
含
,
即
“
不仅
……
又
……”
。如：
Everyone went to the
park except Tom.(
除了
Tom,
大家都去了公园
)(Tom
没有
< br>去公园
)/
Besides maths he
also studied many other subjects.(
除了数学之
外
,
他还学其他
许
多
功
课
)(“
数
学
”
也
是
他
学
的
功<
/p>
课
之
一
)
连词
1.
连
词概述：连词是一种虚词，用于连接单词，短语或句子，但不单独做句子成
分。按照连词
的性质，可将连词分为并列连词和从属连词。并列连词如：
and
，
but
，
or
，
for
等，它们即可连接单词，短语，又可连接句子。从
属连词如：
when
，
before
，
because
等
< br>，
它
们
主
要
引
导
名
词
性
从
句
。
2.
常见连词的用法：
1
）并列连词
的用法：
并列连词有：
and, but, or, nor, so,
for yet, however, as
well as,
both...and, not only...but also, either...or,
neither...nor, still,
And
：
连
接
单
词
短<
/p>
语
句
子
。
如
：
Tom
and
I
study
in
the
same
school.
But,
or
：
I
have
a
pen
but
no
pencil.
/
Would
you
like
coffee
or
tea?
Nothing but
除了，只有：
I did nothing but watch it.
Or
表示否则：如：
Hurry
up or you will miss the train.
for
表示后面的句子是原因。如：
He is good at piano for he
practices
harder than others.
Not only…but
also
不仅
…
而且。可并列主、谓、宾、表及句子。主语并列时，谓
语要就近一致。如
:
Not only he but
also I am a nurse.
As well as
以及，同样。并列单词、短语、句
子。并列主语时，动词要随前面的
主语变化
.
如：
He works as well as he
can
Either…or
既
…
又
…
，或
…
或
…
，并列主、谓
、宾、表及状语
，如：
Either
come in or go out.
Neither…nor
既不
…
也不，
并列主、谓、宾、表、状语，并列主语时，谓语就
近一致。如：
Neither you nor he is lazy.
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Both…and
和，既
…
也，并列主、谓、宾及表语。
I can speak both English
and
French.
nor
也
不
，
引
导
句
子
要
倒
装
。
如
：
He
can
not
play
the
piano,
nor
can
I.
so
因此，
所以，不和
because
连用。如：
You like swimming, so do I.
2
）
从
属连词的用法：
从属连词有：
after,
when,
before,
as,
while,
since,
until,
till, if, unless,
because, than, that, whether, so that
after
表示
“<
/p>
时间
”
，在
…<
/p>
之后。如：
After I finished the
school, I became a
worker in the
factory.
Although/though
表示让步，
“
尽管
”
。如：
Although she is young, she
knows a lot.
as
表示时间，
“
当
…
时
”
，
方式
“
象
…”
，原因，
“
由于、因为
”
让步，
“
尽管、虽
然
”
。如：
As it was
rainy, we couldn
’
t go out
now.
As if/as though
表方式
，
“
似乎、好像
”
。如：
He told us such a story as
though he had been there before.
As long as/so long as
表条件，
“
只要
”
。如：
As long as I am here
, I’ll go
to help you.
As soon as
表时间，
“
一
…<
/p>
就
…”
。如：
I will call you as soon as
I
come back.
because
表原因
，
“
因为
”
。
如：
I
have to practice more because I am not
good at English.
before
< br>表时间，
“
在
…
之前
’’
。如：
You should think more before you do
it.
Even if/ even though
表让步
，
“
即使
”
。
如：
You should try again even if
you
failed.
Hardly…when
表时间
，
“
（刚）一
…
就
”
。如：
Hardly I entered the gate
when the bell rang.
if
“
假如
”
，引导条
件状语从句。如：
We will stay at
home if the rain
doesn’t
stop
.
“
是否
”
，引导宾语从句。如；<
/p>
I don’t know if he
goes
shopping.
In
order that
表目的，
“
为了，以便
”
。如：
We study hard
in order that
we can pass the exam.
No matter +
疑问词
表让步，
“
无论，不管
”
。如：
No matter what you do,
you should try your best.
No
sooner…than
表时间，
“
刚一
…<
/p>
就
…”
。如：
No sooner had I
come home
than it began to rain.
once
表时间，
“
一旦
…”
。如：
Once you read this book
,
you’ll
never forget
第
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it.
since
表时间，
“
自从
…
以来
”
.
如：
He has been in this city
since he left
school.
表原因，
“
既然，由于
”
。如
:
Since the job is dangerous,
let’s do it more
carefully.
so
far as/as far as
表条件，
“
就
…
而言，就
…
而论
”
.
如：
As far as I know, it is
easy for you
to speak in English.
So that
表目的
，
“
以便
”
。如：
Speak loud so that everybody can hear
clearly.
So…that
表结果
“
如此
,<
/p>
以致
”
。如：
He got up so
early that he caught
the early bus.
than
表示比
较，
“
比
”
。如：
Things were
worse than we
thought.
unless
表条件，
“
除非，如果不
”
。如：
You will fail in the test unless you
study hard.
Until/till
表时间
，
“
直到
…
为
止
”
。如：
I’ll wait till
my mother
comes
back.
when
表时间，
“
当
…
时
’’
。
如：
When they
got there, the train has
left.
whether
“
是否<
/p>
”
引导名词性从句
。如：
Whether he
can come to see us is
unknown.
表让步，
“
不管
/
无论、是否
”
。如：
Whether she is rich or
poor, she is
always happy.
while
表时间，
“
当
…
时
”<
/p>
。如：
While he was in Beijing, he visited the
Great Wall.
whenever
表时间，
“
无论什么时候
”
。如：
Whenever you meet any
trouble, tell me at once.
实
战演练
(2
×
50)
< br>
1.----How old are you?
----
I’m fifteen. I was born
________ 1990.
A. in
B. at
C. on
2. I study for a test
_________ working with a group.
A. in
B. by
C. at
3. A tsunami(
海啸
)
happened in some southern Asian countries________
December, 2004.
A. at
B. on
C. in
4. Tim’s mum is worried
_______ her son’s
study as he plays
computer games
too much.
A.
for
B. about
C. with
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5. We should return the books to the
library ______ time.
A. about
B. on
C. by
6. ________
your help, my maths has improved a lot.
A. With
B. Without
C.
Under
7. A
thief stole my wallet_______ the night of May 1st.
A. at
B. in
C. on
8. James is looking ________ his cat
everywhere. Have you seen it ?
A. like
B. at
C. for
9. It’s not
always necessary to look up the words ________ the
dictionary while
reading. Sometimes we
need to guess.
A. on
B. in
C. at
10. Zhangjiajie is famous _______ its
beautiful mountains.
A. from
B. at
C. for
11
．
Children get
gifts ____ Christmas and ____ their birthdays.
A. on; on
B. at; on
C. in; in
12. The plane is
starting___five minutes.
A. in
B. at
C. for
13. Lucy sits____ the third row,
____Jim's right.
A. on; on
B. in; at
C. in; on
ai
is___ the east of China, but Japan is ___ the east
of China.
A. to; in
B. in; to .
C. on; to
15.
1 like rice dumplings ____ meat ____ them.
A. in; on
B. with; on
C. with; in
16. When you
are ___ trouble please ask help ___ us.
A. in; from
B. in; for
C. on; from
17. He put up a map ___ the
back wall because there was a hole ___ it.
A. on; on
B. at; in
C. on; in
18. This kind of TV is
made____ China. .
A. in
B. from
C. at
19. There are
some birds singing___ the trees.
A. in
B. on
C. at
20. Don't read ____ the sun. It's bad
___ your eyes.
A. in; to
B. under; for
C. with; to
planes are
flying___ the city.
A. through
B. over ,
C. on ,
22. A mother camel was walking ___ her
son ___ the desert.
A. without; along
B. with;
through C. next to; pass
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23. The river runs____ the city.
A. cross
B. through
C. over
24. My uncle lives ____ 56
Changan Street.
B. of
C. at
25. They are waiting
___ a bus ___ the bus stop.
A. for; in
B. on; at
C. for; at
26. Is there any difference ____ these
two sentences?
A. for
B. in
C. between
27.
Our headmaster showed the visitors ____ our
school.
A. to
B. for
C. around
28. Nobody knew it ____ me.
A. except
B. beside
C. besides
29. Do you know any other
foreign language____ English.
A.
without
B.
beside
C.
besides
30.
---
Can
you
play
---
Yes,
I
can,
______
I
can't
play
it
A. or
B. and
C. but
31. There is something wrong___my bike.
A. at
B. in
C. with
32.
-His sudden death surprised his wife.
-It was so bad. His wife was surprised ____ his
death.
A. by
B. with
C. at
33. Don't laugh____ him,
everyone will make mistakes.
A. at
B. to
C. about
34. What did you have ___ breakfast?
A. at
B. as
C. for
D. about
35. He can speak
English_______ Chinese.
A. but
B. also
C. and
36. Physics is not so easy, _______I
like it very much.
A. but
B. or
C. since
37. Will Tom wait for her at home
______ at the library?
A. or
B. as
C. so that
38. I'll give her the gift
______ Mary arrives.
A. so
B. before
C. as soon as
39. The woman was____ angry_____ she
couldn't say anything.
A.
neither…nor
B.
either…or
C.
so…that
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football?
very
well.
中考英语总复习
40. I can't sleep well at night,
______I often feel sleepy in the day.
A. so
B. because
C. and
41.
Study hard, ______ you will fall behind.
A. and
B. but
C. or
42. _________ John _______I are
policemen.
A. Neither ...
nor
B. Either ... or
C.
Both ... and
43. He didn't
go to sleep ______he finished his homework.
A. till
B.
before
C. until
44. Wait
for me in the room _______ I come back.
A. until
B.
and
C. so
45.
Go along the road, _______ you'll find the
bookstore at the end of it.
A. when
B. and
C. or
46. You'll be late
______ you don't get up early tomorrow morning.
A. if
B. when
C. before
47.
The scientist knows two languages. He can speak
_________ English
_________ French.
A. either; or
B. neither; nor
C. both; and
48. His hobby is ______
reading
_______ collecting stamps. It’s
growing flowers.
A. either; or
B. both; and
C. neither; nor
49.
Neither he nor I _______ from Canada. We are from
Australia.
A. is
B. are
C. am
50. Mr Smith comes from America, and he
has studied Chinese in China for 5
years. So you can talk with him
________.
A. either in English or in
Chinese
B. not in Chinese but in
English
C. just in
English, not in Chinese
作者：
非成败
作品编号：
92032155GZ5715475102
时间：
2020.12.13
答案：
1-5 ABCBB 6-10 ACCBC
11-15 BACBC 16-20 BCAAB 21-25
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BBBCC
26-30 CCACC 31-35
CCACC
36-40 AACCA 41-45
CCCAB 46-50 ACCCA
专题四
代词
一、
代词概述
代词是代替名词的一种词类
。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。
二、代词分类
英语中的代词，按其意
义、特征及在句中的作用主要分为：人称代词、物主
代词、反身代词、指示代词、不定代词、疑问代词。
1
、
人
称代词及其用法
1
）人称代词主格和宾格
人称
第一人称
单、复数
单数
复数
第二人称
单数
复数
第三人称
单数
复数
主格
I
we
you
you
he
she
it
they
宾格
me
us
you
you
him
her
it
them
2
）
人
称代词的用法
①
人称代词主格在句子中担任主语。
例如：
She likes watching
movies.
她喜欢看电影。
They have been to America
twice..
他们到过美国两次。
第
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②
人称代词宾格在句子中担任动词宾语、介词宾语或表语。
例如：
We listen to them and
they help us.
我们听他们，他们帮我们。
---Who
is
knocking
at
the
door?
--It
’
s
me.
—谁在敲门？—是
我。
2
、
物
主代词及其用法
1
）形容词性和名词性物主代词
人称
第一人称
单、复数
单数
复数
第二人称
单数
复数
第三人称
单数
形容词性
my
our
your
your
his
her
its
复数
their
名词性
mine
ours
yours
yours
his
hers
its
theirs
词义
我的
我们的
你的
你们的
他的
她的
它的
作者：
非成败
作
品
编
号
：
92032155GZ5702
247
5102
时间：
2020.12.13
他们的
2
）物主代词的用法
①
形容词性物主代词相当于形容词，
在句子中担任定语修饰名词，一般不单独使
用。
例如：
This is
my book. Your book is over there.
这是我的书。
你的书在那
里。
They are our new
friends.
他们是我们的新朋友。
②名词性物主代词语法上相当于名词，意义上相当于“形
容词性物主代词
+
名
词”，经常用其来
避免和前面提到的名词重复。
例如：
This is my dictionary.
Where is yours (=your dictionary)?
这是我的词
典。你的（词典）在哪里？
My idea is just the same as his(=his
idea).
我的想法正如他的（想法）。
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3
、反身代词及其用法
1
）反身代词的构成
人称
第一人称
单、复数
单数
复数
第二人称
单数
复数
第三人称
单数
词形
myself
ourselves
yourself
yourselves
himself
herself
itself
复数
2
）反身代词的用法
①
反身代词在句子中担任动词宾语或介词宾语。
例如：
The boy is
too young to look after himself.
这男孩太小了无
法照顾自
己。
They did the job all by
themselves.
这件工作他们完全是自己做的。
②
反身代词常用词组
例如：
teach
oneself
自学
learn by
oneself
自学
enjoy
oneself
玩得愉
快
hurt oneself
伤了自己
help oneself to
自便
come
to oneself
苏醒
by oneself
单独；亲自
4
、
指
示代词及其用法
1
）
指
示代词：单数
this
（这）
、
that
（那）
；复数
these
（这些）
,
those
（那些）
2
）
指
示代词的用法
①
this/these
用于指代近距离的人或事物。
例如：
This is my friend and
these are his new
books.
这是我的朋友。这些
是
他的新书。
②
that/those
用于指代远距离的人或事物。
例如：
Look
！
Th
at girl in red is
Kate.
瞧！那个穿红衣服的女孩是凯特。
③
打电话时用
this
介绍自己，用
that
询问
对方。
themselves
词义
我自己
我们自己
你自己
你们自己
他自己
她自己
它自己
他们自己
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中考英语总复习
例如：
This
is
Mar
speaking.
Is
that
Mrs
Jones?
我是玛丽，您是琼斯夫人
吗？
5
、
不
定代词及其用法
不定代词是比较复杂的一类代词，在词形上有简单的不定
代词和复合不定代词两种
形式，分别列表如下。
1
）
表
一：初中阶段常见的简单的不定代词
不定代词
常用词义
some
，
any
many
，
much
few
，
little
a few
，
a little
both
all
either
neither
none
another
one
other
，
others
the other
，
the
others
表二：复合不定代词
some
any
one
someone
某人
anyone
任何人
body
somebody
某人
作者：
非成败
作
品
编
号
：
92032155GZ57022415
4785321547
5102
时间：
2020.12.13
一些（人或物）；任何（人或物）
许多（人或物）
几乎没有（人或物）
有少数或少量（人或物）
两者都
三者及以上都
两者之一；或者……或者
两者都不
三者及以上都不
三者以上中的任意一个
一个
其他的（泛指）
其他的（特指）
thing
something
某事
anything
任何事
no
every
no
one
没有人
everyone
每人
anybody
任何人
nobody
没有人
everybody
每人
no thing
没有东西
everything
每
一
件
事
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中考英语总复习
2
）
不
定代词的用法
在实际使用中，普通不定代词多数时候用作形容词修饰名词。
①
some
和
any
。两者均可修饰可数和不可数名词。一般情况下，
some
用于肯定
句，
any
用于否定句、疑问句和条件句中。但在说话人想要得到肯定回答或表
达请求、建议的疑问句中用
some
。
例如：
There are some
students in the classroom, but there
aren
’
t any
teachers.
教室里有一些学生，但没有老师。
---Would you like to have some tea or coffee?
---Neither, thanks.
--
想要喝茶还是咖啡？
--
谢谢，两个都不要。
②
many
和
much
。
ma
ny
修饰可数名词的复数形式，
much
修饰不可数名词。
两者均可以和表示程度的副词
so
，
too
，
as
，
how
连用构成
too many/much, so
many/much,
as many/much as, how many/much.
例如：
I have too much work to
do.
我有太多的工作要做。
How did you make so many
mistakes?
你怎么会犯这么多错误？
Please speak English as much as
possible.
请尽量说英语。
③
few, a few
和
little, a little.
few
和
a few
修饰可数名词，<
/p>
little
和
a little
修
饰不可数名词。
few
，
little
表示否定，
a
few
，
a
little
表示肯定。
例如：
He is a new student in
the school, so he has few friends.
他是本校的
新
生，所以几乎没有朋友（表示否定）。
I have so little money that I
can
’
t afford the new
magazine. Can you
lend me some?
< br>我几乎没钱了，买不起这本杂志（表示否定）。你能借我一些吗？
---Can I have a few words with
you, Mrs Brown?
–
Sure, I
have a little
time.
–布朗夫人，我可
以和你说几句话吗（表示肯定）？
--
当然可以，我有一点点<
/p>
时间（表示肯定）。
④
both
和
all
。
both
只能用于指代两者
，
all
指代三者或以上的人或物。
例如：
My parents
are both teachers. Both my brother and I are
students. We
all live in Changsha.
我父母亲都是老师。我哥和我是学生。我们都生活在长沙。
⑤
either
，
neither
和<
/p>
none
。
either
只能是“两者中取其一”，
neither
是“两者<
/p>
都不”，是
both
的反义词，
none
“都不”是
all
的反义词。
例如：
Either you or your sister
has to help your dad in the garden.
你或者你
姐姐得帮助你爸爸在花园里干活。（只要一个人帮助爸爸干活即可）
---Would you like some milk
or coffee?
–
Neither. Just
water, please.
—你想要牛奶还是咖啡？
--<
/p>
都不要，水就可以。
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They are all teenagers. None
of them should be allowed to smoke.
他们
都是青少年，谁都不应该获许抽烟。
⑥
other, others, the other,
the others.
概括地说，不带
the
的为泛指，带
the
的为特指，带
s
的指代复数的人或物，不带
s
的
指代单数的人或物。
例如：
Beijing is larger than
the other cities in
China.
北京比中国其他城市
大。
Lei Feng was always ready to help
others(=other
people)
。雷锋乐于助
人。
I have only two good friends. One
is Jack, the other is David.
我只有两
个好朋友，一个是杰克，另一个是大卫。
I bought six new books yesterday. One is English,
the others(=the
other books) are Chines
e.
我昨天买了六本书。一本是英语，其余的（书）都是中
文。
⑦
one, another,
one
指代上文提到过的单数可数名词，避免重复。
anoth
er
指的
是三者以
上中的任意一者，还可以表达“额外添加”的意思。
例如：
This building is taller
than that one.
这个建筑比那栋高。
I have already spent half an hour
on the job, but I need another ten
minutes to finish it.
我已经花了半
个小时做这件工作，但是我还要十分钟才能够完成。
⑧
复合不定代词的句法功能可以参考
some
、
any
、
no
、
every
的用法。但下列几
点必须
注意：
a
）复合不定代词在句子中担任主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。
例如：
Is there
anything wrong with the
computer?
电脑出问题了吗？
Everybody is here.
Let
’
s begin the
meeting.
大家到齐了，我们开会吧。
b
）修饰复合不定代词的形容词要放在他们的后面，做后
置定语。
例如：
Be quiet,
please. I have something important to tell
you.
请安静，我有
重要
的事情要告诉你们。
6
、
疑
问代词及其用法
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疑问代词在句中起名词词组的作用，用来构成疑问句。
疑问代
主要用法
例句
词
who
“谁”，主格形式作主语
Who can answer the
question?
Who is the man over
there?
whom
“谁”，宾格形式，口语中
往往
被
who
代替
whose
“谁的”所有格形式
Whose exercise book is
this?
Whose is this exercise
book?
what
询问不定书目中的“哪
个”、
“哪些”，没有范围的限
定；也
可用于询问某人的职业
which
“哪个”、“哪些”，询问
一定
范围内特指的人或物
实战演练
(2
×
50)
计分
:
1 ---Is
that man in blue your father? ---No, _______ is
my headmaster.
A. he B. him C.
she
2. ---Laura, this is my backpack.
Where is _______? ---Mine is over there.
A. your B. yours C. his
3. ---Is the woman who walked past
just now your teacher? ---Yes, she
teaches _____ Chinese.
A. us
B. our C. ours
Which class are you
in,
Class 1 or
Class 2?
What are you going to do?
What class are you in?
What
is your mother?
Whom/whom are you
talking to?
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4. ---Is David _________ cousin or
theirs? ---He is my cousin.
A. your
B. yours C. you
5. Excuse me,
_____pen is broken. May I use ________?
A. my, your B. I, yours C. my,
yours
6. ---Is this your MP4, Mike?
---No, it
’
s ______.
A. his B. her C. my
7. We must learn English by
__________.
A. us B. our C.
ourselves
8. Could you lend me ______
bike? I lost ______ last Saturday.
A.
your, my B. your, mine C. yours, mine
9. ---Who taught _____ German?
---Nobody. She learned all by _______.
A. she, her B. her, herself C.
hers, herself
10. --- Which would you
like, bread or rice? --- ______ of them.
I
’
m full
now.
A. Either B. Neither C. All
11. ---_______does your cousin look
like? ---He
’
s tall and
thin.
A. What B. Who C. Which
12. Believe yourself.
You
’
re better than ________.
You
’
re the best. Wish
you success.
A. anyone else
B. some else C. else anyone
13.
Most young people find _______ exciting to watch a
football match.
A. it B. this
C. that
作者：
非成败
作品编号：
92032155GZ5715475102
时间：
2020.12.13
14.
---_______ are you talking about? ----The
Olympic Games in Beijing.
A. What
B. How C. Whom
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15. ---What about this
T
—
shirt? ---I
don
’
t like the color. Please
show me
_____one.
A. other
B. the other C. another
16. ---Did
you enjoy ____ at the party, Jimmy?
–
Yes, Mum. I enjoyed ___very
much.
A. yours, ourselves
B. yourselves, myself C. yourself, myself
17. They three were all very tired, but
______ of them would stop to have a
rest.
A. some B. none
C. all
18. There is ______ knocking at
the door. Go and see who it is.
A.
someone B. anybody C. nobody
19. Do you know the girl between Lucy
and ______?
A. she B. his C.
me
20. ---Could you tell me ______ to
do next? ---Nothing more.
Let
’
s have a
rest.
A. what B. how
C. when
21. ---Can we put our sports
shoes here? ---Oh, yes. Put ______ here,
please.
A. them B. their
C. they
22. ---______did Mr Wang leave
in a hurry? ---Perhaps to meet a friend.
Who knows?
A. Where B.
For what C. With whom
23. _____
isn
’
t easy to learn a
foreign language well. But
don
’
t give it up.
A. That B. It C. This
24. ---Hello! ---_______is Mary
speaking. Is ______ Lily? --- Yes, speaking.
A. This, this B. This, that C.
That, this
25. ---Who told you Sam and
Kitty got married? --- A friend of _______.
A. you B. her C. mine
26
．
There are many
tall buildings on _______ sides of the street.
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A. either B. all C. both
27 I asked both Mary and Lucy to my
birthday party, but ________ of them
can come.
A. both
B. neither C. all
28
．
---Mum, Li
Ming bought a parrot yesterday. Could you please
buy ____
for me?
---Sure. But you must take good care of it.
A. one B. it C. that
29
．
The weather in
Hengyang is different from ______ in Beijing.
A. one B. it C. that
30
．
As we all have
grown up, we should learn to look after ________.
A. ourselves B. us C. myself
31
．
Never say
you
’
re a fool. Everyone is
good at ________.
A. something
B. anything C. everything
32 I
like pop music, but _______ my father _______ my
mother likes it.
A. both; and
B. either; or C. neither; nor
33
．
---When shall
we go to the museum, this afternoon or tomorrow
morning?
---_______ is OK.
I
’
m free these days.
A. Both B. All C. Either
34 There are only _________ new words
in the passage, but I know _____ of
them.
A. some; all B.
a few; none C. lots of; a few
35
---Who is singing in the next room? --- _______
must be Marie.
A. It B. She
C. This
36
．
The machines
made in China are cheaper than ________ made in
Japan.
A. ones B. that C.
those
37 ---Two Evening Papers,
please! ---Only one copy left. Would you like to
have ___, sir?
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A. one B. it C. this
38 ---Do you like talking with your
friends on the phone or on mobile phone?
---_________. I enjoy using QQ.
A. Either B. Neither C. None
39 The pears in my basket are smaller
than _______ in Jim
’
s.
A. those B. that C.
ones
40
．
We
can
’
t leave our grandparents
by _________.
A. they B. them
C. themselves
41
．
---Can I talk
to you for a minute, Brian? ---Sure. I have
______ time.
A. a few B. little
C. a little
42
．
---Is _______
here today? ---No. Han Mei
isn
’
t here. Maybe
she
’
s ill.
A.
someone B. anyone C. everyone
43
．
---Have you
finished your task? ---No,
I
’
ll finish it in _______
ten
minutes.
A. less
B. other C. another
44
．
Mrs White has
two children. _______ is a driver, and ______ is a
nurse.
A. One; another B. One;
the other C. One; other
45
．
The old woman
asked _______,
“
What should
I do?
”
A.
herself B. her C. hers
46
．
Either you or
I _______ right.
A. is B. am
C. are D. be
47 We found _______
necessary to protect the environment.
A. it B. this C. that
48
．
It was
________ fine day that they went to the park.
A. so a B. a so C. such a
49
．
_________went
surfing at the beach because of the terrible
weather.
A. Someone B. No one
C. Nothing
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50
．
---______ did
Mr Wang leave in a hurry? ---Perhaps to meet a
friend.
Who knows?
A.
How B. Where C. For what
1-5 ABAAC 6-10 ACBBB 11-15 AAAAC
16-20 CBACB 21-25
ABBBC
26-30 CBACA 31-35 ACCBA 36-40
CBBAC 41-45 CCCBA 46-50
BACBC
专题五
形容词、副
词
一、形容词
1
、
形容词概述
形容词修饰名词，说明事
物或人的性质或特征。大部分形容词直接说明事物的性
质或特征，有级的变化，可以用程
度副词修饰，在句中可作定语、表语和补语。例
如：
hot <
/p>
热的，
beautiful
美丽的。有的
形容词只能作表语，没有级的变化，也不可用程
度副词修饰。例如：
afraid
害怕的，
asleep
睡着的。
2
、
形容词的用法
1
）作定语修饰名词时，要放在名词的前面。但是如果形容词修饰以
-thing
为词尾的
词语即复合不定代词时，要放在这些词之后。
例如：
What an interesting
movie it is!
多有趣的一部电影啊！
There is nothing interesting in
today
’
s
newspaper.
今天的报纸没有什么有趣的内容。
2
）作表语放在系动词后面。
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例如：
The food smells
delicious.
食物闻起来很香。
3
）位于宾语后做宾语补足语。
例如：
You must keep your
classroom clean and
tidy.
你们必须保持教室干净整洁。
4
）少数形容词只能作表语，如：
afraid,
asleep, awake, alone, alive, well
（健康
的）
,ill
，
so
rry
，
glad
，
< br>sure
，
pleased
等。
例如：
He is alone
in the classroom.
他独自在教室。
She has been asleep for three
hours.
她睡了三个小时了。
5
）某些形容词之前加上冠词
the
表示
一类人，如
the rich, the poor, the young,
the old,
the deaf, the blind, the
living, the dead, the
hungry
等。
例如：
The rich should help the
poor.
富人应该帮助穷人。
The young should be polite to the
old.
年轻人对老年人应该有礼貌。
二、副词
1
、
副词概述
副词主要用来修饰动词，形容词，其他副词或句子。
2
、
副词的分类和用法
1
）
时间副
词：如
now
，
today
，
yesterday
，
soon
等，在句子中担任时间状语，是决
定动词时态的主要依
据之一。
例如：
There is
going to be a class meeting
tomorrow.
明天将有一个班会。
They visited the aquarium
yesterday.
他们昨天参观了水族馆。
2
）
频度副
词：如
sometimes
，
ofte
n, always, usually
等，在句子中担任时间状语，是
决定动词时态的主要依据之一。
例如：
They have never seen each
other before.
他们以前从未见过面。
What do you usually do on
weekends?
你们周末通常做什么？
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3
）
地点副词：如
here, there, home,
somewhere, anywhere
，
outside<
/p>
等，在句子中担任
地点状语。
例如：
I have looked for my pen
everywhere, but I can
’
t find
it anywhere.
我到处找了我的
钢笔，但哪儿都没看
见。
作者：
非成败
作品编号：
92032155GZ5715475102
时间：
2020.12.13
4
）
方式副词：如
slowly, quickly, fast,
luckily, easily
等，在句子中担任方式状语。这
类副词大都由“形容词
+ly
”构成。
例如：
Please speak more
slowly so that we can hear you clearly.
请慢点说以便我们能够
听清楚你说的内容。
5
）
程度副词：如
very, quite, rather,
too, much, so
等，在句子中修饰形容词或其他副
词，作状语。
例如：
It
’
s much too hot in Changsha these
days.
这些天长沙太热了。
The little boy can play the guitar very
well.
这小男孩吉他弹得非常好。
6
）
疑问副词：如
when, where, why, how,
how long, how soon, how often, how
far
，
how
old
等，放在句首构成特殊疑问句。
例如：
How soon will your father
be back home?
你爸过多久回到家？
How often do you go to the movie?
你们隔多久看一次电影？
7
）
关系副词：如
when, where, why,
how
等，用来引导相关从句。
例如：
What were you doing when
the UFO landed? UFO
着陆时你在干什么？
I
‘
d like
to go somewhere where people are friendly.
我想去人们友好的地方。
3
、
副词的位置
总的来说，很多副词的位置比较灵活，在句子开头、中间、结尾都可以。但是请注意
下面几点：
1
）
频度副词作状语时放在
be
动词、助动词、情态动词之后，行为
动词之前。
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例如：
He is never late for
school.
他上学从不迟到。
He usually goes to see his grandparents on
Saturday.
他通常周六去看望爷爷奶奶。
2
）
enough
修饰
形容词或副词时要放在被修饰词的后面。
例如：
The little boy
isn
’
t old enough to go to
school.
小男孩没到上学的年龄。
He ran fast enough to catch the
thief.
他跑得够快，抓住了小偷。
三、形容词和副词的比较等级
1
、
形容词和副词比较等级的构成
绝大多数形容词和副词有三个等级：原级（原形）、比较级和最高级，他们的构成
规则大致相同。列表如下：
表一：规则变化
单音节
词和少
数双音
节词
构成方法
一般直接在词尾加
-
er
，
-est <
/p>
以不发音的
e
结尾
的加
-er
，
-st
以辅音字母加
y
结
尾的，先
改
y
为
i
，<
/p>
再加
-er
，
-
est
以重读闭音节结
尾、且词尾只有一
个辅音字母的，先
双写该辅音字母，
再加
< br>-er
，
-est
多音节词<
/p>
和部分双
音节词
thin
big
thinner
bigger
thinnest
biggest
原级
tall
short
nice
large
heavy
early
比较级
taller
shorter
nicer
larger
heavier
earlier
最高级
tallest
shortest
nicest
largest
heaviest
earliest
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< br>（尤其是
带词缀的
双音节
词）<
/p>
表二：不规则变化
原级
good, well
many, much
bad,ill, badly
little
far
在原级前加
more
，
m
ost
interesting
important
quickly
more interesting
more important
more quickly
most interesting
most
important
most quickly
比较级
better
more
worse
less
farther
较远（字面意义）
further
进一步（引申意义）
最高级
best
most
worst
least
farthest
最远（字面意义）
furthest
最大限度（引申意义）
作者：
非成败
作
品
编
号
：
92032155GZ5715475102
时间：
2020.12.13
old
older
年纪较大的（用于比较级）
elder
较年长的（只用作定语）
oldest
年纪最大的（用于最高级）
eldest
最年长的（只用作定语）
2
、形容词、副词比较级和最高级的用法
1
）两者之间进行比较用比较级。其常见句子结构为：
A +
谓语动词
+
比较级
+than+B
。
例如：
This tree
is taller than that
one.
这棵树比那棵树高。
Lily has more friends than I.
莉莉比我朋友多。
Tom runs faster than Jim.
汤姆比吉姆跑得快。
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注：可以用程度副词
a little, a lot, a
bit, much, even, still, far
等修饰比较级，表示比较<
/p>
的程度差异。
例如：
It is much hotter in
Changsha than that in Beijing in summer.
长沙的夏天比北京
的夏天热得多。
He studies English a lot harder than the other
students in his class.
他学英语比班上其
他同学努力得多。
2
）在
三者或三者以上的人或物之间进行比较时用最高级，形容词最高级前必须加定
冠词
the
，副词最高级前
the
可加可不加，句子中常有
in
或
of
短语来表示比较的范围。
其常见句子结构为：
A+
谓语动词
+the+
最高级
+
比较范围。
例如：
Changjiang
is the longest river in
China.
长江是中国最长的河流。
Rruce runs fastest of the
three.
布鲁斯是三个人中跑得最快的。
3
）表示
A
和
B
在某一方面相同或不及时用同级比较。其常见句型为：
A+
谓语动词
+as+
原级
+as+B
。其否定结构为：
A+
谓语动词
(not)+as/so+
< br>原级
+as+B
。
例如：
English is
as important as
Chinese.
英语和语文一样重要。
Math is not as interesting as
History.
数学不如历史有趣味。
He speaks English as well as
Chinese.
他英语和汉语说得一样好。
She
doesn
’
t do her homework as
carefully as her
brother.
她做作业不如她哥哥细心。
4
）选择疑问句比较级和最高级的句型分别为：“疑问词
+
谓语动词
+
比较级，
A or
B
？”和“疑问词
+
谓语动词
+
最高级，
A
，
B or
C
？”
例如：
Which is bigger, the sun
or the earth?
太阳或地球，哪个更大？
Which is the biggest, the sun,
the earth or the moon?
太阳、地球或月亮，哪个最大？
Who plays soccer better, David or
Martin?
戴维或马丁，谁足球踢得更好？
Who plays soccer best, David,
Martin or
Bill?
戴维、马丁或比尔，谁足球踢得最好？
5
）表示“越……就越……”时，其句型为“
the +
比较级，
the+
比较级”。
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例如：
The more
trees, the better.
树木越多越好。
The harder you study, the
better grades you will get.
学习越努力，成绩就越好。
6
）表示“越来越……”时，用比较级的叠加形式，即：比较级
+
and+
比较级。
例如：
It
’
s
getting hotter and hotter.
天气越来越热了。
The city is becoming more and more beautiful.
城市越来越漂亮了。
实战演练
(2
×
50)
计分
:
1
In Huaihua it’s ________
in summer, but it is even _______ in
Changsha.
A. hotter,
hottest B. hot, hotter C. hotter, hot
2 The sea looks very _____ when the
sun is shining on it.
A. beautiful
B. more beautiful C. the most beautiful
3 Can you go shopping with me ? I have
_______ to buy.
A. something useful
B. useful something C. nothing useful
4 At my birthday party, my friend
Helen is _______ to make us all _______.
A. enough funny, laugh B. funny
enough, laugh C. enough funny, to laugh
5 The 2008 Olympic Games will be held
in Beijing. What _____ news to us all at that
moment!
A. an exciting
B. an excited C. exciting
6 His
father began to work as ________ as he was
seventeen.
A. old B. early
C. far
7 Henry is a little _________
than Bill.
A. strong B. stronger
C. strongest
8 ________, the
healthier you will be.
A. The more
money you get B. The taller you are C. The better
habits you have
9 The doctor told Mary
to eat _________ vegetables and _______ meat
because she was
getting fatter and
fatter.
A. much; little B. more
; less C. many; few
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10 ---What do you think of the
lecture(
演讲
) of Li Yang’s
Crazy English?
---
I think it’s ________, but someone
thinks it’s much too _______.
A. wonderful enough; bored B.
enough wonderful; boring
C.
wonderful enough; boring
11 She
told us a story. Her voice sounded ________.
A. sweet B. small C.
clearly D. sadly
12 ---I think our
chemistry teacher is working hard. He teaches us
_______.
---
Yes, but he
hasn’t come today. He doesn’t feel
_______.
A. good; well
B. well; well C. well; good
13
---Mum, could I have an MP3 like this?
---Certainly, we can buy _______
one, but as good as this.
A. a
cheap B. a cheapest C. a cheaper
14
This sweater doesn’t
suit me. It’s a bit small. Could you give me
______ one?
A. a large
B. a larger C. the largest
15
This math problem is ________ that one.
A. not so easy as B. more easy
than C. easy than
16 When winter
comes, the days get ________.
A.
short and short B. shorter and shorter C. long
and long
17 Paul is the _______ of
the two children in his family.
A.
most fattest B. fattest C. fatter
18 ---This cake is delicious.
---Well, at least it is ________ the one I baked
last week.
A. as worse as B. as
better than C. not worse than
19 They have just cleaned the windows,
so the room looks _______.
A. much
brighter B. more bright C. less bright
20 ---
Why didn’t you enjoy
the talk?
---It was ________ talk that
I had ever listened to.
A.
the most interesting B. the least
interesting C. more interesting
21
Shanghai is bigger than _________ in Australia.
A. any city B. any cities C. any
other city
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22 ---You have got the same shirt as I
---Yes. Mine is ______, but not so ______ as
yours.
A. better; expensive B. better;
more expensive C. more better; expensive
23 Now the air in our town is _______
than it used to be. Something must be done to stop
it.
A. very good B. much better
C. even worse
24
It’s
_______ tod
ay than yesterday.
A. quite colder B. a little
colder C. much cold
25 Who
runs ______, Tom or Jim?
A. fast
B. faster C. fastest
26 We should
use ______ plastic bags to protect our
environment.
A. more B. less
C. fewer
27 ---________ is
Lucky
52 shown on CCTV-2? ---Every
week.
A. How far B. How often
C. How long
28
My
classmates don’t smoke. I don’t,
________.
A. too
B. neither C. either
29 ---What
do you think of the football match? ---Wonderful.
They have never played
______.
A. best B. better C.
worse
30 Though the player is
over thirty, he can still run ______ some younger
players.
A. as fast as B. so fast
as C. much fast than
31 ---You
are standing too near to the TV. Can you move a
bit _______?
---OK, Mom. Is it all
right here?
A. faster B. slower
C. farther D. nearer
32 Though he
has studied ____ at Russian for ten months, he can
still _____ speak the
language.
A. hard; hard B. hardly; hardly
C. hard; hardly
33
Don’t
worry, sir. I’m sure I can run ______ to catch up
with him.
A. fast enough
B. enough fast C. slowly enough
34 Of all the students, Linda draws
________ carefully.
A. most
B. much C. more
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35 Wang Ping does ______ in physics of
all the subjects.
A. badly B.
most badly C. worst
36 ---How does
Bill drive now, Sue? ---He drives _______ me.
A. much more careful than B. as
careful as C. even more carefully than
37 Please write to me as______ as
possible.
A. soon B. quickly
C. fast
38 ou will realize the
importance of mastering a foreign language ______
in the future.
A. sometime B. some
times C. sometimes
39
It’s ____
___ a beautiful
stamp.
A. quite B. too C.
very
40 Bob never does his
homework _______ Mary. He makes lots of mistakes.
A. so careful as B. as carefully
as C. carefully as
作者：
非成败
作品编号：
92032155GZ5715475102
时间：
2020.12.13
41
Among the three boys he works perhaps the
____________.
A. hard B. harder
C. hardest D. most hard
42 She
always finishes her homework on time. She _______
leaves it for tomorrow.
A. always
B. never C. usually
43 The more
we look at the picture, ______.
A.
the better we liked it B. the less we like it
C. we like it less
44 Who used to
get up ________ in your class during the summer
trip?
A. earlier B. earliest
C. the most early
45 ---Do you
prefer music to drawing? ---No. I like drawing
_______.
A. well B. most C.
better
46
Don’t worry.
We’ve got ________ for all of you.
A. big enough a room B. enough big
a room C. a big enough room
47 Can
you imagine that _______ little ants can carry
______ many big worms?
A. so; so
B. such; such C. such; so D. so; such
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48 ---Did Han Meimei pick a lot of
apples?
---Yes. She picked _______
than any of us.
A. many more B.
much more C. the most
49 ---Who
jumped the _______ of all in the long jump? ---Li
Lei did.
A. longest B. longer
C. farthest
50 Beijing has _____ many
buses that there is often a traffic jam in rush
hours.
A. so B. very C.
too
01-05 BAABC 06-10
BBCBC 11-15 ABCBA 16-20 BCCAB 21-25 AACBB
26-30 CBCBA 31-35 CCAAC 36-40 CAAAB
41-45 CBBBC 46-50 CCACA
专题六
动词的分类
一、动词概述及分类
根据其句法功能，动词可以分为四大类，列表如下。
动
2
、连系动词
不及物动词
be, seem,
look, sound, smell, turn, get, become
等<
/p>
+
表语，构成主
系表句型
be
+doing
，构成进行时
1
、实义动词（行
< br>为动词）
及物动词
+
宾语，构成主谓宾句型
+
双宾语，构成主谓双宾句型
+
复合宾语，构成主位复宾句型
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have
+done
，构成被动语态
+done
，构成完成时态
+been
doing
，构成完成进行时态
肯定
式
do
（
does
，
did
）；
否定式：
don’t
（
doesn
’
t
，
didn
’
t
）
will, shall,
should, would
+
动词原形构成将来时
后接动词原形一起构成谓语
帮助行为
动词的一般现在时、一般
过去时构成疑问句；
帮助行为动词的一般现在时、一般
过去时构成否定与
词
3
、助动词
4
、情态动词
can, may, must, might,
could
等
二、实义动词及用法
实义动词也叫行
为动词，是四类动词中唯一能独立作谓语的一类动词。根据其句
法功能可以分为及物动词
和不及物动词两类。
1
、及物动词
及物动词本身意义不够完整，需要后接宾语才能使其意思完整。
1
）动词
+
< br>宾语，构成主谓宾句型。
例如：
Could you please clean
the blackboard?
请你擦黑板好吗？
We learn English every
day.
我们每天学习英语。
2<
/p>
）动词
+
直接宾语
+to/for+
间接宾语
/
动
词
+
间接宾语
+
直接宾语，构成主谓双宾句
型。有的动词必须在后面带表示人的间接宾语和表示物的直
接宾语，即两个宾语才能
表达完整的意思。
例如：
Who teaches
you English?
谁教你们英语？
Please pass me the book.=
Please pass the book to
me.
请把那本书递给我。
My mother bought me a snow globe on my birthday.
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= My mother bought a snow
globe for me on my birthday.
我过生日时我妈买给我一个雪球。
常见的带双宾语的动词有：
pass, give,
bring, buy, get, leave, lend, make, cook, teach,
tell, write, read, return, ask,
show
等。
3
）动词
+
宾语
+
< br>宾语补足语，构成主谓复宾句型。有的动词必须在宾语后再加上
形容词、副词、名
词、不定式、
-ing
形式、介词短语等做宾语补足语，构成复
合宾
语，句子意思才能够表达完整。
例如：
Please keep the door
open.
请让门开着。（形容词
open
< br>做宾补）
I often see
the children play in the park
。我经常看见孩子们在
公园里玩。（不
带
to
的不定式
play
做宾补）
.
You can call me Mrs
Jones.
你们可以称呼我琼斯夫人。（名词
Mrs
Jones
做宾
补）
动词
see, hear, watch, make,
let, have, notice, find
等经常以动词不定式或
-ing
形式做
宾补。
2
、不及物动词
< br>1
）不及物动词自身意思完整，无需再接宾语。
例如：
Horses run
fast
。马儿跑得快。
He sings well.
他唱得好。
2
）很多不及物动词也可以用作及物动词，还有的不及物动词后带上某个介词就
成
了带宾语的及物动词。
例如：
They are reading.
他们在朗读。（
read
为不及物动词）
They are reading
English.
他们在朗读英语。（
read
为及物动词）
作者：
非成败
作品编号：
92032155GZ5715475102
时间：
2020.12.13
He is waiting at the bus stop.
他在公交车站等。（
wait
为不及物动词）
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He is waiting for me at the
bus stop.
他在公交车站等我。（
wait for<
/p>
为及物动
词，带
me
做宾语）
三、连系动词
连系动词本身有词义，但不能单独作谓语，必须和其后面的表语一起构成合成谓
语，说明主语的性质、特征、状态或身份。
常见的连
系动词有
be
，
become
（变得、成为），
get
（变得），
look
（看起<
/p>
来），
seem
（似乎、好像），
turn
（变得），
sound
（听起来），
smell
（闻起来），
taste
（尝起来），
feel
< br>（摸起来）等。除
be
以外的连系动词大多数时候是实义
动词，他
们用作连系动词时多数没有进行时态，也没有被动语态。
例如：
He is
angry.
他生气了。
He got angry at the
news.
听到这个消息他生气了。
That sounds good.
那听起来不错。
Trees turn green when spring
comes.
春天来临，树叶转绿。
China is getting stronger and
stronger.
中国正变得越来越强大。
四、助动词
助动词本身没有词义或意
思不完整，不能单独作谓语。它们的主要作用是帮助构
成时态、语态、疑问句或否定句等
。
1
、助动词
be
（
am, is, are, was,
were
）
1)
be+doing
（现在分词）
,
构成进行时
例如：
They are listening to mus
ic.
他们在听音乐。（
be
的现在时
形式帮助构成现在进
行时）
They were walking down the street when the UFO lan
ded.
（
be
的过去时形式帮助构<
/p>
成过去进行时）
2
）
be+done
（及物动词的过去分词）
,
构成被动语态
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例如：
The
light bulb was invented by Thomas Edison.
电灯泡是由托马斯
.
爱迪生发明
的
。（
be
的过去时形式帮助构成过去时的被动语态）
The classroom is
cleaned every day.
教室每天打扫。（
be
的现在时形式帮助构成现
在时的被动语态）
The problem will be
solved next week.
这个问题将在下周得到解决。（
< br>be
的将来时
形式帮助构成将来时的被动语态）
2
、
have
(has, had)
1
）
h
ave/has/had+done
（动词的过去分词），构成完成时态。
例如：
They have already done
their homework.
他们已经完成作业。（
hav
e+
过去分词
构成现在完成时）
He
hasn
’
t come yet.
他
还没有回来。（
has+
过去分词构成现在完成时）
The bus had gone
when I got to the bus stop.
我到达车站时公交车已经离
开。
（
had+
过去分词构成过去完成
时）
2
）
have/has/had+been+doing
（动词的现在分词），构成完成
进行时态。
例如：
How long have you been
collecting
shells?
你收集贝壳有多长时间了？
He has been studying
English since five years ago.
他从
< br>5
年前开始就一直在学习英
语。
3
、助动词
do/ does/
did
助动词
do/
does/ did
主要帮助构成疑问句，也可用于倒装句、强调句或代替上文提到
过的行为等。他们的否定式
don
’
t/ doesn
’
t/ didn
’
t
帮助构成否定句。
例如：
Does he
often play sports after
school?
他经常放学后做运动吗？
We don
’
t
speak Japanese.
我们不说日语。
Did they visit the Palace
Museum on their last day off?
他们上个休息日参观故
宫了
吗？
She
didn
’
t watch TV yesterday
evening.
她昨晚上没看电视。
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4
、助动词
will, shall,
would, should
助动词
will, shall
主要用
于构成一般将来时，其中
will
可用于各人称，而
shall
一般只
用于第一人称。
would
，
should
是
will
，
shall
的过去式，可以用于构成过去将来时，但
很多时候被用作情态动词。
例如：
There will be more trees
and less pollution in the future.
将来会有更多
的树木，更
少的污染。（帮助构成一般将来时）
Shall we go to the park on the
weekend?
我们周末去公园好吗？（一般将来时，用于
提
出建议）
They said they
would come the next day.
他们说他们第二天来。（帮助构成
过去将来
时）
Would you mind my turning down the radio?
你介意我关小收音机吗？（用于礼貌地
提出建议）
You should lie down and rest.
你应该躺下休息。（用于提供建议）
5
、情态动词
can, may,
must, might, could
等
情态动词具有一定的词义，用以表达说话人的态度或情感
，必须和后面的实义动词一
起构成合成谓语。（请详见专题七
情态动词）
实战演练
(2
×
30)
计分
:
1 Good news, boys! There is going to
______ a basketball match next week.
A.
have B. has C. be
2 Kangkang
hardly has lunch at school on Sunday, ________?
A. does he B. has he C. doesn’t
he
3 You had a good time
during the May Day holiday, _______ you?
A. hadn’t B. didn’t C.
haven’t
4
---
She’s back from Australia, _________
she?
---Yes, she came back last
night.
A. wasn’t B. hasn’t C.
isn’t
5 Linda, please
______ these flowers ______ the classroom.
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