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2018
高考英语阅读理解词义猜测题专题
突破
Step1
猜测词义常见设问方式
1.
Which of the
following is the nearest in meaning to
“
’’?
2.
What does the author probably mean by
“
’’
?
3.
The word
“
’’
in the
contest means _____.
4.
The term can be best replaced by _____.
5.
The word
“
’’
probably refers to ____.
6.
As used in the
line
…
the word
“
’’
refers to ______.
7.
According to
the passage, the word
“
’’
is known
as_____.
8.
The
passage use the word
“
’’
to refer to ____
9.
According to
the author, the underlined word
“
’’
means____.
10.
From the context/ passage, we can infer
that the word
“
’’
means _____.
在
词义猜测题中，有些词汇并非生词，只需要根据上下文去推测它应在文章中的具
体含义，
或找出其指代对象。做这类题，应仔细阅读出现该词的上下文，文章中往往会
对这类词或
短语进行重复解释或概括归纳。因此答案往往可从文章中找出或推测出。
Step2.
方法探究
1. Charlotte
’
s
tale was inspired by the
girls
’
coin collection.
“
We
’
ve
collected foreign coins for
years-since
our
families
went
on
holiday
to
Tenerife,
”
she
explains.
“
That
was
before
the
Euro,
so we put pesetas in.
”
The underlined word
“
pesetas
”
in Paragraph 2
is a kind of _______.
A. story
B. collection
C. inspiration
D. foreign coin
2. Today
when many tend to worry more about their own
happiness, Houng
’
s deeds
remind us
of what we usually neglect:
love and care for others. Without these, none of
us could survive.
Houng turned down
donations from others. He said he felt encouraged
by kind offers, but he
could depend on
his own work.
The
underlined word
“
donation
”
in Para.3 probably means
______.
A. invitation to give a speech
B. something, especially given to help
others
C. questions asked by
interviewers
D.
chances to be a hero
【思考归纳】这两道题你是如何得出答案
的？从中你有什么启发和收获？跟大家分享一
下。
____________________________________________ ________________________________
3. The
elder learn to master the Internet and to overcome
what Lansdale calls the maladies of
the
institutionalized: loneliness, helplessness,
boredom, and lose of memory.
4.
Some
ships
carried
cargo
such
as
coal,
oil
and
military
supplies
(
军用物资
),while
others
carried only
passengers.
5. Scientists grow large
quantities of common mould
(
霉菌
)so that they can get
penicillin from
.
.
it in order to make antibiotics, that
is, substances that kill germs.
6.
Marine biology, the study of oceanic plants and
animals and their relation, has furthered the
efficient development of fisheries.
7. Yet, shopkeepers may have to spend
extra hours to deal with problems, such as
shoplifter,
who always takes away
things from the shop without paying for them.
【思考归纳】这几道题你是如何得出答案的？从中你有什么启发和收获？跟大家分享一
下。
___________________
__________________________________________________
_______
8. Tom is considered an
autocratic administrator because he makes
decisions without seeking
the opinions
of others.
From the
passage, we can infer that the word
“
autocratic
’’
means
______
A. friendly to others
B.
modest and kindly
C. sticking to
one
’
s own opinion
D.
hard-working
9.
Answer the following questions by using the
information taken from a dictionary page.
jazz:
1.
n.
a
type
of
music
that
originated
in
New
Orleans
and
is
characterized
by
rhythmic beats. 2.
n.
popular dance music
influenced by jazz. 3.
n.
slang. Empty talk. 4.
adj.
of or like jazz; a jazz band, jazz
records.
What does the word
“
jazz
”
mean in the following sentence?
Don
’
t give me
that jazz, for I am a practical person.
A. Rhythmic beats.
B. A type of
music.
C. A kind of dance.
D. Meaningless
talk.
【思考归纳】这两道题你是如何得出答案的？从中
你有什么启发和收获？跟大家分享一
下。
________________________________________________ ____________________________
10.
“
Unlike
vitamin
C,
leadership
skills
can
’
t
be
easily
swallowed
down.
They
must
be
carefully
cultivated.
”
The
underlined word
“
cultivated<
/p>
”
(Paragraph 1) roughly means
______.
A. encouraged
B. compared
C. examined
D.
developed
11. Written language tends to
be static, while spoken language constantly
changes.
According to the
author, the underlined word static means ______.
A. unchangeable
B. inactive
C. respective
D.
widespread
12. Unlike the Unite States
where many different nationalities make up the
population, Japan
’
s
population is quite homogeneous.
【思考归纳】这三道题你是如何得出答案的？从中你有什么启发和收获？跟大家分享一
下。
_____________________
__________________________________________________
_____
13. Millions of animals die each
year on US roads, the Federal Highway
administration reports.
In fact, only
about 80 ocelots, an endangered wild cat exist in
the US today. The main reason?
Roadkill.
.
.
14. Mansion, church, battle site,
theatre and other public halls can be preserved. <
/p>
【思考归纳】
这道题你是如何得出答案的？从中你有什么启发和收
获？跟大家分享一下。
_________________
__________________________________________________
_________
15. You can take any of the
periodicals: The World of English, Foreign
Language Teaching in
School, of English
learning.
16.
Many
United
nations
employees
are
polyglots:
Mr.
Simpson,
for
example,
speaks
five
languages fluently.
【思考归纳】这两道题你是如何得出答案的？从中你有什么启发和收获？跟大家分享一
下。
__________________
__________________________________________________
________
17. Exhibition officials said
that a person bitten by one of these snakes would
need at least 80
ml of an anti-poison
medicine to be saved.
18. Although
simplified Chinese characters were accepted for
use many years ago, it seems that
more
and more people like Chinese characters in the
complex form.
【思考归纳】这两道题你是如何得出答案的？从中你有什
么启发和收获？跟大家分享一
下。
_
__________________________________________________
_________________________
19.
下题中划线的词可换为：
New
York, 10 November, 5:27 p.m., yesterday. Biggest
power failure in the city
’
s
history.
A. enough
B.
not passing
C. lack of
D.
lack
【思考归纳】
这道题你是如何得出答案的？从中你有
什么启发和收获？跟大家分享一下。
___________
__________________________________________________
_______________
20. Rainforests like
the Amazon are important for mopping up
CO
2
from the atmosphere and
helping to slow global warming.
The underlined phrase
“
mopping up
”
in the second paragraph
means _______.
A. cleaning up
B.
taking in
C. wiping out
D. giving up
21. She walked quietly to the small
room by the lift and took a mop. She pushed past
the desk
and as the nurse looked up.
Mum nodded and said,
“
Very
dirty floor.
”
【思考
归纳】这两道题你是如何得出答案的？从中你有什么启发和收获？跟大家分享一
下。
_____________________________
_______________________________________________
22. The most important reason for such
a visit is to realize how our ancestors
battled nature
with the
basic tools they had.
23. The aging of
the population will affect American society in
many ways-education, medicine,
and
business.
The underlined work
“
aging
”
means
______.
A. counting the number of years
someone lives
B. the numbers of years
someone lives
C. becoming older
.
.
D. making someone looking older
【思考归纳】这两道题你是如何得出答案的？从中你有什么启发和收获？跟大家分享一
< br>下。
______________________
__________________________________________________
____
检测反馈
运用方法探究中
学到的技巧，快来一试身手吧！看谁做得又快又好！
A
I
have
been
consistently
opposed
to
feeding
a
baby
regularly.
As
a
doctor,
mother
and
scientist in child development I
believe there is nothing to recommend it, from the
baby’s point
of view.
Mothers, doctors and nurses alike have
no idea of where a baby’s blood sugar level lies.
All
we
know
is
that
a
low
level
is
harmful
to
brain
development
and
makes
a
baby
easily
annoyed. In this
state, the baby is difficult to calm down and
sleep is impossible. The baby asks
for
attention by crying and searching for food with
its mouth.
It is not just unkind but
also dangerous to say a four-hourly feeding
schedule will make a
baby
satisfied.
The
first
of
the
experts
to
advocate
a
strict
clock-watching
schedule
was
Dr.
Frederic
Truby
King
who
was
against
feeding
in
the
night.
I’ve
never
heard
anything
so
ridiculo
us.
Baby
feeding
shouldn’t
follow
a
timetable
set
by
the
mum.
What
is
important
is
feeding a baby in the best way, though
it may cause some inconvenience in the first few
weeks.
Well, at last we have copper-
bottomed research that supports demand feeding and
points
out the weaknesses of strictly
timed feeding. The research finds out that babies
who are fed on
demand do better at
school at age 5, 7, 11 and 14, than babies fed
according to the clock. By
the age of
8, their IQ
（智商）
scores are
four to five percent higher than babies fed by a
rigid
timetable. This research comes
from Oxford and Essex University using a
sample
（样本）
of
10,419 children born in the early
1990s,taking account of parental education, family
income, a
child’s
sex
and
age,
the
mother’s
health
and
feeling
style.
These
results
don’t
surprise
me.
Feeding according to schedule runs the
risk of harming the rapidly growing brain by
taking no
account of sinking blood
sugar levels.
I hope this research will
put an end to advocating strictly timed baby
feeling practices.
小题
1:What
does the author think about Dr King?
A
．
He is strict
B
．
He is unkind
C
．
He has the
wrong idea.
D
．
He
sets a timetable for mothers
小题
2:The word copper-bottomed
in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to _________
A
．
basic
B
．
reliable
C
．
surprising
D
．
interesting
小题
3:What does the research
tell us about feeling a baby on demand?
A
．
The baby will
sleep well.
.
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