-
2019
-
2020
学年北京市西城区高三（上）期末英语试卷
< br>一、阅读理解（本大题共
15
小题，共
< br>30.0
分）
A
Most Helpful Apps for Students There's
almost an app for everything
nowadays
，
and
this can
make student life
easier
，
cheaper
，
safer and
more fun
．
Whether
you want help with taking
notes
< br>，
revising
，
waki
ng up on time or keeping
fit
，
read on for our student
app picks
．
Lecture recording apps
Just a few years
ago
，
students
attending lectures would have to spend the entire
time writing
wildly on
notepads
，
in
order not to miss any vital bit of
information
．
Then
along came
technology
，
and now
，
lecture recording apps are a
reality
．
Sound Note is a popular lecture
recording app for iPad
users
．
You can
store an entire lecture
in both visual
and audio form
．
Other good quality lecture recording
apps include Notes Plus
and Audio Memos
Free-The Voice Recorder
．
Student planner apps
Organization is key for
success and well-being at
university
，
and
student planner apps are
becoming
increasingly popular
．
As well as saving on
paper
，
many
student planner apps also
send
reminders and warnings straight to your phone or
device
．
Popular
student planner apps
include
Timetable
，
My
Class Schedule and Class
Timetable
．
Student safety apps
A number of apps for students have been
developed promoting personal safety if out alone
at
night
．
The
Circle of Six app is particularly useful for
locating lost friends on nights out and also
allows users to send their circle of
six friends an instant call for help at the touch
of a
button
．
The GPS tracker will mark your location
on your friends
，
ensuring you'll
always be
able to find one another if
necessary
．
Other
student apps that promote safety include
bSafe and React
Mobile
．
Healthy eating apps
If you're interested in eating
healthily while keeping to a student
budget
，
consider downloading
a few healthy eating
apps
．
Examples
I've come across which are perfect apps for
students
include Rockin
Ramen
，
a student app
featuring a number of nutritious recipes with
Ramen as
第
1
页，共
21
页
a
main ingredient
，
and MealBoard
，
an app which plans healthy
meals
，
grocery
shops and
recipes based on what you've
got in the fridge
．
1.
Which apps
send reminders to users
？
______
A.
Student planner
apps
．
C.
Student safety
apps
．
B.
Lecture recording
apps
．
D.
Healthy eating
apps
．
2.
What can we
learn about the Circle of Six
app
？
______
A.
It allows
users to seek help during an
emergency
．
B.
It encourages users to communicate with
friends
．
C.
It enables users to store an entire
lecture
．
D.
It helps users to lead a healthy
life
．
3.
The main
purpose of the passage is to ______
．
A.
categorize apps
C.
evaluate apps
B.
introduce apps
D.
compare apps
B
Jeremy
Locke
，
who owns a
roofing and construction company in Glace
Bay
，
Nova
Scotia
，
had always been
wanting to repair the roof of Jeanette MacDonald's
home
．
Whenever he drove
past the woman's
home
，
he assumed
that the roof was under repair because the job had
already
been taken on by another group
of repairmen-but as the weeks wore
on
，
the roof
continued to
worsen without any signs
of repair
．
，
I'd be more
than happy
to
，
．
When Locke finally reached out to
MacDonald about fixing her roof for free
，
however
，
she
politely declined his
offer because she did not like to accept
charity
．
That being
said
，
she had
already applied for a government grant
（补助金）
to fix the
roof and she said she was more
than
happy to hire Locke once her grant application was
approved
．
Unfortunately
，
MacDonald never received the
approval
．
As the stubborn
（
固执的）
Canadian senior refused to accept any
assistance from Locke
，
the sympathetic construction worker
played an innocent trick in order to get her to
accept his
help
．
He invited MacDonald to enter a raffle
（抽奖活动）
that his business was
holding for
a free
roof
．
After the
grandmother - of - four accepted one of the raffle
tickets
，
Locke
told her
that she was the winner-
because she was the only one who had entered the
raffle
．
Thanks to his sweet little
plan
，
Locke and
his crew are starting work on the roof this
week
，
第
2
页，共
21
页
which is expected to cost his
company about
＄
9
，
000
．
MacDonald
，
meanwhile
，
told CBC that she doesn't know how to
express her gratitude to
Locke
，
saying that
he is her
．
，
．
4.
What did Locke desire to do for
MacDonald
？
A.
Repair her roof
．
C.
Run a
charity
．
B.
Find a repairman
．
D.
Raise
money
．
5.
Why did
MacDonald refuse Locke's offer
initially
？
A.
She didn't trust
him
．
B.
She had won a
raffle
．
C.
She didn't like free
help
．
D.
She had got an official
grant
．
6.
How did Locke
finally make MacDonald change her
mind
？
A.
He persuaded her to give up her
application
．
B.
He invited her to enter his
business
．
C.
He gave her about
＄
9
，
000
．
D.
He told her a white
lie
．
7.
Which of the
following words best describe
Locke
？
A.
Stubborn and
tricky
．
C.
Determined and warm-
hearted
．
B.
Wealthy and
innocent
．
D.
Different and
ambitious
．
C
What is the most meaningless thing
every Texan will do at the same time this
weekend
？
You guessed it
．
We will
of daylight saving
time
．
This strange practice has an
interesting history
．
In 1784
，
Benjamin
Franklin published a
critical essay in
a French newspaper suggesting that Parisians could
save
＄
200 million
through
．
Therefore
，
many people owe
the origin
of the idea of daylight saving time to our
Founding Father's writings
．
In the United
States
，
the clock-
changing practice began just over 100 years
ago
，
in
1918
，
when
Congress
decided to control time by
passing the Standard Time Act to save energy and
create time
zones
．
Back then
，
coal was our top energy source and
ensuring that Americans had more
daylight working hours made
sense
．
第
3
页，共
21
< br>页
In
2008
，
the U
．
S
．
Department of Energy
assessed the effect of observing daylight saving
time
on national energy
consumption
．
It found that
resetting our clocks amounts to a reduction in
our total energy consumption of
0.02%
．
The study also
determined that sticking with one time
could actually save about 0.5% of
electricity per day
nationwide
．
Apart from
this
，
the risk of
heart attack increases 10% in the days
following springing
forward
，
most likely caused
by the
interruption of biological
rhythms
．
Studies also
indicate we are more likely to get
sick
，
we are
less
productive
，
and frankly we
are just exhausted directly following the time
change
．
It is hard to explain why we still
change our clocks
．
Perhaps it is due to special
interests
．
Congress passed
the Energy Act of 2005
，
which
extended the length of daylight
saving
time an extra week in the
fall
，
in large
part due to an effort by candy producers to allow
for an additional daylight hour on the
night of Halloween for trick -or -
treating
．
This May
，
we sought to end this ancient
practice
．
It would have
allowed Texans to vote
whether to stay
on standard time year-round or daylight saving
time year-round
．
Our proposal
passed the House
（众议院）
133-9
．
Sadly
，
once the bill reached the Senate
（参议院）
，
it was
never referred to a
committee
．
The proposal died
in the Senate without even a word
spoken about it on the
floor
．
I'm moving forward with plans to file
the legislation
（立法）
again in 2021
．
I urge you to
contact your
state legislators to move this legislation forward
so that this weekend will be one
of the
last times we have to
．
8.
The possible origin of the idea of
daylight saving time is ______
．
A.
the ancient legal act
B.
the influence of other countries
C.
the need for time zones
D.
the advice from a famous
politician
9.
What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk
about
？
______
A.
The reasons
for health problems
．
B.
The downsides of setting
clocks back
．
C.
The changes in energy
consumption
．
D.
The solutions to electricity
shortages
．
10.
It can be
inferred from the last two paragraphs that ______
．
A.
daylight saving time will last for
another two years
B.
the
author will continue what he has been doing
第
4
页，共
21
页
C.
Texans
voted for standard time year-round
D.
state legislators are for the proposal
11.
The passage
aims to ______
．
A.
analyze the practice of
daylight saving time
B.
explain the consequences of daylight
saving time
C.
convince
people of the necessity of daylight saving time
D.
persuade people to make
efforts to stop daylight saving time
D
According to a new
study
，
teens
focus on rewards and have a hard time learning to
avoid
punishment or consider the
consequences of alternative
actions
．
University College London researchers
compared how teens and adults learn to make
choices
based on the available
information
．
They tracked the
way in which 18 volunteers aged 12-17
and 20 volunteers aged 18-32 completed
tasks in which they had to choose between abstract
symbols
．
Each symbol was
consistently associated with a fixed chance of a r
eward
，
punishment
，
or no
outcome
．
As the trial progressed
，
participants
learned which symbols were likely to lead to
each outcome and adjusted their choices
accordingly
．
Teens and adults were equally good at
learning to choose symbols associated
with reward
，
but
teens were less good at avoiding
symbols associated with
punishment
．
Adults also
performed significantly better when they
were told what would have happened if
they had chosen the other symbol after each
choice
，
while
teens did not appear to take this information into
account
．
years
．
We find
that teens and adults learn in different
ways
，
something
that might be relevant
to education
，
．
Stefano
Palminteri
．
，
teens are not so
good at
learning to adjust their choices to avoid
punishment
．
This
suggests that incentive
systems based
on reward rather than punishment may be more
effective for this age
group
．
Additionally
，
we found that teens did not learn from
being shown what would have
happened if
they made alternative
choices
．
To interpret the
results
，
the
researchers developed computational models of
learning and ran
simulations
（模拟）
applying them to the
results of the study
．
The
first was a simple model
，
one that learned from
rewards
，
and the
second model added to this by also learning from
the
option that was not
chosen
．
The third model was
the most complete and took the full context
第
5
页，共
21
页
into
account
，
with
equal weight given to punishment avoidance and
reward seeking
．
For
example
，
obtaining no outcome rather than losing
a point is weighted equally to gaining a
point rather than having no
outcome
．
Comparing the experimental data to the
models
，
the team
found that teens
the simple reward-based
model while adults
，
contextual
model
．
punishments of equal
value
，
．
Sarah-Jayne
Blakemore
．
，
it
may be useful for parents and teachers to frame
things in more positive terms
．
12.
It can be
learned from the study that ______
．
A.
adults made choices faster than teens
B.
adults understood rewards
better than teens
C.
teens
reacted better to reward than punishment
D.
teens were aware of the
outcome of each choice
13.
What do we know about the three
computational models
？
______
A.
They reflected people's strong desire
for punishment avoidance
．
B.
They gave circumstances
different degrees of
consideration
．
C.
They paid equal attention to reward and
punishment
．
D.
They shaped the behavior of people at
different ages
．
14.
The
underlined word
．
A.
accustomed
B.
opposed
C.
sympathetic
D.
responsive
15.
According to the
writer
，
which of
the following statements works best for
teens
？
______
A.
，
you
will lose ten points
．
B.
，
you
wouldn't have made the
mistake
．
C.
，
you
will get an extra
bonus
．
D.
，
you
can talk to your parents
．
二、阅读七选五（本大题共
5
小题，共
10.0
分）
Plogging Plogging is a new way to jog
while cleaning up the
planet
．
It's a
craze that began in
Sweden in 2016 and
the motivation behind it includes reducing the
load of plastic litter in our
environment
，
as
well as keeping fit while
running
．
(1)
．
If you love
outdoor exercise
，
enjoy
exercising with
others
，
and care about
removing litter from our
environment
，
then
this might
just be the sport for
you
．
第
6
页，共
21
页
Make good preparations
before plogging
．
Dress suitably for the environment in
which you are
running
．
This will vary depending on the weather
and surroundings
，
but the basics are
comfortable running clothes and closed-
toe running shoes
．
Suitable gloves are a wise and
useful addition
，
as picking up litter can be dangerous
in some situations
．
(2) This might be
a standard
trash bag
，
easy
to carry and capable of containing litter that
might have sharp edges
．
Organize your plogging
group
．
If you're
lucky enough to have ploggers already in your
area
，
seek them
out
．
Join up and
make new friends with a shared
interest
．
Check
out such meeting
groups at Meetup or
ask at a local sports store to find out what
opportunities exist where you
live
．
If you don't
have a group
，
create one
．
Use social media
，
notices on bulletin
boards
，
or place
signs in the windows of sports stores to find
fellow ploggers
．
(3)
．
Collect safely
．
One key suggestion for staying safe
while collecting litter is to avoid picking
up broken glass or sharp
items
．
If you
must collect such an item
，
only do so when you can
find
a very safe way to collect it without harming
yourself
．
If in
doubt
，
leave it
and get better
equipment to remove
it
．
(4) If an
item of litter presents a potential safety
risk
，
try to mark
the
item clearly to encourage people to
avoid it
．
(5)
．
It is a way of combining individual
achievement via exercise with community and
environmental
care
．
You're part
of the growing movement of people who are giving
back to
the world at the same time as
honoring self care
，
a sustainable and healthy way to
balance your
life
．
This could be a fantastic opportunity
to show people that individual action makes a big
difference
．
A
．
Taking some
photos during the process is also
necessary
．
B
．
You can also
ask for assistance from the local
authorities
．
C
．
Usually
performed as part of a group
run
，
it's also a
social exercise
．
D
．
You also need
to find a suitable carry bag for collecting the
litter in
．
E
．
Plogging is a
great way to feel motivated as it has more than
one benefit
．
F
．
If you find a
natural area with litter
problem
，
this
might be a suitable place
．
G
．
With some
advertising effort
，
you are likely to connect with a few
interested people
．
16.
A.
A
E
B.
B
C.
C
D.
D
E.
F.
F
G.
G
17.
A.
A
E
B.
B
C.
C
D.
D
E.
F.
F
G.
G
第
7
页，共
21
页
18.
A.
A
E
B.
B
C.
C
D.
D
E.
F.
F
G.
G
19.
A.
A
E
B.
B
C.
C
D.
D
E.
F.
F
G.
G
20.
A.
A
E
B.
B
C.
C
D.
D
E.
F.
F
G.
G
三、完形填空（本大题共<
/p>
20
小题，共
30.0
< br>分）
Pam
Bales
，
an
experienced hiker
，
stepped onto snow-covered Jewell
Trail
．
The hike
up the
lower part of Jewell was
(21)
．
But less
than an hour later
，
the weather was showing its
teeth
．
Bales began to think about calling it a
day
．
Then she
noticed something
：
a single set
of (22) in the
snow ahead of her
．
She'd been(23)unclear tracks all day
and hadn't given them
much
(24)
，
because so
many people climb Jewell
Trail
．
But
these
，
as a
volunteer of the
Valley Search and
Rescue Team
，
she
(25)
，
had been
made by a pair of sneakers
，
which was
surely not for
this kind of trail
．
Strong wind
screamed
，
and(26)was just hours
away
．
If Bales
continued to follow the
tracks
，
she'd
add(27)to the journey
．
But the tracks ahead meant
someone might be
in(28)
．
Shecould
not let this go
．
She silently scolded the absent hiker
for
(29) normal safety rules and
struggled to walk carefully in the direction of
the (30)
．
After about 20 to 30
yards
，
she
rounded a corner and saw a man sitting
motionless
．
He
wore
tennis sneakers and a light
jacket
．
She
checked him for any sign of
(31)
．
There was
none
．
Bales had been trained in search and
rescue and knew that he was hypothermic
（体
and would
(32)soon if he didn't get out of
there
．
The man
said he had lost his way
温过低的）
and was
extremely(33)
．
Bales brought a pair of soft-shell
pants
，
a winter
hat
，
and a jacket
from her pack
．
She helped the man (34) the
warm
，
dry layers
onto his body and offered him
some hot
cocoa
．
(35)he
stood
．
She
offered continuous encouragement-
doing
great
．
．
m
．，
they arrived at the trailhead
very(36)
．
Her
climb up
to the spot where she(37) the
man had taken about four
hours
．
Two hours
had passed since
then
．
A week later
，
the president of Bales' rescue group
received a letter in the
mail
．
It
read
：
On Sunday October!
17
，
1 went up my
trail
，
Jewell
．
(38) was to be
bad
．
But without
thinking too much I was dressed to go
quickly
．
Next
thing I knew this lady was talking to
me
，
changing my
clothes
，
making
me warmer
．
She
just kept(39)me
．
Finally
，
I learned her name
was
Pam
．
The entire
time she treated me with compassion
（同情
心），
confidence
，
and
第
8
页，共
21
页
one hundred percent
commitment
…
In the nine years since she saved
John
，
Bales has become
something of a hiking
legend
（传
奇人物）．
It's
a
（
n
）
(40) she never sought or
wanted
，
but one
she certainly has earned
．
21.
A.
long
22.
A.
clothes
23.
A.
recording
24.
A.
response
25.
A.
realized
26.
A.
success
27.
A.
information
28.
A.
trouble
29.
A.
knowing
30.
A.
wind
31.
A.
power
32.
A.
recover
33.
A.
cold
34.
A.
pick
35.
A.
Unwillingly
36.
A.
tired
37.
A.
treated
38.
A.
Chance
39.
A.
praising
40.
A.
title
B.
boring
B.
tools
B.
following
B.
expectation
B.
suggested
B.
darkness
B.
interest
B.
control
B.
making
B.
tracks
B.
life
B.
escape
B.
starving
B.
pull
B.
Nervously
B.
stressed
B.
observed
B.
Sight
B.
encouraging
B.
fortune
C.
pleasant
C.
gloves
C.
covering
C.
thought
C.
admitted
C.
freedom
C.
risk
C.
doubt
C.
judging
C.
sound
C.
injury
C.
wake
C.
sleepy
C.
bring
C.
Immediately
C.
upset
C.
located
C.
Health
C.
excusing
C.
opportunity
D.
unforgettable
D.
footprints
D.
leaving
D.
hope
D.
remembered
D.
disaster
D.
pain
D.
touch
D.
breaking
D.
hikers
D.
loss
D.
die
D.
concerned
D.
carry
D.
Slowly
D.
scared
D.
protected
D.
Weather
D.
instructing
D.
option
四、语法填空（本大题共
1
小题，共
15.0
分）
41.
A Most
of us claim we don't have time for
exercise
．
However
，
many experts say that
exercise plays an important role in
making our body healthy
．
Being (1)
（
physical
）
active offers many
advantages
．
As a
physical reward
，
exercise can reduce weight and
the risk of heart
disease
．
Exercise
also (2)
good effects
mentally
．
It can
make
（
bring
）
us feel
refreshed and happy
，
helping
us increase our life
quality
．
Actually
，
exercise can
be done in
simple (3)
（
way
）．
For
example
，
we can
take the stairs rather than the
lift
．
Overall
，
it's hard to find time to exercise in
our busy lives
，
but every
little bit helps
．
B It's a popular belief
that fish can't remember anything (4) longer than
seven seconds
．
It
第
9
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may seem sad to think
that they don't remember what they've eaten or
where they've
been
．
But a recent
stud (5)
（
find
）
that a kind of fish called African
cichlids can
remember events from as
long as 12 days ago
．
Researchers trained the fish to go to a
certain area of their tank (6)
food
．
They then
waited for 12 days before (7)
（
get
）
（
put
）
them back in the tank
again
．
With the help of
computer software
，
they found the fish still
went to the same place where they first
got food
．
C In April 2017
，
two giant pandas from China arrived at
a zoo in the
Netherlands
．
There
，
they
（
8
）
______
（
welcome
）
to the
Chinese-style compound where they were to
live
．
On May
30
，
after the
preparations were complete
，
the day finally came (8) the pandas met
their
fans for the first
time
．
People were excited
because (9) zoo is the only place in the country
where it is possible to see
pandas
．
In
fact
，
the last
time there were pandas in the
Netherlands was in
1987
．
五、书面表达（本大题共
2
小题，共
35.0
< br>分）
42.
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华．
你的英国朋友
Jim
给你发邮件询问为什么北京能
举办
<
/p>
2022
年冬季奥运会．请根据下列要求，给他回复邮件，内容包
括：
1
．北京可以举办冬季奥运会的条件；
2
．邀请他届时来北京．
注意：
1
．词数不少于
50
；
2<
/p>
．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数．
提示词：冬奥会
Winter
Olympics
Dear
Jim
，
______________
．
Yours
，
Li Hua
43.
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华．
上周你们班组织了一次班会，
邀请去年毕业的同
学回校交流．请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇英文周
记，记述整个过程．
注意：词数不少于
60
．
____________
．
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10
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/p>
页
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