-
基础英语
Book
4
第一单元学习资料
Ⅰ
.Exercise 9. Take a close
look at the following picture. Think about it for
one minute. Then give
a two-minute oral
presentation to explain to the class what you
think it means.
Questions:
does the man fill his mind with, knowledge or
money?
dose the man fill his pocket,
knowledge or money?
should we do first
?To fill our mind with knowledge or to fill our
pocket with money?
Preparation:
1.
We
have
been
taught
the
importance
of
independence.
Actually,
we
are
learning
to
be
independent
while we are living on campus as college students.
Upon graduation, we will look for
a job
and earn a living in the world of competition on
our own.
2. First thin
gs
first. We are supposed to fill
our…………………………………………………….
???
??????????????????????????
3. We are living in the age of
knowledge economy ……………………………………………….
??????????????????
..
4. Today, we are college students with
empty pockets. …………………………………………..
...........................
..................................................
.
Ⅱ
.Language points for
Paragraph 11-14 of Text B
1.
e.g.
新的经济发展正推动着变革。
The change is being propelled by the
new economic development.
2. e.g. His
speech is more of a public-relations gimmick than
a genuine commitment.
他的讲话只是一种公关手腕，而不是真正的承诺。
3. If pride in a good name keeps
families and neighborhoods straight, a sense of
self-respect is
the reverse side of
that coin.
如果说，
对
好名声的自豪感能使家庭及邻里保持正直，
那么，
自尊感也能从
相反的方向起到
同样的作用。
4.
attribute : vt.
consider as
being the result of, as coming from
把?归因于；把?归咎于
attribute
?
to
?
:
believe (sth.) to be the result of
把?归因于；把?归咎于
be
attributed to
?归因于
;
?归咎于
be
attributable to
??可能归因于??
e.g. David attributed his company’s
success to the hard work of all the
staff.
大卫把他公司的成功归因于全体员工的努力工作。
e.g. The price is attributable to a
sharp reductionin demand.
价格下跌可能归因于需求量的大幅度减少。
Note:
attribute to (
< br>含有较多的客观性
)
把?归因于
;
把?归咎于
ascribe to
(
主观臆断成分较重）把??归功于
accredit to (
一般只用于好事
< br>,
不用于坏事
)
把??归因于<
/p>
impute to(
则多用于坏事）
把??归因于
/
归咎于
/
转嫁于
e.g. The
commentator attributed the rising production to
the new policy.
评论家认为是一项新政策促使生产上升
The Romans ascribed their victories to
the blessing of the goods.
罗马人把他们的胜利归功于神的保佑。
e.g. The success was accredited to the
good planning.
这次成功的实现归功于计划订得好。
e.g.
他们认为，事故是他的疏忽造成的。
They
imputed the accident to his carelessness.
5. be committed to:
be morally dedicated to; be bound as by
a promise to
对?承担义务；承诺做?；答应?
e.g. I haven
’
t
been committed to anyone until now.
到目前为
止，
我还没有对任何人承担义务。
e.g.
我答应参加这个会议。
I
am committed to taking part in the meeting.
6. portray : vt. make a picture of
(sb./sth.); describe in words
为?画像；描绘
;
描写
e.g. Their
music portrays a life style that no longer exists.
他们的音乐展示了一种已经不复存在的生活方式。
7..mostly : ad.
nearly always; nearly all; mainly
通常；几乎全部地；多半；主要地
e.g. Green teas are mostly from China
or Japan.
绿茶主要产自中国和日本。
e.g. There were about fifteen people in
the room, mostly women.
房间里大约有
15
个人，多数是女性。
e.g. They mostly go to France for their
holidays.
他们通常去法国度假。
:
vi. disappear
消失
e.g.
我原以为会下雨的，可是乌云消散了，是个好天。
I thought it would rain, but the clouds
have vanished and it’s a fine day.
e.g.
美梦化为了泡影。
The wonderful dream vanished into thin
air.
9. self-respect : n. reasonable
pride in what one is and does
自尊
(
心
)
e.
g.
一个长期失业的人很难保持自尊。
It’s difficult to keep your
self
-respect when you have been
unemployed for a long time.
10. e.g.
Serious illness often results in a loss of
confidence and self-respect.
严重的疾病往往会使人丧失信心和自尊。
ity : n. (example of) using profane
language or being profane
使用亵渎语言；污言秽语；亵渎
e.g. He was fined for profanity in
court.
他为在法庭上用污言秽语
/
亵渎的语言而被课罚金。
12. … kids don’t think twice about bad
language. :… young people never hesitate to use
bad
language; it seems
normal to them.
??孩子们想也不想就会随口说脏话。
14. think twice: think very carefully
before deciding to do sth.; hesitate
仔细
考虑
;
犹豫
e.g.
在雇用一个你从未谋面的人之前，你要三思。
You should think twice about employing
someone you’ve never met.
15. reputation : n. what is generally
said or believed about the abilities, qualities,
etc. of
sb./sth.
名声；名誉；声誉
e.g. a man of good
reputation
名誉很好的人
e.g. Judge Kelso has a reputation for
being strict but
fair.
凯尔索法官以严格而公正而闻名。
e.g.
尽管他有惹是生非的名声，他仍然被提升为部门经理。
Despite his reputation as a
trouble-maker, he was promoted to department
manager.
about : mind, be worried or
concerned about
对?关心；注意
e.g.
他只关心自己。
All he
cares about is himself.
e.g.
我不管你怎么想，我肯定他是对的。
I
don
’
t care about what you
think; I am
certain he is
right
17. pass on: give or leave to
people who are younger or come later
传给
(
后代
)
e.g.
他说他会把消息传给其他的学生
She said she’d pass the message on to
the other students.
18.
uphold : vt.
［
upheld,
upheld
］
support;
prevent from being weakened or taken
away
维护；维持；保持
e.g.
uphold a right
维护权利
e.g. uphold the leadership of the
party
坚持党的领导
e.g.
They want to uphold traditional family
values.
他们要维护传统的家庭价值观念。
19, to this day: until now
到现在，至今
e.g.
Doctors have been able to do very little to this
day to treat this disease.
到目前为止，医生对于治疗这种疾病仍然无能为力。
e.g.
To
this
day
no
one
knows
where
the
money
went.
至今无人知道那笔钱哪儿去了。
g : n. brother
or sister
同胞手足
(
指兄
、弟、姐、妹
)
e.g.
Most young smokers are influenced by their
friends’ and siblings’ smoking habits.
多数年轻人吸烟都是受朋友和兄弟姐妹的吸烟习惯影响。
of:
have (some)
knowledge of; have heard of
知道
;
了解
;
听说
e.g.
你知道这一地区有什么好的餐馆吗？
< br>Do you know of any good restaurants in the area?
e.g. “Do you know Dr. Jones?”
“Well, I know of him but I’m not his patient.”
“你认识琼斯大夫吗？”
“呃
,
我听说过他
,
但我
并不是他的病人。
”
22.
pave : vt.
cover (a road,
etc.) with flat stones or bricks (
用石或砖
)
铺
(
路等
)
e.g. The
streets there are paved with dark stone.
那里的街道是用黑色的石头铺的。
pave the way (for):
make preparations (for sth.) (
为?
)
铺平道路，
(
为?
)
作好准备
e.g. Galileo's achievements in physical
science paved the way for Newton’s
discoveries.
伽利略在
物理学上的成就为牛顿的发现铺平了道路。
e.g. A
good education paved the way to success.
良好的教育为成功铺平了道路。
Text C
遗产
比尔·盖瑟
Paragraph1-4
1.
一
天下午，我和本吉一起在院子里干活。这是大学学期之间的一个夏季，对我的儿子来
说是
个前途不定的时期。
本吉想步我的后尘成为一名音乐家，
但他却
急于求成。
我很同情他，
希望能对他说些什么。
2.
休息的时候，本吉环视着我们那
15
英亩有小河，有树林，还有绵延起伏的草地的土
地。
“这地方真美
,
”他说。
“你们是怎么弄到手的？”
3.
“我一直在想你什么时候会问起这件事，
”我回答说。在我们即将离开或失去有些东西
之前，我们往往把它们视为当然而不予
重视。接着我就给本吉讲了下面的故事。
4.
当时我
们的第一个孩子苏珊娜刚刚出生。我和格洛里亚在我长大的一个镇上教书。我
们需要土地
以便能建造一所房子。
5.
我注意到
镇南有一块放牧牛群的土地，那块地是属于
92
岁的退休银行家
尤尔先生的。他
在这一地区拥有很多土地，
但他一块也不卖。<
/p>
他对每一个来询问的人都给以同样的回答：
“我
< br>答应过这里的农夫，让他们用这里的土地放牧他们的牛群。
”
6.
不过，我和格洛里亚还是到银行去拜访了他——因为他仍在那
里消磨日子。我们走过
一扇令人生畏的桃花心木门，进入一间光线暗淡的办公室。尤尔先
生坐在一张办公桌后面，
正在看《华尔街日报》
。他几乎没怎么
挪动，只是从他那副双光眼镜上方看着我们。
7.
“不卖
，
”当我告诉他我们对这块地感兴趣时，他和蔼地说。
“已答应
一个农夫用它放
牧了。
”
8.
“我知道，
”我忐忑不安地回答说。
“
但是我们在这里教书，我们原以为也许你会把它