-
。
完形填空
1
From childhood to old age, we all use
language as a means of broadening our
knowledge of ourselves and the world
about us. When humans first __1__ , they were like
newborn children, unable to use this
__2__ tool. Yet once language developed, the
possibilities for human kinds future
__3__ and cultural growth increased.
Many linguists
believe that evolution is __4__ for our ability to
produce and use
language. They __5__
that our highly evolved brain provides us __6__ an
innate language
ability not found in
lower __7__ . Proponents of this innateness theory
say that our __8__ for
language is
inborn, but that language itself develops
gradually, __9__ a function of the
growth of the brain during childhood.
Therefore there are critical __10__ times for
language
development.
Current __11__
of innateness theory are mixed, however, evidence
supporting the
existence of some innate
abilities is undeniable. __12__ , more and more
schools are
discovering that foreign
languages are best taught in __13__ grades. Young
children often
can learn several
languages by being __14__ to them, while adults
have a much harder time
learning
another language once the __15__ of their first
language have become firmly fixed.
__16__ some
aspects of language are undeniably innate,
language does not develop
automatically
in a vacuum. Children who have been __17__ from
other human beings do not
possess
language. This demonstrates that __18__ with other
human beings is necessary for
proper
language development. Some linguists believe that
this is even more basic to human
language __19__ than any innate
capacities. These theorists view language as
imitative,
learned behavior. __20__ ,
children learn language from their parents by
imitating them.
Parents gradually shape
their child's language skills by positively
reinforcing precise
imitations and
negatively reinforcing imprecise ones.
ted d ated
le
riate ient te
ments ility ainments ion
ial ble le
sible
m ce
zations sms en
ial mance ence
n
as
gical ical
logical
s nce
on endation
a word a
sense
other words
s
ent higher lower
ed d d ed
tions ions
tutions
gh
r
guished ent
ted ed
tion ison st
ction
ition iation
ement
ative
-
可编辑修改
-
。
a result all
other words
all
Cloze
Test
答案
1.B
此处意为:
当人类刚刚开始进化,
他们如同新生儿一样不会运用
语言这种工具。
evolved<
/p>
逐渐发展,进化符合题意。
generated
< br>生殖,发展;
born (bear
的过去分词
)
不能作谓语动词;
originated
p>
起源,不能用
first
修饰。
2.A
根据语法分析,答案应用来修饰语言的。
val
uable
珍贵的;
appropriate
< br>合适的,适当的;
convenient
方便的,便利的
;
favorite
最喜欢的。语言并不是人类选择的结果,而
是人类在进化过
程中慢慢发展起来的,对人类来说,应当是珍贵的。
3.A
此处意思是:语言的发展增加了人类未来的成就和文化
进步的可能性。
attainments
成就;
feasibility
可行性;
entertain
ments
娱乐;
evolution
进化。
4.D
此处意为
:
许多语言学家认为进化使人们产生和具备了语言的能力。固定短语
be
responsible for
对……负责,是……的原由。
其它选项不与
for
搭配。
5.C
根据语法分析,空格后应是一个宾语从句,而
A
,
B
,
D
三项后都不能接从句做直接宾语。
confirm(
确认<
/p>
)+
名词;
inform(
通知
) sth.
;
con
vince(
使某人确信
) sth.
6.D
固定搭配
provide sth.
意为“向
(
人
)
提供
(
物
)
”
7.B
此处意为:
我们高度发达的大
脑是我们具备了其它低等动物所不具备的语言能力。
显然,
这<
/p>
里是把人和低等动物相比较。因此选
organisms
有机体,生物体。
8.A
此句意思是:人类的语言能
力是与生俱来的,但语言本身也在逐渐发展,所以这种能力应
该是潜在的。
potential
潜力;
performance
履行;
preference
偏爱;<
/p>
passion
激情。
9.A
此句句义是:语言本身作为童年时期大脑生长的一种功能,其发展是缓慢的。
as (
作为,当
作
)<
/p>
合乎题意。
Like
作为介词的意思是“
像……一样”
。
10.B
此句意为:
语言的发展有一个关键期,
人体的成长是生物变化
的过程。
biological
生物的;
ideological
思想上的;
social
社会的;
psychological
心理的。<
/p>
11.A
此处意为:目前人们对“先天论”评论观点不一,但
是支持某些天生能力的证据却是确凿
无疑的。
reviews<
/p>
评论;
reference
参考;
reaction
反应;
recommend
ation
推荐。
12.C
从
11
题可看出,作者是倾向于先天论的,为了进一步证明先天论是有道理的,作者选择
了以学校为例加以说明,因此这里应填一个表示递进关系的词
I
ndeed(
甚至
)
。
13.D
此处意思是:越来越多的学校发现在什么年级学外语
较容易,根据常识
(
低年级学外语较
容
易
)
以及后文的
Young
children often can learn several languages by
being 14 to them, while
adults
…可以选定答案。
14.B
此处意为:
通过接触多种语
言,
孩子们可以学会好几种语言。
be exposed to
是固定搭配,
接触到。
reveal(
显露
) sb
,不合题意,因本题中的
them
指
languages
。其余选项不与
to
搭
配。
engage in
从事;
be
involved in
参与。
15.C
此句意思是:
一旦母语的规则被深深印入脑海中,
成年人就很
难再学好另一种语言。
rules
规则,规律;
regulations
规定;
formations
构成,构造;
constitutions
宪法,章程。
16.A
分析上下文的逻辑关系,
从句意思是:语言的某些方面肯定是先天的。主句意思是:语言
不会在与人隔绝的状况下
自行发展。前后应为转折关系。
17.D
此句意为:与人隔绝的儿
童不能掌握好一门语言。
isolated
孤立的,与人隔绝的
;
distinguished
区别的,杰出的;
different
不同的;
protected<
/p>
受到保护的。
18.D
此句总结前几句,意为:必须通过与他人交往,语言才能够发展。
interacti
on
相互作用;
exposition
暴露;
comparison
比较;
c
ontrast
对比。
19.A
根据分析,本句中的“<
/p>
this
”和“
even more
basic
”分别指代上句的“
interaction
with
other human beings
”和“
p>
necessary
”
,此处所填词对应上
文中的
language development
。也
就是说,
language acquisition
语言习得。
appreciation
欣赏,
感激;
requirement
要求;
alternative
转移,转变,转换。
-
可编辑修改
-
。
20.C
本句功能是以另一种方式解释前文中的“
imitative,
learned behavior.(
模仿性的后天行
为
p>
)
”
。
In
other words
换言之,换句话说;
As a
result
结果是;
After
all
毕竟;
Above
all
首先。
完形填空
2
Many students find the
experience of attending university lectures to be
a confusing and
frustrating experience.
The lecturer speaks for one or two hours, perhaps
__1__ the talk with
slides,
writing
up
important
information
on
the
blackboard,
__2__
reading
material
and
giving
out
__3__
.The
new
student
sees
the
other
students
continuously
writing
on
notebooks
and
__4__
what
to
often
the
student
leaves
the
lecture
__5__
notes
which
do
not
catch
the
main
points
and
__6__
become
hard
even
for
the
__7__
to
understand.
Most institutions provide
courses which __8__ new students to develop the
skills they
need
to
be
__9__
listeners
and
note-takers.
__10__
these
are
unavailable,
there
are
many
useful
study-skills guides which __11__ learners to
practice these skills 12 .In all cases it is
important to __13__ the problem __14__
actually starting your studies.
It is important
to __15__ that most students have difficulty in
acquiring the language
skills __16__ in
college way of __17__ these difficulties is to
attend the language
and study-skills
classes which most institutions provide throughout
the __18__ r
basic __19__ is to find a
study partner __20__ it is possible to identify
difficulties, exchange
ideas and
provide support.
ing
rating
ming
ting
uting
buting
buting
ning
-
可编辑修改
-
。
ments
ation
t
tion
ts
tands
s
ces
t
rs
ates
rs
ts
t
e
ive
e
ve
e
r
ate
te
ndently
edly
lly
te
nt
t
ledge
require
ed
ing
ting
anding
ning
e
ry
ent
gy
ion
that
which
whom
-
可编辑修改
-
t
lly
ate
required
ming
ic
tion
as
sive
。
Cloze Test
答案
1.B
将第
1
,
2<
/p>
,
3
题通盘考虑。此处意为“老师会花一
两个小时用幻灯来解释讲课的内容,写
出一些重要的信息,散发一些阅读材料,布置作业
”
。
illustrate
用图解说明
,举例说明。
2.C
参考第
1
题答案。
attribute
把
……的原因归为……;
contribute
有助于,贡献;<
/p>
distribute
分发,散发,与下文的
give out
同义。
3.A
assignments
作业,任务。
4.C
新生发现别的学生一直在记笔记,
他们不知道该记些什么,
p>
所以用
wonders
。
< br>而
suspects(
怀
疑
p>
)
;
understands (
理解,明白
)
;
con
vinces(
让人相信
)
与题意不符
。
5.B with
结构在此表示伴随的结果,说明学生听完讲座
却记了一些抓不住重点的笔记。
6.D
这里是一个并列句,并列的两个部分是
which do
not catch the main points and which
become hard even for the students to
understand.
7.D
此句意为:学生记下的笔记连自己也无法明白。
8.C
鉴于上述情况,许多学校开设课程以帮助新生
培养记笔记的能力,成为一名真正有效率的
听众。
as
sist
帮助,援助。
9.A
参考第
8
题答案。
effective
有效的;
passive
被动的;
p>
relative
相对的;
express
ive
表现
的,富于表情的。
10.D
此处的意思是:如果这些课程不可行的话,还会有许
多行之有效的学习技巧的指导,这些
-
可编辑修改
-
。
指导使学生们能够
独立地锻炼这些学习技巧,在此
If
表示假设条件。
11.A enable do sth
使人能够干什么;<
/p>
stimulate
激发,刺激;
adv
ocate
提倡,倡导;
prevent
阻止。
12.A independently
独立地;
repeatedly
再三,重复地;
logically
合乎逻辑地;
general
ly
大
体上,一般地。
13.C
此句意为“通常学生在开始学习之前就应该解决这种
听课技能的问题”
,此处
tackle
problem
意为“解决问题”
。
evaluate
估计,评估;
acquaint
使认识,了解;
formulate
用公式表
p>
示,系统地阐述或提出。
14.A
参考
13
题。
15.B
这里的意思是“承认大多数学生在获取语言技能方面
有困难,这是很重要的。因为只有承
认这种困难才能提出克服困难的方法”
。
所以选
ledge
承认,
认可。
predict
预测;
argue
争论,论证;
ignore
忽略,忽视。
16.B
过去分词做定语。
17.D
克服困难用
overcome difficulty
。不用
preventing
阻止,阻碍;
p>
withstand
经受住,抵
抗;
sustain
支撑,经受。
18.D
本题涉及学年的表达方法。
19.B
此句意为:另一种基本的方案或策略是寻找一个学习
的伙伴。
strategy
策略,方案。
20.C
本题测试介词与关系代词的用法,
with
whom
表示与同伴一起学习。
-
可编辑修改
-
。
完形填空
3
For many
people today, reading is no longer
relaxation.T
o keep up their work they
must
read letters, reports, trade
publications, interoffice communications, not to
mention
newspapers and magazines: a
never-ending flood of __1__ a job or advancing in
one, the ability to read and comprehend
__2__ can mean the difference between success
and the unfortunate fact is that most
of us are __3__ readers. Most of us develop
poor reading __4__ at an early age, and
never get over them. The main deficiency __5__ in
the actual stuff of language itself-
words.T
aken individually, words have
__6__ meaning until
they are strung
together into phrased, sentences and paragraphs.
__7__ , however, the
untrained reader
does not read groups of laboriously reads one
word at a time,
often regressing to
__8__ words or sion, the tendency to look back
over
__9__ you have just read, is a
common bad habit in r habit which __10__
down the speed of reading is
vocalization
—
sounding each
word either orally or mentally as
__11__ reads.
To overcome these bad
habits, some reading clinics use a device called
an __12__ ,
which moves a bar (or
curtain) down the page at a predetermined bar is
set at a
-
可编辑修改
-
。
slightly faster
rate __13__ the reader finds comfortable, in order
to
“
stretch
”
accelerator forces the reader to
read fast, __14__ word-by-word reading, regression
and
subvocalization, practically
impossible. At first __15__ is sacrificed for
when you
learn to read ideas and
concepts, you will not only read faster, __16__
your comprehension
will improve. Many
people have found __17__ reading skill drastically
improved after some
training. __18__
Charlce Au, a business manager, for instance, his
reading rate was a
reasonably good 172
words a minute __19__ the training,now it is an
excellent 1,378 words a
is delighted
that how he can __20__ a lot more reading material
in a short period
of time.
ng ng g
y
y dly
s
ng ions
es s es
B.A lot
ately fact lly unately
e
es
one
rator ier er
-
可编辑修改
-
。
ng g ting
g hension sion
a
at
B.T
ake er
over t through
Cloze
Test
答案
1.D
本句意思是“谁如果想谋得一份差事”
。
applying
p>
需加
for,
意思是“申请”
;
做;
ng
提供此三项均不符题意,只有
g(
获得
)
适合。
2.A
本句意为“快速阅读与理解的能力,是关系到成败的关键所在”只有
quickly
p>
与原意吻合。
easily(
容易地
)
;
roughly (
粗略地
)
;
decidedly(
果断地
)
均与原文内容不符。
3.C
英语中,阅读速度快的人称为
good
reader
,反之,就是
poor
reader
。
根据上下文
的内容,多数人都属于<
/p>
poor reader
,因此选
poo
r(
差的
)
。其它选项不妥。
4.B
此处的意思是“大多数人早期养成看书慢的习惯”因此
选
habits(
习惯
)
。
training (
训练,
培训
)
;
situations(
形势
)
;
cu
stom(
风俗习惯
)
。
5.A
此处说的是“主要的困难在于语言的自身要素,
即单词”
。
combines
联合;
touches
接触;
involves
包括,这三项的词义与原文不符。而
lies
与
in
构成搭配,意为“在于”
。
-
可编辑修改
-
。
6.C
这里的意思是“如果单个地看这些字,它们并没有什么
意义”
。
some
有点;
A lot
许多;
dull
单调的。此三项不合题意。只有
little(
很少
)
是否定词,合乎逻辑。
7.D
此句意为“作者对未受过阅读训练的人的不良习惯感到遗憾”
。
Fortunately
幸运地;
In
fact
事实上;
Logically
合乎逻辑地,均不妥。
Unfortunately(
不幸地
)
合乎句义。
8.B
此句意为“在阅读时经常重读
(
反复读
)
”因此,选
reread
重读。
reuse
再使用;
Rewrite
改
写;
recite
背诵。
9.A
此处所填的词既是
look back
over
的宾语,又是
you have just read
的宾语,只有
what
能充当这种双重
成分。
10.C scales
down
按比例减少;
cuts down
削减;此两项不合题意。
measures
不能与
down
搭配。只有
slow
< br>与
down
搭配的意思“放慢”
,在此合适。
11.B
本段前文已经出现
you
,在此选
one(
泛指人们,我们,你
)
来代替
yo
u
。
some one
无此
用法。如果用
reader
,前面应加定冠词。<
/p>
he
不能与该段逻辑一致。
12.A
此句意为
“训练快速阅读所
使用的工具必然与提高阅读速度有关”
,
因此选
accelerator (
快
读器
< br>)
。
actor
演员;
amplifier
放大器;
observer
观察者。
13.D
前面的
< br>faster
决定了应当选
than
,构成比较级。
14.C
此句意为“快速阅读器迫
使你加快阅读速度,使你再也不能逐字阅读,回顾前文内容或者
默读”
< br>。
enabling
相当于
ma
king possible
;
leading
引导;
indicating
指出,表明。都不合题意
。
只有
making (
使,使得
p>
)
最合适。
15.B
这里的意思是
“速读最初会影响理解”
,
所以选
comprehension(
理解力
)
。
meaning
意义,
意思,指词或词组表示的意义;
gist
大意,要旨
regression
回顾
16.A
与前半句中的
not on
ly
相呼应,构成句式“不仅……,而且……”
,只有选
but
,而
nor
;
-
可编辑修改
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
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