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全新版大学英语综合教程4课后习题答案

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2021-02-08 16:46
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2021年2月8日发(作者:持久化)


全新版大学英语综合教程


4


课后习题答案


Unit 1


I. Vocabulary



1.



1) alliance






















2)



at the cost of







3) stroke























4)



limp







5) minus























6)



regions






7) declarations


















8) siege












9) raw

























10) bide his time






11) have taken their toll











12) in the case of







2.



1) is faced with
















2) get bogged down


3) is pressing on / pressed on







4) drag on



5) get by





















6) dine out



7) have cut back

















8) get through




3.



1)



The rapid advance in gene therapy may lead to the conquest of cancer in the near future.



2)



Production in many factories has been brought to a halt by the delayed arrival of raw materials


due to the dock workers




strike.



3)



Sara


has


made


up


her


mind


that


her


leisure


interests


will/should


never


get


in


the


way


of


her


career.



4)



<



5)



Obviously the reporter's question caught the foreign minister off



guard.



6)



The introduction of the electronic calculator has rendered the slide rule out of date.




4.



1)



Being faced with an enemy forces much superior to ours, we had to give up the occupation of big


cities and retreat to the rural and mountainous regions to build up our bases.



2)



Unity is crucial to the efficient operation of an organization. Failure to reckon with this problem


will weaken its strength. In many cases, work may be brought to a halt by constant internal struggle


in an organization.



3)



The Red Army fought a heroic battle at Stalingrad and won the decisive victory against the



fact,


this battle turned the tide in the Second World War. During this famous battle, the Soviet troops


withstood the German siege and weakened the German army by launching a series of


counterattacks.




II. More Synonyms in Context



1)


During the First World War, battles occurred here and there over vast areas. Some of the


most dramatic fighting took place in the gloomy trenches of France and Belgium.



$$



2)


Elizabeth made careful preparations for the interview and her efforts / homework paid off.


3)



I spent hours trying to talk him into accepting the settlement, but he turned a deaf ear to all


my



words.



4)




Pneumonia had severely weakened her body, and I wondered how her fragile body could


withstand the harsh weather.




III. Usage



1)


But often it is not until we fall ill that we finally learn to appreciate good health.



2)


A rich old lady lay dead at home for two weeks



and nobody knew anything about it.



3)


It's said he dropped dead from a heart attack when he was at work.



4)


Don't sit too close to the fire to keep warm



you could easily get burned, especially if you fall


asleep.



5)


In those days people believed in marrying young and having children early.



6)




7)



Little Tom was unable to sit still for longer than a few minutes.




Structure



1.



1)



To his great delight, Dr. Deng discovered two genes in wild rice that can increase the yield by



30 percent.



2)



To her great relief, her daughter had left the building before it collapsed.



3)



To our disappointment, our women's team lost out to the North Koreans.



4)



We think, much to our regret, that we will not be able to visit you during the coming Christmas.



2.



1)



>



2)



These birds nest in the vast swamps (which lie to the) east of the Nile.



3)



By 1948, the People's Liberation Army had gained control of the vast areas north of the Yangtze


River.



4)




Michelle was born in a small village in the north of France, but came to live in the United



States at the age of four.



4)



The Columbia River rises in western Canada and continues/runs through the United States for



about 1,900 kilometers west of the Rocky Mountains.




Comprehensive Exercises



I. Cloze



(A)



1. invasion



3. Conquest



5. launching



7. campaign



9. reckon with



&



2.




4.


6.


8.


10.


stand in the way



catching... off his guard



declaration



drag on



bringing...to a halt




1. allow



3. highly



5. rapidly



7. delivery






2..reckoned








II. Translation



1)




Mr. Doherty and his family are currently engaged in getting the autumn harvest in on the farm.



2)




We must not underestimate the enemy. They are equipped with the most sophisticated


weapons.



3)




Having been cut of a job/Not having had a job for 3months, Phil is getting increasingly


desperate.



4)




Sam, as the project manager, is decisive, efficient, and accurate in his judgment.



5)




Since the chemical plant was identified as the source of solution, the village neighborhood


committee decided to close it down at the cost of 100 jobs.




'





The offensive had already lasted three days, but we had not gained much ground. Our troops


engaging the enemy at the front were faced with strong/fierce/stiff resistance. The division


commander instructed our battalion to get around to the rear of the enemy and launch a surprise


attack. To do so, however, we had to cross a marshland and many of us were afraid we might get


bogged down in the mud. Our battalion commander decided to take a gamble. We started under


cover of darkness and pressed on in spite of great difficulties. By a stroke of luck, the temperature


at night suddenly dropped to minus 20 degrees Celsius and the marsh froze over. Thanks to the


cold weather, we arrived at our destination before dawn and began attacking the enemy from the


rear. This turned the tide of the battle. The enemy, caught off guard, soon surrendered.





Unit 2



I. Vocabulary



1.





2. automated



3. vapor






4. take control of



5. hazards



6. satellite










9. bunched



10. in the air



11. got stuck in






.



2.



1. send out





2. stand up for






3. pass for



4. were closing in on









5. starting up



6. went through




7. fill out






8. fall into



3.



1) the application, remote, has turned into a reality, are poised to



2) that vibrate, can detect, frequency



3) lanes, are mounted in, alert a, hazard




II.


Word formation



%



Medical care



Electronic mail



Communications satellite



News broadcast



Sky hijack



European dollar



Breakfast and lunch



Television broadcast



Oxford and Cambridge



Kilogram




Memorandum


Gymnasium



Liberation



Doctor




Veterinarian



Preparatory



Automobile



influenza






III. Usage



1) swimming pool



2 ) drawing board



3 ) enriched Middle English



4 ) disturbing change



5 ) fully developed prototype



6 ) Canned foods



7 ) working population



8 ) puzzling differences







Comprehensive Exercises


I. Cloze



1) computerized





2) start up






3) be poised to






4) alert



5) hazards










6) monotonous 7) take control of




8) steer







9) lane












10) decrease





11) calculate







12) eliminate



13) getting stuck in



14) mounted




15) detect









16) vapor




1) generates








2) related






3) revolutionized




4) enabled




5) opportunities





6) overall






7)manufacturing




8) dependent








9) interact









10) fatalities






II. Translation



1) There was an unusual quietness in the air, except for the sound of artillery in the distance.



2) The expansion of urban areas in some African countries has been causing a significant fall in


living standards and an increase in social problems.



3) The research shows that atmospheric carbon dioxide levels are closely correlated with global


temperatures.



4) The frequency of the bus service has been improved from 15 to 12 minute recently.



5) The diver stood on the edge of the diving board, poised to jump at the signal from the coach.






Automobiles have, since their invention, revolutionized transportation, changing forever the way


people live, travel, and do business. On the other hand, they have brought hazards, especially


highway fatalities. However, today the application of computer technology and electronic sensors


in designing and manufacturing cars makes it possible to eliminate most of traffic accidents. For


example, electronic sensors mounted in your car can detect alcohol vapor in the air and refuse to


start up the engine. They can also monitor road conditions by receiving radio signals sent out from


orbiting satellites and greatly reduce your chances of getting stuck in traffic jams.






Unit 3


I. Vocabulary




1)



rude










2) physically







3) structure









4) made a difference



5)



blurted (out)



6) chuckling








7) Measurable






8) prospective



9)



preparations



10) Sparkled








11) took a crack at



12) partner




1)



go after





2) look back at/on




3) be put up








4) stood for



5) build in






6) follow up








7) be hooked up to



8) closed up




1) grilled her about where she had been all night



<



2) beyond Cinderella



s wildest dreams that she could one day dance in the King



s palace



3) will be in readers' hands soon



4) do your homework before going on an interview.



5) was in the neighborhood of 150 dollars.




1



applicants, veteran, the prospective



2



From his standpoint, has made every endeavor to goafter



3) as the saying goes, to have a crack at, barely




1. Behave 2. used to avoid repetition 3. clean



{



4. get along 5. perform/complete 6. perform/complete



7. Study 8. be enough 9. be acceptable




Structure



1. There is so much to say and it is hard to know where to ,I



ll talk about myself first.



2. Thank you very much, John, for your beautiful Christmas card. By the way, I have something here


for you.



3. The new computer language can be quite easily understood by anyone who can read the daily ,


why is this an advantage



4. I



m going to work out the outline and will let you know how it



the way, I will see you in


February, as I plan to attend your seminar in Shanghai.



5. OK, you got the , how to maximize your profits with as little effort as possible



6. Chris is back from , those pictures you sent me are wonderful.



-



Comprehensive Exercises



I. Cloze



(1) Prospective (2)As I see it



(3) done your homework (4) beforehand



(5) Endeavor (6) structure



(7) Partners (8) Respond



(9) take a crack (10) from the standpoint



(11) make a difference (12) follow up




|



(1) encouraging(2) inquiry(3) relevant



(4) samples



(5) references (6) advice(7) preparing (8) seriously



(9) probably



(10) exhibit




II. Translation



1) Despite thein adequate length of the airstrip in this emergency landing, the veteran pilot


managed to stop the plane after taxiing for only a short while.



2)Grilled by the reporters, the movie star eventually blurted(out) that she had undergone two


plastic surgeries.



3) We have the technology and our partner has the



together, we



ll have the future in our hands.



4) If I had known beforehand that you would bring so many friends home, I would have made


better preparations. You see, I have barely enough food and drinks for a snack.





5) People gave generously upon learning that new schoolrooms with stronger structures were to be


built in the earthquake-stricken area.








Well begun, half done,as the saying goes. It is extremely important for a job applicant to do his


homework while seeking



my standpoint, whether or not one has done his homework clearly


makes a difference in his chance of success.





I have a friend who is earning somewhere in the neighborhood of100,000 dollars a years in a


large computer software company. He told me that from his own experience the decision makers


who interview prospective employees like people who are well prepared. Those who make no


endeavor to learn as much about his prospective employer as possible don



t have much of a chance


of success.




Unit 4



I. Vocabulary



1) advantageous








2) let alone


3) witnessing/vanishing




4) landmark



5) entitled















6) displace



&




7) Establishment










8) patriotic/strengthen



9) contradictions










10) aspires



11) divorced













12) pendulums




1) come to














2) dozed off



3) believed in












4) was set apart



5) take in















6) sucks in



7) clean up















8) turn away




1)




For me, it makes no/little difference whether we go there by train or by bus.



2)





3)




Toyata has overtaken General Motors as the world



s biggest car maker.



4)




Shortly after their marriage, Mr. Chambers was at odds with his wife over money matters.



5)




Henry has been at the forefront of nanotechnology research.



6)




She doesn



t even know how to boil potatoes, let alone cook a meal.


























a) is increasingly/to accelerate/their investment



b) economy/make an earnest/domestic/strike a balance between



c) a handful of/be endorsed by/on a large scale




II.


Word formation



WTO



GDP



ATM



VAT



CAD



IT



IDD





MTV



Radar



IOC



VIP



Laser



CPU



Radio detecting and ranging



International Olympic Committee





Very important person



Light amplification by stimulated emission of


radiation



Central processing unit



激光



中央处理器



雷达



国际奥委会



贵宾,大人物






世界贸易组织



国内生产总值



自动出纳机



~



增值税



计算机辅助设计



信息技术



国际直拨电话



音乐电视



World Trade Organization



Gross domestic product



Automated teller machine



Value-added tax



Computer-aided design



Information technology



International direct dialing



Music television



III. Usage



1) An unusual present, a book on ethics, was given to Henry for his birthday.





2) The reason(he gave) that he didn



t notice the car till too late was unsatisfactory.



3) Football, his only interest in life, has brought him many friends.



4) Cloning had been raised as a possibility decades ago, then dismissed, something that serious



scientists thought was simply not going to happen anytime soon.




Comprehensive Exercises



I. Cloze



(A)



1. academics















variety of














5. vanish















7. endorsing













9. sweeping aside









11. erasing













a balance



(B)




1. aided




~



7. prevailing



9. volume





4. connected



6. features



8. qualitatively



10. Distinguishing



II. Translation



1)



Due to his pessimistic outlook on the European economy, John has moved his assets from


Europe to elsewhere.



2)



I like hiring young people. They are earnest learners and committed to work.





3)



Unlike her girl friends who center their lives on their children, Mary cares more about her


personal growth.



4)



Why is it that a considerable number of colleagues are at odds with you



5)



The Chinese government has introduced a variety of policies to strengthen cooperation with


developing countries.






Globalization has great implications for young Chinese. For example, young farmers are moving


on a large scale to urban areas to look for jobs. And for those young people who aspire to study


abroad or work in foreign-invested enterprises, English has become increasingly important. At the


same time, a considerable number of overseas Chinese students have returned home in recent


years, for they hold an optimistic outlook for the long-term growth of the Chinese economy. The


internet has strengthened the links between Chinese young people and those elsewhere. They


follow the latest trend and copy foreign fashions. Some of them don



t seem to care for traditional


Chinese virtues, let alone carry them forward, which has given rise to worries that the traditional


Chinese culture might one day vanish.




Unit 5



I. Vocabulary



1)



In a way











2) in accordance






3) vacancy






4) in good condition






5) transparent










6) rub














7) spicy








8) hitherto



)



9) with (a) bad grace



10) instinct










11) pawned






12) current




1) turned up






2) will stick to






3) brought back






4)go about



5) driving at






6) put away








7) over













8) took aback




1) has a very weak constitution --- she may not be able to survive the operation.



2) was taken aback by the insurance company



s rejection of my compensation claim



3) was something of a surprise when we ran into each other in a place like that.



4) needs trimming/ to be trimmed ---it



s getting too long.



5) are often deceptive





1) Oddly enough /went broke /wrinkled / he had gone all to pieces



2) definite / is capable of /her vanity



3) too mild / sipping / stroke




II. Usage



1. Except for






2. except that






3. except









4. except when



5. except to







6. except what





7. except where




8. except that




III.



/



vocabulary



AmE



apartment



can



candy



elevator



BrE



flat







tin



sweets



^



lift



spelling



AmE



favorable



paralyze



labor



meter



BrE



!



favourable



paralyse



labour



metre


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