-
英语词汇学自考题
-6
(
总分：
1
00.00
，做题时间：
90
分钟
)
一、
{{B
}}
Ⅰ
.{{/B}}(
总题数：
30
，分数：
30.00)
logy inquires into the
______ and meanings of words.
?
?
A.
relations
?
B. disciplines
?
C. origins
?
D.
development
（分数：
1.00
）
A.
B.
C.
√
D.
解析：
[
解析
]
Lexicology is a..., inquiring into the origins and
meanings of words.
词汇学研究词汇的起源
和意义。答案为
C
。
reason for that more and more
differences occur between sound and form is that
the English
alphabet was adopted from
the ______.
?
?
A. Pacifics
?
B. Germanics
?
C. Celtics
?
D.
Romans
（分数：
1.0
0
）
A.
B.
C.
D.
√
解析：
[
解析
] With the development of
the language, more and more differences occur
between the
two. The internal reason
for this is that the English alphabet was adopted
from the Romans.
随着语言发展，
声音和形
式之间的差异越来越大。产生这一差异的内在原因是英语拼写采用了罗马字母。答案为
D
。
3.______ are
words or forms that were once in common use but
are now restricted only to specialized
or limited use.
?
?
A.
Neologisms
?
B. Archaisms
?
C. Jargons
?
D.
Terminologies
）
1.00
（分数：
A.
B.
√
C.
D.
解析：
[
< br>解析
] Archaisms are words or forms
that were once in common use but are now
restricted
only to specialized or
limited use.
古语词是指过去曾经广泛使用而现在仅限于某些特殊用法的
词。答案为
B
。
is assumed that the world has
approximately 3000 (some put it 5000) languages,
which can
be grouped into roughly
______ language families on the basis of
similarities in their basic word
stock
and grammar.
?
?
A. 500
?
B. 4000
?
C. 300
?
D.
2000
（分数：
1.00<
/p>
）
A.
B.
C.
√
D.
解析：
[
解析
] It is
assumed that the world has approximately 3000(some
put it 5000)languages, which
can be
grouped into roughly 300 language families on the
basis of similarities in their basic
word stock and grammar.
据估计，
世界上约有
3000
多种
(
有人认为有
5000
种
)
语言。这些语言可以根据他们的基本词
汇和语法的相似性大致划
为
300
个谱系。答案为
C
。
introduction of
______ at the end of the 6th century had a great
impact on the English
vocabulary.
?
?
A.
printing
?
B. Christianity
?
C.
French words
?
D. all the above
（分数：
1.00
）
A.
B.
√
C.
D.
解析：
[
< br>解析
] The introduction of Christianity
had a great impact on the English vocabulary. 6
世纪末基督
教的传人给英语词汇带来了很大影响。答案为
B
。
Norman
Conquest started a continual flow of French words
into English. ______ of them are
still
in use today.
?
?
A. Eighty-five percent
?
B. Fifty-six
percent
?
C. Seventy-two percent
?
D.
Seventy-five percent
（分数：
1.00
）
A.
B.
C.
D.
√
解析：
[
解析
] Between
1250 and 1500 about 9,000 words of French origin
poured into English. Seventy
five
percent of them are still in use today.
从
1250
年到
1500
年约有
9000
个法语词汇进入到英语中，其中<
/p>
75%
仍在使用。答案为
D
。
7.______ means an
old form which takes on a new meaning to meet the
new need.
?
?
A. Creation
?
B. Semantic change
?
C.
Borrowing
?
D. Derivation
（分数：
1.00
）
< br>
A.
B.
√
C.
D.
解析：
[
< br>解析
] semantic change means an old
form which takes on a new meaning to meet the new
need.
旧词新义是指赋予旧有词汇新的含义以满足新的需要。答案为
B
。
y found
in derived words, bound morphemes include ______.
?
?
A.
bound roots
?
B. inflectional affixes
?
C.
derivational affixes
?
D. all the above
（分数：
1.00
）
A.
B.
C.
D.
√
解析：
[
解析
] Bound morphemes include
two types
：
bound root and
affix. Affix can be put into two
groups: inflectional and derivational
affixes.
粘附词素有两类：粘附词根和词缀。词缀又可分为两组：内部屈
折词缀和派生词缀。答案为
D
。
the following word-formation
processes, ______ is the most productive.
?
?
A.
clipping
?
B. blending
?
C. initialism
?
D.
derivation
）<
/p>
1.00
（分数：
A.
B.
C.
D.
√
解析：
[
解析
]
< br>现在有许多种结构方式，如词缀法
(affixation)
、复合法
(compounding)
、转类法
(conversion)
、拼缀法
(blend
ing)
、截短法
(dipping)
等。其中，用词缀法构词又叫派生词
(derivation)
，是最多产的构词方式。答案为
D
。
of the following prefixes can not be
used to indicate time and order?______
?
?
A.
Ex-.
?
B. Fore-.
?
C. Post-.
?
D.
Para-.
（分数：
1.0
0
）
A.
B.
C.
D.
√
解析：
[
解析
]
前缀
para-
表示“半，在旁边”
，因此不是表示时间和顺序的
。答案为
D
。
differences between compounds and free
phrases show in ______ aspects.
?
?
A.
phonetic features
?
B. semantic features
?
C.
grammatical features
?
D. all the above
（分数：
1.00
）
A.
B.
C.
D.
√
解析：
[
解析
] Compounds differ from
free phrases in the following three aspects:
(1)Phonetic
features
：
(2)Semantic
features
；
(3)Grammatical
features.
复合词和自由词组的区别表现在以下方面：
(1)
语音特
点；
(2)
语义特点；
(3)
语法特点。答案为
D
。
of the
following words is not formed through
clipping?______
?
?
A.
Dorm.
?
B. Motel.
?
C. Gent.
?
D.
Zoo.
（分数：
1.00<
/p>
）
A.
B.
√
C.
D.
解析：
[
解析
] dorm
截自
dormitory
，
gent
截自
gentlemen
，
zoo
截自
zoologi
cal garden
。而
motel
是通过拼缀法形成
的，源自
motor(
汽车
)+hotel(
宾馆
)
。答案为
B
。
-formation is considered to be the
opposite process of ______.
?
?
A.
prefixation
?
B. suffixation
?
C. acronymy
?
D.
conversion
（分数：
1.00
）
A.
B.
√
C.
D.
解析：
[
解析
] Back-formation
is considered to be the opposite of suffixation. <
/p>
逆生法被认为是后缀法的对立
过程。答案为
B
。
reference,
sense denotes the relationships ______ the
language.
?
?
A. inside
?
B. outside
?
C. between
?
D.
out of
（分数：
1.0
0
）
A.
√
B.
C.
D.
解析：
[
解析
] Unlike
reference,
sense
denotes
the
relationship
inside the
language.
与所指不同的是，
“语义”
指的是语言内部的关系。答案为
A
< br>。
15.______ refers to
that part of the meaning of the word which
indicates the following
relationships
such as word-class, tense meaning, etc.
?
?
A.
Lexical meaning
?
B. Conceptual meaning
?
C.
Grammatical meanings
?
D. Associative meaning
（分数：
1.00
）
A.
B.
C.
√
D.
解析：
< br>[
解析
] Grammatical meanings
refer to that part of the meaning of the word
which indicates
grammatical concept or
relationships such as part of speech of words,
singular and plural meaning
of nouns,
tense meaning of verbs and their inflectional
forms.
答案为
C
。
ly, we classify styles into ______.
?
?
A.
general, neutral, informal
?
B. formal,
neutral, informal
?
C. frozen, casual, intimate
?
D.
poetic, colloquial, slang
（分数：
1.00
）
A.
B.
√
C.
D.
解析：
[
< br>解析
] People normally classify styles
into
ormal,
eutral and
informal.
人们通常将文体分为正式、中性和非正式。答案为
B
。
diachronic approach, other meanings apart from the
primary meaning of a word were acquired
by ______.
?
?
A.
extension
?
B. narrowing
?
C. analogy
?
D.
all the above
（分数：
1.00
）
A.
B.
C.
D.
√
解析：
[
解析
] All the rest are
derived later on from the primary meaning. These
meanings were
acquired by extension,
narrowing, analogy, transfer, etc.
答案为
D
。
fundamental difference between
homonyms and polysemants is whether ______.
?
?
A.
they come from the same source
?
B. they are
correlated with one central meaning
?
C. they are
listed under one headword in a dictionary
?
D.
all the above
（分数：
1.00
）
A.
B.
C.
D.
√
解析：
[
解析
]
区分同形同音异义词和多义
词的一个重要标准是看它们的词源，第二个是语义是否相关。第
。
D
三个是
在词典中多义词是列在同
一个词条下的，而同形同音异义词则列入不同的词条。答案为
way to define an antonym is based on ______.
?
?
A.
contradiction
?
B. contrariness
?
C.
oppositeness
?
D. relativeness
（分数：
1.00
）
A.
B.
C.
√
D.
解析：
[
< br>解析
] Antonyms are classified on the
basis of semantic opposition.
反义词是按语义相反
的情况进行划
分的。答案为
C
。
meaning of picture changed
by the mode of ______.
?
?
A.
extension
?
B. narrowing
?
C. degradation
?
D.
elevation
（分数：
1.00
）
A.
√
B.
C.
D.
解析：
[
解析
] The word
picture, which originally denoted mere painting,
but now has come to include
drawings
and even photographs. picture
一词原意为“绘画”<
/p>
，现意为各种画，甚至连照片也包括在内。答案为
A
。
meaning of
ond changed from
oolish to
affectionate by mode of ______.
?
?
A.
extension
?
B. narrowing
?
C. elevation
?
D.
degradation
（分数：
1.00
）
A.
B.
C.
√
D.
解析：
[
解析
] Fond
originally means
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