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大同家教网高中英语专题练习
让大同的每个孩子都能找的起家庭教师
虚
拟
语
气
第一节
语气
英语的动词一般可带有三种
不同的语气：陈述语气（
Indicative Mood
）
，祈使语气
(Imperative
Mood)
和虚拟语气（
Subjunctive Mood
）
。不同的语气用动词的不同形式（有的
还借助句法形式）来表示。
第二节
虚拟语气的概念
虚拟语气是一种
特殊的动词形式，一是用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，
而是一种假
设、猜测、怀疑等
(
在条件从句中或让步状语从句中
)
；一是表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、
建议等
(
在宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句
)
。
NO
TE
：使用虚拟条件句要注意的几点：
１．当条件状语从句表示的行为和
主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为：错综时
间条件句
“
，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整．
If
you
had
followed
my
advice
,
you
would
be
better
now.
如果你听我的建议，你现在就会痊愈了．
２．在条件句中，可省略
if
，把
were
,had,
should
提到句首，变为倒装句式．
If
you
had
come
earlier,
you
would
have
met
him.
Had
you
come
earlier,
you
would
have
met
him.
第四节
虚拟语气在名词从句中的运用
一、虚拟语气在主语从句中
A.
在句型
“It is
important (necessary,
strange, natural)
that ....”
中，表示某
事重要、
奇怪、自然、必要等；
that
后面的从句中的谓语动词用：
should
+
动词原形
（
should
可以省略）
例如：
It
’
s
important
that
we
should
take
good
care
of
the
patient.
重要
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的是我们要照顾好病人。
这类的形容词还有
advisable
（可取的
）
，
appropriate
（适当的
）
，
compulsary
（必须的）
，
crucial
（关键的）
，
desirable
（理想的）
，
essential
（必要的）
< br>，
imperative
（迫切的）
，
important(
重要的
)
，
possible
（可能的）
，
preferable
（更好的）
，
probable
（可能的）
，
strange
（奇怪的）
，
urgent
（急迫的）
，
vital
（极为重要的）等。
B
Itis demanded/suggested/ordered/require
d/recommended/requested/required/.
that-
clause
句型中从句用
(should
)+
动词原型，表示愿望，建议，请
求等主观意愿等。
It
is
demanded
that
we
should
work
out
a
plan.
C.
It
is
a
pity/a
shame/
no
wonder
proposal/recommendati
on/suggestion/surprise/advice
that…
句型中从句也常用
(should
)+
动词原型
,
表示建议，命令，请求，道歉，怀疑，惊奇等。
It
’
s
a
pity
that
you
(should)
miss
a
good
chance.
二、用于宾语从句
用于表示命令、建议、要求等一类词后面的宾语从句。
insist,
suggest,
order,
command,
advise,
propose,
require,
request,
demand,
desire
etc.
注意：
suggest
当表示
“
暗示、表明
“<
/p>
讲时，
insist
表示
”
坚持认为
“
之意时，应用陈述语气。
The
teacher
suggested
that
we
should
clean
the
blackboard
after
class.
老师建议
我们课后把黑板擦了。
The
smile
on
his
face
suggested
that
he
was
satisfied
with
our
work.
他脸
上的表情表明他对我们的工作很满意．
He
insisted
that
all
of
us
be
there
on
time
by
any
means.
< br>他坚持要求我们
大家想尽办法按时去那里。
The
man
insisted
that
he
had
never
stolen
the
money.
那个人坚持说他没有偷
钱．
三、用于表语从句和同位语从句
在
suggestion
/
proposal
/
order
/
plan
/
advice
/
idea
/
request
/desire/
recommendation/resolution
<
/p>
等名词后的表语和同位语从句中要用
“should
＋动词原形
”
should
可以省略．
My
advice
is
that
you
should
practice
speaking
English
as
often
as
possible.
我的建议是你要尽可能经常地练习说英语。
The
suggestion
that
the
mayor
should
present
the
prizes
was
accepted
by
everyone.
每个人都接受由市长颁发奖金这一建议。
第五节
虚拟语气在其他从句中
1.
It
is
(high
/
about
)
time
that…
从句中的谓语动词用过去式或
should
＋动词<
/p>
原形，
should
不能省略．
It
’
s
high
time
we
went
to
the
laboratory.
该是我们去实验室的时候了。
2.
If
only
引导的感叹句（要是．
．
．该有多好啊；但愿
)
；
2.1
表示与现在或未来事实相反的愿望。
用过去时或
would/could+
动词原形表示；
If
only
you
listened
to
us!
要是你听我们的话该多好啊！
2.2
与过去事实相反的愿望，用过去完成时。例如：
If
only
I
had
listened
to
the
doctor
’
s
advice!
我要是听了医生的话就好了。
3.
would
rather
，
would
sooner,
would
as
soon,would
prefer
+
从句
<
/p>
也常用
虚拟语气，表示宁愿、但愿之意。这种虚拟语气表示的不是
与事实相反的假设，而是一种尚未
实现的愿望
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3.1
表示现在或将来的情况：
在上述词后
+
主语
+
动词过去时。例如：
I
would
rather
you
left
today.
我宁愿你今天走。
I
would
sooner
my
daughter
attended
a
public
school.
但愿我的女儿能上公立学校。
I
would
prefer
he
didn
’
t
stay
here
too
long.
我倒希望他不要在这儿待得太久。
3.2
表示过去的情况，在上述词后
+
主语<
/p>
+
动词过去完成时。
例如：
I
would
rather
I
hadn
’
t
seen
that
film
yesterday.
我宁愿昨天没有看那场电影。
4.
as
if
(
as
though)
看起来
even
if
(
even
though)
即使
常用虚拟形式，
其
< br>构成形式与
wish
后宾语从句里的虚拟语气的构成形式
相同，表示与现在事实相反（从句意上
判断）
，用过去式；与过
去事实相反用过去完成式
(had
done)
，
would/could
+
动词原形。
例如：
The
football
fans
of
act
as
if
they
were
crazy.
那些足球迷们经常就
像疯了似
的。
（
act
与
were
发生在同一时间平面上）
< br>
He
often
talks
about
London
as
though
he
had
been
there.
(had
been
there
发生在
< br>talkes
之前
)
他常常谈起伦敦，就好像他去过那里似的。
She
often
talks
and
talks
as
if
she
would
never
stop.
(would
never
stop
后
于
talks
and
talks
发生
)
她常常讲起来没完没了。
5.
虚拟语气在
in
order
that,so
that,in
case
，
lest
，
for
fear
that
引导的目的状语从
句中的应用，从句中的谓语动词用
＋动词原形<
/p>
或
＋动词原形<
/p>
。在以
lest
引导的从句中，谓语动词用
＋动词原形
。
例如：
He
took
his
raincoat
with
him
in
case
it
should
rain.
他拿上了雨衣以防下雨。
He
was
punished
lest
he
should
make
the
same
mistake
again.
他被处以惩罚以免他再犯。
He
put
his
coat
over
the
child
for
fear
that
he
(should)
catch
cold.
他把外套给孩子穿上以防孩子感冒。
后面的宾语从句中，
一般用虚拟语气
，表示一种不可能实现的愿望。其谓语动词
形式为：
表现在
过去时
(
表
示与主句的谓语动词同时存在或先于主句谓语动词存在的与事
实相反的愿望
)
I wish I
were
a
bird.
（
were
与
wish
发生在同一时间平面上）
表过去
过去完成时
（从句的谓语动词先于主句的谓语动词发生或存在，
(that)+
主语
+had+
动词的过去分词）
I
wish
you
had
come
to
our
Christmas
party.
表将来
would,
might,
could
＋动词原形
（从句的谓语动词后于主句的谓语动词发生或
存在）
I
wish
that
the
rain
could
stop
soon.
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虚拟语气专项练习
1. Jack
wishes that he _____ business instead of history
when he was in university.
A. studied
B. had been studying
C. study
D. had studied
2. The millions of calculation
involved, had they been done by hand, _____ all
practical value by the
time they were
finished.
A. had lost
B. would lose
C. would have lost
D. should have lost
3. It is essential that
these application forms _____ back as early as
possible.
A. must be sent
B. are sent
C. will be sent
D. be sent
. It is important that the hotel
receptionist _____ that guests are registered
correctly.
A. has made sure
B. must make sure
C. made sure
D. make sure
5. It was essential that the
application forms _____ back before the deadline.
A. must be sent
B. be sent
C. would be sent
D. were sent
6. It
’
s
necessary _____ the dictionary immediately.
A. that he will return
B. that he return C. that he returned
D.
that he has to return
7. It is
important that enough money _____ to fund the
project.
A. be collected
B. was
collected
C.
must be collected
D. can be collected
8. I don
’
t think
it advisable that Tom _____ to the job since he
has no experience.
A. is
assigned
B.
be assigned
C.
will be assigned
D. has been assigned
9. The suggestion that the
mayor _____ the prizes was accepted by everyone.
A. would present
B. present
C. ought to present
D. presents
10. We are all for your proposal that
the discussion _____.
A. be
put off
B.
should put off C. was put off
D. is to put off
11. You _____ him so
closely; you should have kept your distance.
A. shouldn
’
t have been following
B.
mustn
’
t follow
C. couldn
’
t have
been following
D.
shouldn
’
t follow
12. The manager would
rather his daughter _____ in the same office.
A. does not work
B. had not worked
C. not to work
D. did not work
13. Wouldn
’
t you rather your child _____ to bed
early?
A. go
B.
would go
C. went
D. goes
14. I
’
d rather you _____ make any comment on
the issue for the time being.
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A. don
’
t
B.
didn
’
t
C.
wouldn
’
t
D.
shouldn
’
t
15. Mike
’
s uncle
insists _____ in this hotel.
A. staying not
B. that he would not stay
C. not to stay
D.
that he not stay
16.
As
Commander-
in-Chief
of
the
armed
forces,
I
have
directed
that
all
measures
____
for
our
defense.
A. had
been taken
B. be taken
C. would be
taken
D. to be taken
17. The manager of the
hotel requests that their guests _____ after 11:00
p.m.
A. not to play loud
music
B. don
’
t play
loud music
C.
shouldn
’
t play loud music
D. couldn
’
t play
loud music
18. We desire
that the tour leader ____ us immediately of any
change in plans.
A. inform
B.
informs
C. informed
D. has informed
19. He suggested _____ to
tomorrow
’
s exhibition
together.
A. us to go
B.
we shall go
C.
we went
D. we go
20.
Sometimes I wish I _____ in a different time and a
different place.
A. be
living
B.
would live
C.
were living
D.
would have lived
21. I wish I _____
longer this morning, but I had to get up and come
to class.
A. could have
slept
B. might have
slept
C. slept
D. have slept
22. Jean doesn
’
t want to work right away because she
thinks that if she _____ a job she probably
wouldn
’
t be able
to see her friends very often.
A. has to get
B. had got
C. were to get
D. could have got
23. If the whole operation
_
beforehand, a great deal
of time and money would have been lost.
A. was not planned
B. had not been planned
C. has not been planned
D.
were not planned
24. Had he
worked harder, he _____ the exams.
A. must have got through
B. would get through
C. would have got through
D. could get
through
25. _____ before we
depart the day after tomorrow, we should have a
wonderful dinner party.
A.
Had they arrived
B. Were they
arriving C. Would they arrive
D. Were they to
arrive 26.
_____ right now, she would
get there on Sunday.
A.
Would she leave
B. Were she
to leave C. If she leaves D. If she had left
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27. _____ for my illness I would have
lent him a helping hand.
A.
Not being
B. Without being
C. Had it not been
D. Not
having been
28. _____ for
your laziness, you could have finished the
assignment by now.
A. Had
it not been
B.
Weren
’
t it C. It were not
D. Had not it
been
29. If it _____ too
much trouble, I
’
d love a
cup of tea.
A.
isn
’
t
B.
weren
’
t
C. wasn
’
t
D. hadn
’
t been
30. If I hadn
’
t stood under the ladder to catch you
when you fell, you _____ now.
A. wouldn
’
t be
smiling B. won
’
t smile C.
couldn
’
t have smiled
D. didn
’
t smile
31. We
didn
’
t know his telephone
number; otherwise we _____ him.
A. would have telephoned
B. would telephone
C. must have telephoned
D.
had telephoned
32. He must
have had an accident, or he _____ then.
A. would have been here
B.
should be here C. had to be here
D.
would be here
33. Some
women ____ a good salary in a job instead of
staying home, but they decided not to work
for the sake of the family.
A. must make
B. should have made
C. would make
D. could have
made
34. We _____ to start
our own business, but we never had enough money.
A. have hoped
B. had hoped C. would hope
D. should hope
35. The mad man was put in
the soft-padded cell lest he _____ himself.
A. injure
B. injured C.
had injured
D.
would injure
36.
’
s high time you _______
that you are not the most important person in
the world
A.
realized
B.
realize C. have realized
D.
should realize
37.
It
’
s already 5
o
’
clock now.
Don
’
t you think
it
’
s about time _____ ?
A. we are going home
B. we went home C. we go home
D. we can go home
38. If only the committee
_____ the regulations and put them into effect as
soon as possible.
A.
approve
B. can approve C. will approve
D. would
approve
39. Look at the terrible
situation I am in! If only I _____ your advice.
A. follow
B. would follow
C. had followed
D. have followed
40. I
’
m sure he
is up to the job ____ he would give his mind to
it.
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A. if only
B. in case C. until
D.
unless
虚拟语气历年高考题
1. Sorry, I am too busy
now. If I ____ time, I would certainly go for an
outing with you.
A. have
had
B. had had
C. have
D. had
2. If my car ____ more
reliable, I would have driven to Lasa instead of
flying last summer.
A. was
B.
had been
C.
should be
D.
would be
3. We ____ the
difficulty together, but why
didn
’
t you tell me?
A. should face
B. might face
C.
could have faced
D. must have faced
4. We lost our way in that small
village, otherwise we ____ more places of interest
yesterday.
A. visited
B.
had visited
C. would visit
D. would have visited
5. Grace doesn
’
t
want to move to New York because she thinks if she
____ there, she wouldn
’
t be
able to see her parents very often.
A. lives
B.
would live
C.
having asked
D.
were to live
6. But for the
help of my English teacher, I ____ the first prize
in the English Writing Competition. A.
would not win
B. would not have won
C. would win
D. would have
won
7. Thank you for all
your hard work last week. I
don
’
t think we ____ it
without you.
A. can manage
B. could have managed
C. could manage
D. can have managed
8. _____ fired,
your health care and other benefits will not be
immediately cut off.
A.
Would you be
B.
Should you be
C. Could you be
D. Might you be
9. --- Do you mind if I
open the window? --- ____ I feel a bit cold.
A. Of course not.
B.
I
’
d rather you
didn
’
t.
C. Go ahead.
D. Why not?
10.
It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing
today if I ____ in love, at the age of seven,
with the Melinda Cox Library in my
hometown.
A.
wouldn
’
t have fallen
B.
had not fallen
C. should fall
D. were to fall
11. What would have happened ____, as
far as the riverbank?
A.
Bob had walked farther
B.
if Bob should walk farther
C. had Bob walked farther
D. if Bob walked farther
12. He hesitated for a
moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he ____
a goal.
A. had scored
B. scored
C. would score
D.
would have scored
13. If
only he ____ quietly as the doctor instructed, he
wouldn
’
t suffer so much
now.
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