口译笔译 笔记法符号

1.

Note-taking

symbols

and

abbreviations

for

your reference: Abbreviations in Note taking

Use only the abbreviations that fit your needs

and

that

you

will

remember

easily.

A

good

idea

is

to

introduce

only

a

few

abbreviations

into your note taking at a time.

Symbols

helpful

in

math

--

these

are

commonly used in texts and references.

S

=

sum

f

=

frequency

Leave out periods in standard abbreviations.

cf

=

compare

e.g.

=

example

dept

=

department

Use only the first syllable of a word.

pol

=

politics

dem

=

democracy

lib

=

liberal

cap

=

capitalism

Use entire first syllable and only 1st letter of

2nd syllable.

pres

=

presentation

subj

=

subject

ind

=

individual

cons

=

conservative

Eliminate final letters. Use just enough of the

word to form a recognizable abbreviation.

assoc

=

associate

biol

=

biology

info

=

information

ach

=

achievement

chem

=

chemistry

max

=

maximum

intro =

introduction

conc

=

concentration

min

=

minimum

rep

=

repetition

Omit

vowels,

retain

only

enough

consonants

to give a recognizable skeleton of the word.

ppd

=

prepared

prblm

=

problem

estmt

=

estimate

bkgd

=

background

gvt

=

government

Use an apostrophe in place of letters.

am't

=

amount

cont'd

=

continued

gov't

=

government

educat'l

=

educational

Form

the

plural

of

a

symbol

or

abbreviated

word by adding s.

chpts

=

chapters

egs

=

examples

fs

=

frequencies

intros

=

introductions

Use g to represent ing endings.

ckg

=

checking

estg

=

establishing

decrg

=

decreasing

exptg

=

experimenting

Spell out short words such as in, at, to, but, for,

and key.

Abbreviations or symbols for short words will

make the notes too dense with shorthand.

Leave out unimportant words.

Leave out the words a and the.

If a term, phrase, or name is written out in full

during the lecture, substitute initials whenever

the

term,

phrase,

or

name

is

used

again.

For

example,

Center

for

Aerospace

Sciences

becomes CAS thereafter.

Use

symbols

for

commonly

recurring

connective or transitional words.

&

=

and

w/

=

with

w/o

=

without

vs

=

against

=

therefore

=

=

is or equal

Use technical symbols where applicable.

zb

=

German, for example

ibid

=

Latin, the same work

o

=

degrees

H2O

=

water

More reference:

Use

standard

maths,

accounting,

and

science

symbols. Examples:

+ plus

// parallel

Use standard abbreviations

and leave out full

stops. Examples:

eg example

IT dept Information Technology department

UK United Kingdom

Use

only

the

first

syllable

of

a

word.

Examples:

mar marketing

cus customer

cli client

Use the entire first syllable and the first letter

of the second syllable. Examples:

subj subject

budg budget

ind individual

To

distinguish

among

various

forms

of

the

same word, use the first syllable of the word,

an

apostrophe,

and

the

ending

of

the

word.

Examples:

tech'gy technology

gen'ion generalisation

del'y delivery

Use just enough of the beginning of a word to

form a recognisable abbreviation. Examples:

assoc associated

ach achievement

info information

Omit

vowels

from

the

middle

of

words,

retaining only enough consonants to provide a

recognisable skeleton of the word. Examples:

bkgd background

mvmt movement

prblm problem

Form

the

plural

of

a

symbol

or

abbreviated

word by adding 's.' Examples:

custs customers

fs frequencies

/s ratios

Use 'g' to represent 'ing' endings. Examples:

decrg decreasing

ckg checking

estblg establishing

Spell

out,

rather

than

abbreviate

short

words.

Examples:

in

but

as

key

Leave out unimportant verbs. Examples:

is

was

were

Leave out unnecessary articles. Examples:

a

an

the

If

a

term,

phrase,

or

name

is

initially

written

out in full during the talk or

meeting, initials

can be substituted whenever the term, phrase,

or name is used again. Example:

January Advertising Campaign Budget JACB

Use

symbols

for

common

connective

or

transition words. Examples:

@ at

2 to

4 for

& and

w/ with

w/o without

vs against

Create

your

own

set

of

abbreviations

and

symbols.

You

may

wish

to

develop

separate

sets of symbols and abbreviations for different

courses or subjects.

Other Symbols and Abbreviations

as a result of / consequences of <--->

resulting in --->

and / also +

equal to / same as =

following ff

most importantly *

less than <

greater than > especially esp/

一、

缩略词

英语当中缩略词使用的频率很高，如

IMP:

important, ASAP: as soon as possible

。

很显然

如果能熟练掌握缩略词，会对考试大 有裨

益。

缩略词的写法一般为四种方式：

F

拿掉所有元音

MKT: market

MGR: manager

MSG: message

STD: standard

RCV: receive

F

保留前几个字母

INFO information

INS insurance

EXCH exchange

I owe you IOU

In stead of I/O

F

保留开头和结尾个发音字母

WK week

RM room

PL people

F

根据发音

R are

THO though

THRU through

高级口译听力常用英语缩略词表

缩略词

原词

APT Apartment

ACC Accountant

ACDG According

ACPT Accept

AD Advertisement

ADS Address

ADV Advice

AMAP As much/many as possible

AMT Amount

APV Approve

ASAP As soon as possible

BAL Balance

BLDG Building

CERT Certificate

CFM Conform

CNCL Cancel

CNF Conference

CMI Commission

CMP Complete

CMPE Compete/competitive

CMU Communication

CONC Concern/concerning/concerned

COND Condition

CO. Company

DEPT Department

DISC Discount

DPT Departure

EXCH Exchange

EXPLN Explain

EXT Extent

FLT Flight

FNT Final

FRT Freight

FYR For your reference

GD Good

GUAR Guarantee

H.O. Home office

INFO Information

IMPS Impossible

IMP(T) Important

INCD Include

INDIV Individual

INS Insurance

INTST Interested

I/O In stead of

IOU I owe you

IVO In view of