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完形填空5篇详解

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2021-02-08 22:33
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2021年2月8日发(作者:abundant)




完形填空


1


From childhood to old age, we all use language as a means of broadening our


knowledge of ourselves and the world about us. When humans first __1__ , they were like


newborn children, unable to use this __2__ tool. Yet once language developed, the


possibilities for human kinds future __3__ and cultural growth increased.





Many linguists believe that evolution is __4__ for our ability to produce and use


language. They __5__ that our highly evolved brain provides us __6__ an innate language


ability not found in lower __7__ . Proponents of this innateness theory say that our __8__ for


language is inborn, but that language itself develops gradually, __9__ a function of the


growth of the brain during childhood. Therefore there are critical __10__ times for language


development.





Current __11__ of innateness theory are mixed, however, evidence supporting the


existence of some innate abilities is undeniable. __12__ , more and more schools are


discovering that foreign languages are best taught in __13__ grades. Young children often


can learn several languages by being __14__ to them, while adults have a much harder time


learning another language once the __15__ of their first language have become firmly fixed.





__16__ some aspects of language are undeniably innate, language does not develop


automatically in a vacuum. Children who have been __17__ from other human beings do not


possess language. This demonstrates that __18__ with other human beings is necessary for


proper language development. Some linguists believe that this is even more basic to human


language __19__ than any innate capacities. These theorists view language as imitative,


learned behavior. __20__ , children learn language from their parents by imitating them.


Parents gradually shape their child's language skills by positively reinforcing precise


imitations and negatively reinforcing imprecise ones.





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可编辑修改


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a result all




other words all




Cloze Test


答案






1.B


此处意为:


当人类刚刚开始进化,


他们如同新生儿一样不会运用 语言这种工具。




evolved< /p>


逐渐发展,进化符合题意。


generated

< br>生殖,发展;


born (bear


的过去分词


)


不能作谓语动词;


originated


起源,不能用


first


修饰。

< p>





2.A


根据语法分析,答案应用来修饰语言的。


val uable


珍贵的;


appropriate

< br>合适的,适当的;


convenient


方便的,便利的 ;


favorite


最喜欢的。语言并不是人类选择的结果,而 是人类在进化过


程中慢慢发展起来的,对人类来说,应当是珍贵的。





3.A


此处意思是:语言的发展增加了人类未来的成就和文化 进步的可能性。


attainments


成就;


feasibility


可行性;


entertain ments


娱乐;


evolution


进化。






4.D


此处意为


:

许多语言学家认为进化使人们产生和具备了语言的能力。固定短语


be


responsible for


对……负责,是……的原由。 其它选项不与


for


搭配。






5.C


根据语法分析,空格后应是一个宾语从句,而


A



B



D

三项后都不能接从句做直接宾语。


confirm(


确认< /p>


)+


名词;


inform(


通知


) sth.



con vince(


使某人确信


) sth.





6.D


固定搭配


provide sth.


意为“向


(



)


提供


(



)







7.B


此处意为:


我们高度发达的大 脑是我们具备了其它低等动物所不具备的语言能力。


显然,


这< /p>


里是把人和低等动物相比较。因此选


organisms


有机体,生物体。






8.A


此句意思是:人类的语言能 力是与生俱来的,但语言本身也在逐渐发展,所以这种能力应


该是潜在的。


potential


潜力;


performance


履行;


preference


偏爱;< /p>


passion


激情。






9.A


此句句义是:语言本身作为童年时期大脑生长的一种功能,其发展是缓慢的。

< p>
as (


作为,当



)< /p>


合乎题意。


Like


作为介词的意思是“ 像……一样”







10.B


此句意为:


语言的发展有一个关键期,


人体的成长是生物变化 的过程。


biological


生物的;


ideological


思想上的;


social

< p>
社会的;


psychological


心理的。< /p>






11.A


此处意为:目前人们对“先天论”评论观点不一,但 是支持某些天生能力的证据却是确凿


无疑的。


reviews< /p>


评论;


reference


参考;


reaction


反应;


recommend ation


推荐。





12.C



11


题可看出,作者是倾向于先天论的,为了进一步证明先天论是有道理的,作者选择


了以学校为例加以说明,因此这里应填一个表示递进关系的词


I ndeed(


甚至


)







13.D


此处意思是:越来越多的学校发现在什么年级学外语 较容易,根据常识


(


低年级学外语较


容 易


)


以及后文的


Young children often can learn several languages by being 14 to them, while


adults


…可以选定答案。






14.B


此处意为:


通过接触多种语 言,


孩子们可以学会好几种语言。


be exposed to


是固定搭配,


接触到。


reveal(


显露


) sb


,不合题意,因本题中的


them



languages


。其余选项不与


to



配。


engage in


从事;


be involved in


参与。






15.C


此句意思是:


一旦母语的规则被深深印入脑海中,


成年人就很 难再学好另一种语言。


rules


规则,规律;


regulations


规定;


formations


构成,构造;


constitutions

宪法,章程。






16.A


分析上下文的逻辑关系, 从句意思是:语言的某些方面肯定是先天的。主句意思是:语言


不会在与人隔绝的状况下 自行发展。前后应为转折关系。






17.D


此句意为:与人隔绝的儿 童不能掌握好一门语言。


isolated


孤立的,与人隔绝的 ;


distinguished


区别的,杰出的;


different


不同的;


protected< /p>


受到保护的。






18.D


此句总结前几句,意为:必须通过与他人交往,语言才能够发展。


interacti on


相互作用;


exposition


暴露;


comparison


比较;


c ontrast


对比。





19.A


根据分析,本句中的“< /p>


this


”和“


even more basic


”分别指代上句的“


interaction with


other human beings


”和“


necessary



,此处所填词对应上 文中的


language development


。也


就是说,


language acquisition


语言习得。


appreciation


欣赏,


感激;


requirement


要求;


alternative


转移,转变,转换。




-


可编辑修改


-




20.C


本句功能是以另一种方式解释前文中的“


imitative, learned behavior.(


模仿性的后天行



)




In other words


换言之,换句话说;


As a result


结果是;


After all


毕竟;


Above all


首先。




完形填空


2




Many students find the experience of attending university lectures to be a confusing and


frustrating experience. The lecturer speaks for one or two hours, perhaps __1__ the talk with


slides,


writing


up


important


information


on


the


blackboard,


__2__


reading


material


and


giving


out


__3__


.The


new


student


sees


the


other


students


continuously


writing


on


notebooks


and


__4__


what


to



often


the


student


leaves


the


lecture


__5__


notes


which


do


not


catch


the


main


points


and


__6__


become


hard


even


for


the


__7__


to


understand.





Most institutions provide courses which __8__ new students to develop the skills they


need


to


be


__9__


listeners


and


note-takers.


__10__


these


are


unavailable,


there


are


many


useful study-skills guides which __11__ learners to practice these skills 12 .In all cases it is


important to __13__ the problem __14__ actually starting your studies.





It is important to __15__ that most students have difficulty in acquiring the language


skills __16__ in college way of __17__ these difficulties is to attend the language


and study-skills classes which most institutions provide throughout the __18__ r


basic __19__ is to find a study partner __20__ it is possible to identify difficulties, exchange


ideas and provide support.





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可编辑修改


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as






sive




























Cloze Test


答案






1.B


将第


1



2< /p>



3


题通盘考虑。此处意为“老师会花一 两个小时用幻灯来解释讲课的内容,写


出一些重要的信息,散发一些阅读材料,布置作业 ”



illustrate


用图解说明 ,举例说明。






2.C


参考第

1


题答案。


attribute


把 ……的原因归为……;


contribute


有助于,贡献;< /p>


distribute


分发,散发,与下文的

give out


同义。






3.A assignments


作业,任务。






4.C


新生发现别的学生一直在记笔记,


他们不知道该记些什么,


所以用


wonders


< br>而


suspects(


怀



)



understands (


理解,明白


)



con vinces(


让人相信


)


与题意不符 。






5.B with


结构在此表示伴随的结果,说明学生听完讲座 却记了一些抓不住重点的笔记。






6.D


这里是一个并列句,并列的两个部分是


which do not catch the main points and which


become hard even for the students to understand.





7.D


此句意为:学生记下的笔记连自己也无法明白。






8.C


鉴于上述情况,许多学校开设课程以帮助新生



培养记笔记的能力,成为一名真正有效率的


听众。


as sist


帮助,援助。






9.A


参考第


8


题答案。


effective


有效的;


passive


被动的;


relative


相对的;


express ive


表现


的,富于表情的。






10.D


此处的意思是:如果这些课程不可行的话,还会有许 多行之有效的学习技巧的指导,这些


-


可编辑修改


-




指导使学生们能够 独立地锻炼这些学习技巧,在此


If


表示假设条件。

< p>





11.A enable do sth


使人能够干什么;< /p>


stimulate


激发,刺激;


adv ocate


提倡,倡导;


prevent


阻止。






12.A independently

独立地;


repeatedly


再三,重复地;

< p>
logically


合乎逻辑地;


general ly



体上,一般地。






13.C


此句意为“通常学生在开始学习之前就应该解决这种 听课技能的问题”


,此处


tackle

problem


意为“解决问题”



evaluate


估计,评估;


acquaint

< p>
使认识,了解;


formulate


用公式表


示,系统地阐述或提出。






14.A


参考


13


题。






15.B


这里的意思是“承认大多数学生在获取语言技能方面 有困难,这是很重要的。因为只有承


认这种困难才能提出克服困难的方法”



所以选


ledge


承认,


认可。



predict


预测;


argue


争论,论证;

ignore


忽略,忽视。






16.B


过去分词做定语。






17.D


克服困难用


overcome difficulty


。不用


preventing


阻止,阻碍;


withstand


经受住,抵


抗;


sustain


支撑,经受。






18.D


本题涉及学年的表达方法。






19.B


此句意为:另一种基本的方案或策略是寻找一个学习 的伙伴。


strategy


策略,方案。






20.C


本题测试介词与关系代词的用法,


with whom


表示与同伴一起学习。






-


可编辑修改


-









完形填空


3


For many people today, reading is no longer relaxation.T


o keep up their work they must


read letters, reports, trade publications, interoffice communications, not to mention


newspapers and magazines: a never-ending flood of __1__ a job or advancing in


one, the ability to read and comprehend __2__ can mean the difference between success


and the unfortunate fact is that most of us are __3__ readers. Most of us develop


poor reading __4__ at an early age, and never get over them. The main deficiency __5__ in


the actual stuff of language itself- words.T


aken individually, words have __6__ meaning until


they are strung together into phrased, sentences and paragraphs. __7__ , however, the


untrained reader does not read groups of laboriously reads one word at a time,


often regressing to __8__ words or sion, the tendency to look back over


__9__ you have just read, is a common bad habit in r habit which __10__


down the speed of reading is vocalization



sounding each word either orally or mentally as


__11__ reads.





To overcome these bad habits, some reading clinics use a device called an __12__ ,


which moves a bar (or curtain) down the page at a predetermined bar is set at a


-


可编辑修改


-




slightly faster rate __13__ the reader finds comfortable, in order to



stretch




accelerator forces the reader to read fast, __14__ word-by-word reading, regression and


subvocalization, practically impossible. At first __15__ is sacrificed for when you


learn to read ideas and concepts, you will not only read faster, __16__ your comprehension


will improve. Many people have found __17__ reading skill drastically improved after some


training. __18__ Charlce Au, a business manager, for instance, his reading rate was a


reasonably good 172 words a minute __19__ the training,now it is an excellent 1,378 words a


is delighted that how he can __20__ a lot more reading material in a short period


of time.





ng ng g





y y dly





s





ng ions





es s es





B.A lot





ately fact lly unately





e









es





one





rator ier er



-


可编辑修改


-










ng g ting





g hension sion









a





at B.T


ake er







over t through





Cloze Test


答案






1.D


本句意思是“谁如果想谋得一份差事”



applying


需加


for,


意思是“申请”




做;


ng


提供此三项均不符题意,只有


g(


获得


)


适合。






2.A


本句意为“快速阅读与理解的能力,是关系到成败的关键所在”只有


quickly


与原意吻合。


easily(


容易地


)



roughly (

粗略地


)



decidedly(


果断地


)


均与原文内容不符。






3.C


英语中,阅读速度快的人称为


good reader


,反之,就是


poor reader






根据上下文


的内容,多数人都属于< /p>


poor reader


,因此选


poo r(


差的


)


。其它选项不妥。






4.B


此处的意思是“大多数人早期养成看书慢的习惯”因此 选


habits(


习惯


)



training (


训练,

培训


)



situations(


形势


)



cu stom(


风俗习惯


)







5.A


此处说的是“主要的困难在于语言的自身要素,


即单词”



combines


联合;


touches


接触;


involves


包括,这三项的词义与原文不符。而


lies



in


构成搭配,意为“在于”





-


可编辑修改


-






6.C


这里的意思是“如果单个地看这些字,它们并没有什么 意义”



some


有点;


A lot


许多;


dull


单调的。此三项不合题意。只有


little(


很少

< p>
)


是否定词,合乎逻辑。






7.D


此句意为“作者对未受过阅读训练的人的不良习惯感到遗憾”






Fortunately


幸运地;


In fact


事实上;


Logically


合乎逻辑地,均不妥。



Unfortunately(


不幸地


)


合乎句义。






8.B


此句意为“在阅读时经常重读


(


反复读


)


”因此,选


reread

< p>
重读。


reuse


再使用;


Rewrite



写;


recite


背诵。






9.A


此处所填的词既是


look back over


的宾语,又是


you have just read


的宾语,只有


what


能充当这种双重 成分。






10.C scales down


按比例减少;


cuts down

削减;此两项不合题意。


measures


不能与


down


搭配。只有


slow

< br>与


down


搭配的意思“放慢”


,在此合适。






11.B


本段前文已经出现


you


,在此选


one(

泛指人们,我们,你


)


来代替


yo u



some one


无此

< p>
用法。如果用


reader


,前面应加定冠词。< /p>


he


不能与该段逻辑一致。






12.A


此句意为


“训练快速阅读所 使用的工具必然与提高阅读速度有关”



因此选


accelerator (



读器

< br>)



actor


演员;


amplifier


放大器;


observer


观察者。






13.D


前面的

< br>faster


决定了应当选


than

,构成比较级。






14.C


此句意为“快速阅读器迫 使你加快阅读速度,使你再也不能逐字阅读,回顾前文内容或者


默读”

< br>。


enabling


相当于


ma king possible



leading


引导;


indicating


指出,表明。都不合题意 。


只有


making (


使,使得


)


最合适。






15.B


这里的意思是


“速读最初会影响理解”


所以选


comprehension(


理解力


)



meaning


意义,


意思,指词或词组表示的意义;


gist


大意,要旨


regression


回顾






16.A


与前半句中的


not on ly


相呼应,构成句式“不仅……,而且……”


,只有选


but


,而


nor



-


可编辑修改


-

-


-


-


-


-


-


-


-



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