关键词不能为空

当前您在: 主页 > 英语 >

英语修辞手法总结

作者:高考题库网
来源:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao
2021-02-08 14:49
tags:

-

2021年2月8日发(作者:cattle)


英语修辞手法




< /p>


英语中的修辞与汉语的修辞相比


,


分类细


,


种类多


.


下 面将英语的修辞简单介


绍如下


:






1.


Simile


明喻




< /p>


明喻是将具有


共性的不同事物


作对比


.


这种共性存在于人们的心里


,

< p>


不是事物的自然属性


.




标志词常用



like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as



.




例如


:




1>.He was


like


a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow.




2>.I wandered lonely


as


a cloud.




3>.Einstein only had a blanket on,


as if


he had just walked out of a fairy


tale.





2.


Metaphor


隐喻


,


暗喻





隐喻是简缩了的明喻


,



将某一事物的名称用于另一事物


,


通过


比较




.




例如


:




1>.Hope is a good


breakfast


, but it is a bad


supper


.




2>.Some


books


are


to


be


tasted,


others


swallowed,


and


some


few


to


be


chewed and digested.





3.


Metonymy


借喻


,


转喻





借喻不直接说出所要说的事物


,


而使


用另一个与之相关的事物名称


.




I.


以容器代替内容


,


例如


:




1>.The


kettle


boils.


水开了


.




2>.The


room


sat silent.


全屋人安静地坐着


.




II.


以 资料


.


工具代替事物的名称


,


例如


:




Lend me your


ears


, please.


请听我说


.




III.


以作者代替作品

< p>
,


例如


:




a complete


Shakespeare



莎士比亚全集





VI.


以具体事物代替抽象概念


,


例如


:




I had the


muscle


, and they made money out of it.


我有力气


,


他 们就用我


的力气赚钱


.





4


.Synecdoche


提喻




< /p>


提喻


用部分代替全体


,

< br>或用全体代替部分


,


或特殊代替一般

.




例如


:




1>.There are about 100


hands


working in his factory.(


部分代整体


)




他的厂里约有


100


名工人


.




2>.He is the


Newton


of this century.(


特殊代一般


)




他是本世纪的牛顿


.




3>.The


fox


goes very well with your cap.


(整体代部分)





这狐皮围脖与你的帽子很相配


.





5.


Synaesthesia


通感


,


联觉


,


移觉





这种修 辞法是


以视


.



.



.



.


味等感觉直接描写事物


.


通感就是把< /p>


不同


感官的感觉


沟通起来,借

< p>
联想


引起感觉转移,



以 感觉写感觉”











通感技巧的运用,能突破语言的局 限,丰富表情达意的审美情趣,


起到增强文采的艺术效果。比如:欣赏建筑的重复与变化 的样式会联想到


音乐的重复与变化的节奏;闻到酸的东西会联想到尖锐的物体;听到飘渺


轻柔的音乐会联想到薄薄的半透明的纱子;又比如朱自清《荷塘月色》里


的“



微风过处送来缕缕清香


,


仿佛远处高楼上渺茫的歌声似的”






例如


:




1>.The birds sat upon a tree and poured forth their lily like v oice.



用视觉


形容听觉,鸟落在 树上,由它发出的声音联想到百合花)





鸟儿落在树上


,

倾泻出百合花似的声音


.




2>


.Taste


the music of Mozart.


(用嗅觉形容听觉)





品尝


Mo zart


的音乐


.





ification


拟人




< /p>


拟人是


把生命赋予无生命的事物


.





例如


:




1>.The night gently


lays


her hand at our fevered heads.


(把夜拟人化)





2>.I was very happy and could hear the birds


singing


in the woods.


(把鸟


拟人化)






7.


Hyperbole


夸张




< /p>


夸张是以


言过其实


的说法表达强调的目的


.


它可以加强语势


,

< br>增加表达


效果


..




例如


:




1>


.I beg a thousand pardons.




2>.Love you. You are the whole world to me, and the moon and the stars.




3>.When she heard the bad news,


a river of tears


poured out.





8.


Parallelism


排比


,


平行





这种修辞法是把两个或两个以上的 结构大体相同或相似


,


意思相关


,



气一致的短语


.


句子排列成串


,


形成一个整体


.




例如


:




1>.No one can be perfectly free till all are free; no one can be perfectly


moral till all are moral; no one can be perfectly happy till all are happy.




2>.In the days when all these things are to be answered for, I summon you


and yours, to the last of your bad race, to answer for them. In the days when all


these things are to be answered for, I summon your brother, the worst of your


bad race, to answer for them separately.





9.


Euphemism


委婉


,


婉辞法





婉辞法指用委婉

< br>,


文雅的方法表达粗恶


,


避讳的 话


.




例如


:




1>.He is out visiting the necessary.??


他出去方便一下


.




2>.His relation with his wife has not been fortunate.


他与妻子关系不融



.




3>.Deng Xiaoping passed away in 1997.


(去世)






10.


Allegory


讽喻


,


比方(原意“寓言”



建立在


假借过去或别处的事例 与对象


之上,传达


暗示,影射或者讥讽现世

各种现象的含义




英文解释:


an


expressive


style


that


uses


fictional


characters


and


events


to


describe some subject by suggestive resemblances; an extended metaphor



自英语专业《大学英语教程》一书





这是一种源于希腊文的修辞法


,


意为



换个方式的 说法



它是一种形象


的描述


,


具有双重性


,


表层含义与 真正意味的是两回事


.




例如


:




1>.


Make the hay while the sun shines.














表层含义:趁着出太阳的时候晒草














真正意味:趁热打铁






2>.


It's time to turn plough into sword.













表层含义:是时候把犁变成剑






11.


Irony


反语




< /p>


反语指用


相反意义的词


来表达意思的作文 方式


.



在指责过失

< br>.


错误时


,


用赞同过失的说法< /p>


,


而在表扬时


,


则近乎责难的说法


.




例如


:




1>.It would be a fine thing indeed not knowing what time it was in the


morning.



早上没有时间观 念还真是一件好事啊(真实含义是应该明确早上的时间


观念)





2>


waiter said to the beggar.






双关




< /p>


双关就是用


一个词在句子中的双重含义


,


借题发挥


.


作出多种解释


,


旁敲


侧击


,


从而达到意想不到的幽默


.


滑稽效果


.


它主要以相似的词形


.


词意 和谐


音的方式出现


.




例如


:




1>.She


is


too


low


for


a


high


praise,


too


brown


for


a


fair


praise


and


too


little for a great praise.




2>.An ambassador is an honest man who lies abroad for the good of his


country.




3>.If we don't hang together, we shall hang separately.





13.


Parody


仿拟




< /p>


这是一种


模仿名言


.

警句


.


谚语


,

改动其中部分词语


,


从而使其产生新意

的修辞


.




例如


:




1>.Rome was not built in a day, nor in a year.




2>.A friend in need is a friend to be avoided.




3>.If you give a girl an inch nowadays she will make address of it.





14.


Rhetorical question


修辞疑问(反问)





它与疑问句的不同在于它并不以得到答复为目的


,


而是以疑问为手段


,


取得 修辞上的效果


,


其特点是


:

< p>
肯定问句表示强烈否定


,


而否定问句表示强烈


的肯定


.


它的答案往往是不言而喻的


.




例如


:




1>.How


was


it


possible


to


walk


for


an


hour


through


the


woods


and


see


nothing worth of note?




2>.Shall we allow those untruths to go unanswered?








15


.Antithesis


对照< /p>


,


对比


,


对偶< /p>





这种修辞 指将


意义完全相反的语句排在一起对比


的一种修辞方法


.




例如


:




1>.Not that I loved Caeser less but that I loved Romemore.




2>.You are staying; I am going.




3>.Give me liberty, or give me death.





16.


Paradox


隽语




< /p>


这是一种


貌似矛盾


,

但包含一定哲理的意味深长的说法


,


是一种


矛盾



辞法


..




例如


:




1>.


More haste, less speed.


欲速则不达





2>.The child is the father to the man.


(童年时代可决定人之未来)三岁


看大 ,四岁看老。







17.


Oxymoron


反意法


,


逆喻





这也是一种矛盾修辞法

< p>
,


用两种不相调和的特征形容一个事物


,



不协


调的搭配


使读者 领悟句中微妙的含义


.




例如


:




1>.No light, but rather darkness visible.


没有光亮,黑暗却清晰可见





2>.The state of this house is cheerless welcome.





18.


Climax


渐进法


,


层进法





这种修辞是将一系列词语按照


意念的 大小


.


轻重


.


深浅


.


高低等逐层渐进


,


最后达到顶点


.


可以增强语势


,


逐渐加深读者印象


.




例如


:




1>.I am sorry, I am so sorry, I am so extremely sorry.




2>.Eye had not seen nor ear heard, and nothing had touched his heart of


stone.





19.


Anticlimax


渐降法






climax


相反的一种修辞法


,


将一系列词语


由大到小

< br>,


由强到弱地排列


.




例如


:




1>.On his breast he wears his decorations, at his side a sword, on his feet


a pair of boots.




2>.The duties of a soldier are to protect his country and peel potatoes


英语修辞手法总结




Figures of speech (


修辞


)are ways of making our language figurative. When we use words in other than their


ordinary or literal sense to lend force to an idea, to heighten effect, or to create suggestive imagery, we are


said to be speaking or writing figuratively. Now we are going to talk about some common forms of figures


of speech.





1) Simile



(


明喻)


It is a figure of speech which makes a comparison between two unlike elements having at



least one quality or characteristic (


特性


)in common. To make the comparison, words like as, as...as, as if


and like are used to transfer the quality we associate with one to the other. For example, As cold waters to a


thirsty soul, so is good news from a far country.





2) Metaphor



(


暗喻)


It is like a simile, also makes a comparison between two unlike elements, but unlike a

-


-


-


-


-


-


-


-



本文更新与2021-02-08 14:49,由作者提供,不代表本网站立场,转载请注明出处:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao/615193.html

英语修辞手法总结的相关文章