-
letters and
calls,
a
nd
do pra
ctical
t
hings for t
he
masse
s combine good, effective through
rea
chi
ng
pe
opl
e at the
servi
ce of the
development
of new energy, new Ge
neral Secretary
XI Jinping stressed
devel
opment
of
innov
ation forest
restr
uct
uring,
revitali
zation
of the
ol
d industrial
bases
i
n Northeast
Chi
na is the State's major
strategy,
Central
has
issue
d
com
prehe
nsive
opi
nions of
revitalizi
ng Northeast
Chi
na and ot
her
ol
d industrial
bases, the
CPC
Central Committee on
revitali
zation i
n
Northea
st Chi
na were ...
V
igorous determi
nation
doe
s not waver, the work
does not sla
cken off. Be
firm with i
n the development
ha
s more to
do
wit
h hard, and not m
uddle
along,
passive
i
nacti
on.
o rely
on their ow
n efforts,
ca
n't wait, ca
n't wait,
stand still. T
his
not only
pr
ovide
s new
opportunities for
development i
n our
regi
on, and gave us new requirements.
We must
seize the
opport
unity, full use of
national
poli
cy,
has to
be more
compli
cated, to
start and
target, give full
play to
the
initiative of leadi
ng
cadre
s at all levels,
a
ctive, active
, focusing
on buil
ding new
moment
um for development,
a
cce
lerating transformation
of forest devel
opme
nt. To
impleme
nt the ne
w
devel
opme
nt
phi
losophy.
Phil
osophy i
s the
a
ction g
uide
, new
i
deas a
nd
new
dev
elopments.
Carrying out
innova
tion,
coor
dinati
on a
nd
development of green, open, shared
i
deas, must be
mea
surabl
e,
dire
ct acti
on
wit
h new
development
conce
pts, traini
ng
cadre
s. In a
new
development concept a
s a
yardstick. Establi
she
d in
li
ne with t
he new
conce
pt of
evaluati
on system a
nd
eval
uation
criterion,
embodie
s the new dev
elopment
policy, organi
zation, mandate
implement
ati
on,
alway
s measure
d by the
new development phil
osophy,
continuous correcti
on
of
forest transition course. In a
new
devel
opme
nt concept for the
path command. As part
of the
implementati
on of the new
development phil
osophy
f
ollowe
d and
acti
on
gui
deli
nes,
firmly adjusted,
corre
cted and
reje
ct unsuita
ble,
inappropriate a
nd eve
n
against the
new dev
elopment
idea
s, behavi
ors and
pra
ctices
, more pragmatic
approach ba
sed
on
a
broa
d visi
on,
a
nd
creatively carry
out e
col
ogical
construction, industrial
devel
opme
nt,
improvi
ng
pe
ople'
s
liveli
hood,
such as
t
he work t
o ensure
t
hat new
devel
opment i
deas
take r
oot in fore
st areas.
In a new
development concept for
w
eapon traini
ng
ca
dre. E
ducati
on
l
eaders
n the
new,
not
hing
cles,
enhancing vitality a
nd
powe
r. Combined development
ndustry
ntation
e
big
e
ngine
ering
big
e
nvironme
nt
ning
on
new
development, a
nd new economy
concept of lear
ning, a
nd
gra
sp a
nd
using
, real put thought
a
nd a
ction unified to
new
development
conce
pt up,
at with new
dev
elopment concept arme
d
himself, and gui
de
practice,
effective do advocate innovati
on,
a
nd focused
on
coor
dinati
on, a
nd
a
dvocate green, and thick
pl
ant open, a
nd
a
dvance shared. Se
cond, we
must rely
on S
cience
a
nd
te
chnol
ogy
affects. T
chnical i
nnovation
is the
promotion of economic
transformation a
nd
upgradi
ng, quality and efficiency
常见生化检查项目的临床意义
----
检验科
丙氨酸转移酶（
ALT
）
增高
:
肝胆疾病（如：病毒性肝炎、肝硬化活动期、肝癌、中毒型肝炎、胆管炎、
胆囊
炎等）、心血管疾病（如：心肌梗塞、心肌炎、心力衰竭时肝淤血、
脑出血等）、骨骼肌
组织受损、药物性肝损害（如：氯丙嗪、异烟肼、奎
宁、水杨酸制剂、抗癌药、四氯化碳
、酒精、铅、汞等）。
碱性磷酸酶
(ALP)
增高：
肝胆疾病
（阻塞性黄疸、
急性或慢性黄疸型肝
炎、
肝癌等）
、
骨骼疾病
（纤
维性骨炎、成骨不全症、佝偻病、骨转移癌、骨折修复愈合期等）。
主要用于骨骼、肝胆系统疾病等的诊断和鉴别诊断，尤其是黄疸的
鉴别。
r-
谷氨酰转移酶（
GGT
）又称为
r-
谷
氨酰转肽酶（
r-GT
）
增高：胰腺癌和泛特氏壶腹癌、胆道梗阻、恶性肿瘤有无肝转移、嗜酒或长期接
受某些药物如苯巴比妥、避孕药等。
天门冬氨基酸转移酶
(AST)
增高
：急性心肌梗塞、急性肝炎、药物中毒性肝细胞坏死、慢性肝炎、肝硬化、
肝硬变活动期
、心肌炎、皮肌炎、肾炎、胆道疾病、急性胰腺炎、胆道阻
塞、肝癌等。
乳酸脱氢酶
(LDH)
增
高：心肌梗塞、肝胆疾病（如：肝炎、肝癌、肝硬化、阻塞性黄疸等）、肺梗
塞、急性白
血病、非霍奇金淋巴瘤、神经母细胞瘤、乳腺癌、结肠癌、胃
癌及肺癌等。
（由于各组织中
LDH
含量较血清高上千倍，
微量损伤也足以
引起血清
LDH
升高，故该项检查敏感性较高，正因为如此，
其特异性就相
< br>对较差，
但这一特点可以用于分析无明显原因升高的
LD
H
及其同工酶，
可
以为早期发现无症状
肿瘤病人提供线索）。（同工酶有：
LD1
—
< br>LD5
）
胆碱脂酶
(CHE)
CHE
是判断肝脏合成功能的指标，是协助有机磷中毒诊断及预后估计的重要
手
段。胆碱酯酶在肝脏中合成，然后分泌到血液中。
增高：甲亢、糖尿病、肾病综合征、脂肪肝等。
减低：有机磷和氨基甲酸脂类杀虫剂中毒时，
其活性明显降低；
各种慢性肝脏疾
病，如肝炎（包括病毒性肝炎、阿米巴肝炎），肝脓肿和肝硬
化病人中，
约有
50%
患者
ChE
活性降低，各种肝病时病情越差，其活性越低，持续降
低无回升迹象者多预后不良；肝、胆疾病都会引起
ALT
、
r-GT
升高，往往
难以进行鉴
别，
如果增加
ChE
测定，
可以发现
ChE
活性降低者均为肝脏疾
病，而正常者多为胆道疾病；营养不良时亦可减低。
ivelihood,
i
s related to
people's
w
ell-being a
nd
social harm
ony and
stabi
lity. We
nee
d to prote
ct
and improve t
he liveli
hood
of the pe
ople a
s the
starting
poi
nt and ending
point
of transition and improve forest
people's feeli
ng and
ha
ppi
ness.
To
promote
poverty
relief
and
devel
opme
nt work.
Im
pl
ementing poverty
alleviation cr
ucial
proje
ct is a major
strategic
de
cisi
on made by the
CPC
Central
Committee, is also
determi
ned
by the
pr
ovincial
ct
ng
and action to the requirements of the Central,
provi
ncial,
re
sol
utely win
t
he poverty battle. T
he
previ
ous
pha
se
I to 18 stations,
ahe,
Pine Ridge research, visite
d
m
any of the
poor, go,
t
he heavie
r, more
pressure. For poverty relief and
devel
opme
nt work, we must
pay attention to it, always i
n mind,
graspi
ng ha
nds,
shoul
d not be bli
ndly
optimisti
c, ther
e can
be no sla
ck. Poverty
alleviation and devel
opme
nt
l
ies in pre
cise
,
accurate. Pre
sent, i
n order
to find
out the real base of poor
pe
opl
e as soon as possible,
come
up
wit
feasible poverty
sta
ndards, state
card,
built
on t
he
basis
of docume
nt
manageme
nt. To firmly establish the
duction
conce
pt,
increase
the i
ntensity
of resource i
ntegration, and
related fundi
ng, w
ith
limited funds wisely.
By using
a
com
binati
on
of employme
nt,
entre
prene
urship for
poverty eradication poverty
eradi
cation, educati
on,
pov
erty alleviation, medi
cal
ai
d of poverty means, due to
eff
ects of policie
s, those
poli
cies, ensure
t
he completi
on
of
mission obje
ctives for poverty
eradi
cation for the ye
ar.
o a
ctively
pr
omote the
construction of
new tow
ns. In
Fe
bruary t
his
yea
r, promulgate
d by the
State Council
on furt
her
pr
omoting
urba
nizati
on
construction of ne
w
opini
ons, proposed t
o adhere
t
o the
people
-ce
ntered,
four moderni
zations
synchr
oni
zation,
optimization, ecology
civilizati
on a
nd
cultural heritage of ne
w
ur
banizati
on
path
with Chinese
chara
cteristics.
A
ccor
ding t
o
distri
ct-wi
de
constructi
on
of
civili
zed
city and the
bea
utiful
countryside
, further
strengthe
ning
of
urban
transport, water supply
a
nd
drainage a
nd
sewage, wa
ste disposal
ground, underground, such as infrastructure
construction, strive to
create a safer and more
liva
ble envir
onment. To
a
ctively sei
ze the
ful
l stop
and
opport
unitie
s for
poverty all
eviation
and
devel
opment
,
further efforts to i
ncrease forest
villages merge,
populati
on
to t
he County (di
strict)
Council site
s and ce
ntres
concentrated i
n villages a
nd
t
owns. Combined development of
ur
ban
construction and
touri
sm industrie
s, careful
planning a
nd
construction of a number of
suitabl
e for reside
ntial and
farm tour tow
ns a
nd
village
s, forming one village
one
product
, a
feature pattern.
Closer to the masses.
Since last year, our
i
n-de
pth
impleme
ntation of the
lea
ding
cadres
of
grassroots masse
s at work, solve the
problems of a large
number
of pe
ople, get t
he
masse
s give whole
hearted
support to a
nd
praise,
t
his w
ork will
carry on, absolutely
cannot
or movement.
Grassroots
masses and ca
dres i
n
com
binati
on wit
h
poverty reduction, combined
with the
stea
dy work of
letters and
calls, a
nd
do
pra
ctical t
hings for
t
he masse
s combine good,
effective through rea
chi
ng
pe
opl
e at the
servi
ce of the
development
of new energy, new Ge
neral Secretary
XI Jinping stressed
devel
opment
of
innovation forest
restr
uct
uring,
revitali
zation
of the
ol
d industrial
bases
i
n Northeast
Chi
na is the State's major
strategy,
Central
has
issue
d
com
prehe
nsive
opi
nions of
revitalizi
ng Northeast
Chi
na and ot
her
ol
d industrial
bases, the
CPC
Central Com
mittee on
revitali
zation i
n
Northea
st Chi
na were ...
V
igorous determi
nation
doe
s not waver, the work
does not sla
cken off. Be
firm with i
n the development
ha
s more to
do
wit
h hard, and not m
uddle
along,
passive
i
nacti
on.
o rely
on their ow
n efforts,
ca
n't wait, ca
n't wait,
stand still. T
his
not only
pr
ovide
s new
opportunities for
development i
n our
regi
on, and gave us new requirements.
We must
seize the
opport
unity, full use of
national
poli
cy,
has to
be more
compli
cated, to
start and
target, give full
play to
the
initiative of leadi
ng
cadre
s at all levels,
a
ctive, active
, focusing
on buil
ding new
moment
um for development,
a
cce
lerating transformation
of forest devel
opme
nt. To
impleme
nt the ne
w
devel
opme
nt
phi
losophy.
Phil
osophy i
s the
a
ction g
uide
, new
i
deas a
nd
new
dev
elopments.
Carrying out
innova
tion,
coor
dinati
on a
nd
development of green, open, shared
i
deas, must be
mea
surabl
e,
dire
ct acti
on
wit
h new
development
conce
pts, traini
ng
cadre
s. In a
new
development concept a
s a
yardstick. Establi
she
d in
li
ne with t
he new
conce
pt of
evaluati
on system a
nd
eval
uation
criterion,
embodie
s the new dev
elopment
policy, organi
zation, mandate
implementati
on, alway
s
measure
d by the
new
development phil
osophy, continuous
correcti
on
of forest
transition course. In a
new
devel
opme
nt concept for the
path command. As part
of the
implementati
on of the new
development phil
osophy
f
ollowe
d and
acti
on
gui
deli
nes, firmly adjusted,
corre
cted and
reje
ct unsuita
ble,
inappropriate a
nd eve
n
against the
new dev
elopment
idea
s, behavi
ors and
pra
ctices, more pragmatic
approach ba
sed
on
a
broa
d visi
on,
a
nd
creatively carry
out e
col
ogical
construction, industrial
devel
opme
nt,
improvi
ng
pe
ople'
s
liveli
hood,
such as
t
he work t
o ensure
t
hat new
devel
opment i
deas
take r
oot in fore
st areas.
In a new
development concept for
w
eapon traini
ng
ca
dre. E
ducati
on
l
eaders
n the
new,
not
hing
cles,
enhancing vitality a
nd
powe
r. Combined development
ndustry
ntation
e
big
e
ngine
ering
big
e
nvironme
nt
ning
on
new
development, a
nd new economy
concept of lear
ning, a
nd
gra
sp a
nd
using
, real put thought
a
nd a
ction unified to
new
development
conce
pt up,
at with new
dev
elopment concept arme
d
himself, and gui
de
practice,
effective do advocate innovati
on,
a
nd focused
on
coor
dinati
on, a
nd
a
dvocate green, and thick
pl
ant open, a
nd
a
dvance shared. Se
cond, we
must rely
on S
cience
a
nd
te
ch
nol
ogy
affects. T
chnical i
nnovation
is the
promotion of economic
transformation a
nd
upgradi
ng, quality and efficiency
AST/ALT
对于急、
慢性肝炎的诊断、
鉴别诊断及判断转归有一定的价值。急性肝炎
时，比值＜
1
；肝硬化时比值≥
2
；肝癌时比值≥
3
。
(
两者都明显升高时该
比值才有意义
)
特别注意：重症肝炎时，由于
大量的肝细胞坏死，血中
ALT
逐渐下降，而
< br>胆红素却进行性升高，
出现所谓的
“酶胆分离”
现象，
常是肝坏死的前兆。
< br>a-L-
岩藻糖苷酶（
AFU
）
增高：原发性肝癌（显著增高）；慢性肝炎、肝硬化（轻度升
高）；妊娠期妇女
随妊娠周数增加而增加，在自然分娩后或人工终止妊娠后迅速下降，<
/p>
5
天
后降至正常水平。
< br>
一般认为：
AF
U
的敏感性高于
AFP
，特异性则差于
AFP
。两者无明显的相
关性，
将两者联合监测可提高肝癌的检出率，
特别是对于
AFP
阴性和小细
胞肝癌的诊断价值更大。
由于
AFU
的变化与病情严重程度相平行，
并且早
于临床表现
1-2
个月，
因此可以将其作为原发性肝癌术后监测、
追踪观察
的理想指标以及疗效和预后判断的指标。
血
氨（
AMM
）
增高：肝性脑病（肝昏迷：成人血氨测定主要用于肝昏迷的监测和处理）、儿科
疾病（
如：
Reye
,
s
综合征）、对某些先天性代谢紊乱疾病（如：鸟氨酸循
环的氨基酸代谢缺陷）也有一
定的诊断价值。
正常情
况下，
氨在肝脏内转变成尿素。严重肝脏疾病时，氨不能从循环中
清除，引起血氨增高。
总胆红素
(TBIL)
增高：各种原因引起的黄疸
直接胆红素
(DBIL)
增高：阻塞性黄疸，肝细胞性黄疸
间
接胆红素
(IBI)L
症
增高：溶血性黄疸，肝细胞性黄疸
总胆汁酸
(TBA)
增高：肝胆疾病
（如：急慢性肝炎、门脉性肝硬化、胆汁淤积、原发性肝癌、药
物性黄疸及酒精性肝硬化
等）。其优越性在于：肝病早期、无黄疸的潜在
性肝病进展期以及肝实质细胞微小坏死等
情况下，
常规肝功能实验尚未检
出任何异常时，该项检查即可发
挥其诊断价值。此外，
TBA
测定还可用来
区别高胆红素血症和胆汁淤积：
TBA
正常而胆红素升高可
视为高胆红素血
症；反之则视为胆汁淤积；二者均升高则考虑为胆汁淤积性黄疸。
总蛋白
(TP)
增高：高度脱水症、血液浓缩、网状上皮系统增生、慢性肾上腺皮质机能减退及
多发性骨
髓瘤。
ivelihood, i
s
related to
people's w
ell-
being a
nd
social
harm
ony and stabi
lity. We
nee
d to prote
ct
and improve t
he liveli
hood
of the pe
ople a
s the
starting
poi
nt and ending
point
of transition and improve forest
people's feeli
ng and
ha
ppi
ness.
To
promote
poverty
relief and
devel
opme
nt work.
Im
pl
ementing poverty
alleviation cr
ucial
proje
ct is a major
strategic
de
cisi
on made by the
CPC
Central
Committee, is also
determi
ned
by the
pr
ovincial
ct
ng
and action to the requirements of the Central,
provi
ncial,
re
sol
utely win
t
he poverty battle. T
he
previ
ous
pha
se
I to 18 stations,
ahe,
Pine Ridge research, visite
d
many of the
poor, go, t
he
heavie
r, more
pressure. For
poverty relief and
devel
opme
nt work, we must
pay attention to it, always i
n mind,
graspi
ng ha
nds,
shoul
d not be bli
ndly
optimisti
c, ther
e can
be no sla
ck. Poverty
alleviation and devel
opme
nt
l
ies in pre
cise
,
accurate. Pre
sent, i
n order
to find
out the real base of poor
pe
opl
e as soon as possible,
come
up
wit
feasible poverty
sta
ndards, state
card,
built
on t
he
basis
of docume
nt
manageme
nt. To firmly establish the
duction
conce
pt,
increase
the i
ntensity
of resource i
ntegration, and
related fundi
ng, w
ith
limited funds wisely.
By using
a
com
binati
on
of employme
nt,
entr
prene
urship for
poverty eradication poverty
eradi
cation, educati
on,
pov
erty alleviation, medi
cal
ai
d of poverty means, due to effects of
policie
s, those
poli
cies, ensure
t
he completi
on
of
mission obje
ctives for poverty
eradi
cation for the ye
ar.
o a
ctively
pr
omote the
construction of
new tow
ns. In
Fe
bruary t
his
yea
r, promulgate
d by the
State Council
on furt
her
pr
omoting
urba
nizati
on
construction of ne
w
opini
ons, proposed t
o adhere
t
o the
people
-ce
ntered,
four moderni
zations
synchr
oni
zation,
optimization, ecology
civilizati
on a
nd
cultural heritage of ne
w
ur
banizati
on
path
with Chinese
chara
cteristics.
A
ccor
ding t
o
distri
ct-wi
de
constructi
on
of
civili
zed
city and the
bea
utiful
countryside
, further
strengthe
ning
of
urban
transport, water supply
a
nd
drainage a
nd
sewage, wa
ste disposal
ground, underground, such as infrastructure
construction, strive to
create a safer and more
liva
ble envir
onment. To
a
ctively sei
ze the
ful
l stop
and
opport
unitie
s for
poverty all
eviation
and
devel
opment
,
further efforts to i
ncreas
e
forest villages merge,
populati
on to t
he
County (di
strict) Council
site
s and ce
ntres
concentrated i
n villages a
nd
t
owns. Combined development of
ur
ban
construction and
touri
sm industrie
s, careful
planning a
nd
construction of a number of
suitabl
e for reside
ntial and
farm tour tow
ns a
nd
village
s, forming one village
one
product
, a
feature pattern.
Closer to the masses.
Since last year, our
i
n-de
pth
impleme
ntation of the
lea
ding
cadres
of
grassroots masse
s at work, solve the
problems of a large
number
of pe
ople, get t
he
masse
s give whole
hearted
support to a
nd
praise,
t
his w
ork will
carry on, absolutely
cannot
or movement.
Grassroots
masses and ca
dres i
n
com
binati
on wit
h
poverty reduction, combined
with the
stea
dy work of
letters and
calls, a
nd do pra
ctical
thi
ngs for the ma
sses
combi
ne good, effective
thr
oug
h reaching people at
the service
of the
he
devel
opme
nt of new
e
nergy,
new General
Se
cretary XI Jinping
stresse
d
devel
opme
nt of
innovat
ion forest
restr
uct
uring,
revitalizati
on
of the
ol
d industrial bases i
n
Northeast China is the State's major strategy,
Ce
ntral has
i
ssue
d
compre
hensive opini
ons
of revitalizing Northea
st
Chi
na and other old
i
ndustrial bases, t
he CPC
Ce
ntral Committee o
n
revitalization in
Nort
heast
China wer
e ... V
igorous
determi
nation does not waver, the work
does not sla
cken
off. Be
firm with in
the
development
ha
s more to do with
hard,
a
nd
not muddl
e
along, passive ina
ction. To rely on
t
heir ow
n efforts,
ca
n't wait, ca
n't wait,
stand still. T
his not only
provi
des
new opportunities
for devel
opme
nt in our
region, and gave us
new requirements.
We must se
ize the
opportunit
y, full use of
nati
onal
poli
cy,
has to
be more
compli
cated, to start a
nd
target, give full play to t
he
initiative of leadi
ng
cadre
s at all levels,
a
ctive, active, focusing on building
ne
w moment
um for
development, a
ccel
erating
transf
ormation of forest
devel
opme
nt. To
im
plement the new
development
phil
osophy.
Phil
osophy is t
he
acti
on gui
de,
new
ideas and ne
w
devel
opme
nts.
Carryi
ng out innova
tion,
coor
dinati
on a
nd
development of green, open, shared
i
deas, m
ust be
measurabl
e, dire
ct action
with
new development
concept
s, training
cadres.
In a
new dev
elopment concept
as a yardstick. E
stablished
i
n line
with the
new conce
pt of evaluation
system and evaluati
on
criteri
on, embodies t
he new
deve
lopme
nt policy,
organi
zation, mandate
im
plementati
on, always
mea
sure
d by the
new dev
elopment philosophy,
continuous correcti
on of forest
transition
course. In a ne
w
devel
opme
nt
conce
pt for the pat
h
command. A
s part of the
impl
ementation of the
new
devel
opme
nt philosophy
followe
d and acti
on
gui
deli
nes,
firm
ly adjusted,
corre
cted and
reje
ct unsuita
ble,
ina
ppr
opriate a
nd
eve
n against t
he
new devel
opme
nt
idea
s, be
haviors
a
nd
practi
ces,
more
pragmatic approa
ch
ba
sed
on a
broad
vi
sion, and creatively carry out
e
col
ogical
construction, industrial
development, impr
oving
people's livel
ihood, such as
t
he work t
o ensure that new
devel
opme
nt idea
s
take root in forest area
s. In a
new
developm
ent
concept for wea
pon training
cadre. Education leader
s
not
hing
es,
e
nha
nci
ng
vitality and
powe
r. Combined
development
nd
impl
ementation
ngine
ering
big
environment
heni
ng
o
n new
development,
a
nd new e
conomy concept of
lear
ning, a
nd grasp and
usi
ng, real
put thought
a
nd a
ction unified to
ne
w devel
opme
nt
conce
pt up, at with new
devel
opme
nt concept armed
himself, and g
uide
practice, effective do
a
dvocate innovation, and
focuse
d on
coordi
nation, and advocate
green, a
nd t
hick
plant
ope
n, and
advance shared. Second, we must rely on
Scie
nce and
te
chnol
ogy
aff
ects. T
chnical
i
nnovation i
s the
promotion of economic transformation
a
nd upgradi
ng, quality and
efficiency
3
降低：肝脏疾病、消耗性疾病、营
养不良、广泛烧伤、肾病综合征、大量反复性
胸腹水、溃疡性结肠炎、失血等。
白蛋白
(ALB)
增高：严重失水和血液浓缩。
降低：
营养不良、慢性消化道疾病、肝胆疾病、消耗性疾病、腹腔恶性肿瘤、恶
病质、神兵综合
征、遗传性无白蛋白血症。
前白蛋白（
PA
）
降低：炎症、恶性疾病时；
手术（手术创伤后
24
小时
PA
水平下降，
2-3
天时达
高峰，其下降可持续
1
周）、肝炎、肝硬化（
PA
在肝脏合成，各类肝炎、
肝硬化、致肝功能受到
损害时，由于合成减少，
PA
水平降低，是肝功能
障碍的一个敏感指标，对肝病的早期诊断有一定的价值）、营养不良、蛋
白质
消耗性疾病、肾病、妊娠或高雌激素血症。（负急性时相反应蛋白）
肝癌的血清标志物
常用标志物：甲胎
蛋白（
AFP
）、
AFP
异质体、异常凝血酶原、岩藻糖苷酶、
r-GT
及同
工酶、丙酮酸激酶等。
肝脏功能检查中项目代表作用
反应肝
细胞损伤：如
ALT
、
AST
等
反应合成功能：
C
hE
、
ALB
等
判断有无肿瘤、再生、胆道通畅情况：
r-GT
、
ALP
、
AFU
等
反应排泄功能：胆红素等
尿素
(UREA)
增高；各种原因引
起的无尿、尿毒症、严重肾功能衰竭、高蛋白饮食，糖尿病、
轻度肾功能低下等
降低：严重肝病等
肌酐
(CREA)
增高：各种原因引起的肾实质损害、尿路梗阻、心功能不全等。
降低：肌萎缩、贫血、白血病、尿崩症等。
尿酸
(UA)
增高：痛风、子痫、白
血病、红细胞增多症，多发性骨髓留，肾功能减退、中毒
性肝病等。
降低：俄性贫血、遗传性黄嘌呤尿症。
总胆固醇
(CHO)
增高：动脉粥样
硬化、肾病综合征、胆总管阻塞、糖尿病、粘液性水肿等。
甘油三酯
(TG)
增高：
动脉硬化、
冠心病、
糖尿病、
肾病综合征、
先天性脂蛋白酶缺陷、
脂肪肝、
口服避孕药等。
ivelihood, i
s related to
people's w
ell-being
a
nd soci
al harmony and
stabilit
y. We
need
t
o prote
ct and
im
prove the liv
elihood of
the people as the
starting point and
e
ndi
ng poi
nt of
transition and improve fore
st people's
feeli
ng and
ha
ppi
ness. T
o
promote
poverty relief and
devel
opme
nt work.
Im
pl
ementing
poverty alleviation cr
ucial
proje
ct is a major
strategi
c de
cision made
by the CPC Central Committee, is also
determine
d by the
provi
ncial
unify
think
ing and acti
on to
t
he requirements
of the
Ce
ntral,
provi
ncial
,
resol
utely win t
he poverty
battle. The previ
ous
pha
se
I to 18
stations, Tahe,
Pine Ridg
e
research, visite
d many of the poor, go,
the
heavier, more pressure. For poverty
relief a
nd development work,
we must pay attenti
on to it,
alway
s in mind, graspi
ng
ha
nds, shoul
d not be
bl
indly optimisti
c,
ther
e can
be no
sla
ck. Poverty alleviation and
devel
opment li
es in
pre
cise, a
ccurate.
Pre
sent, i
n order
t
o find o
ut the real
base
of poor
people as
soon as
possi
ble, come up with
feasible poverty standards, state card,
built
on the
basi
s of do
cume
nt
manageme
nt. To firmly
establi
sh the
on
ncrease the
inte
nsity of resour
ce
integration, and related fundi
ng, with
limited funds wisel
y.
By
usi
ng a
com
binati
on of employment, e
ntrepre
neur
shi
p for pove
rty eradication
pov
erty
era
dicati
on,
e
ducation, poverty
allevi
ation, medical ai
d of
poverty means,
due t
o
effects of poli
cies, those
policie
s, ensure the completion of
missi
on obje
ctives for
poverty eradicati
on for the year. To
actively
promote the construction of
new t
owns. In Fe
bruary
thi
s year,
promulgated by
the State Council
on further
prom
oting
ur
bani
zation
construction of new
opi
nions,
pr
opose
d to adhere to
t
he
pe
opl
e-centere
d,
four moderni
zations
synchr
onizati
on,
optimizati
on,
e
col
ogy
civili
zation a
nd
cult
ural heritage of
n
ew ur
banizati
on
path wit
h Chi
nese
chara
cteristics.
Accor
ding to district-wide
construction of civilize
d
city a
nd the
bea
utiful
countrysi
de, furt
her
strengt
heni
ng of urban
transport, water supply a
nd
drai
nage a
nd
sew
age, waste di
sposal
ground, underground, such as
i
nfrastructure
construction,
strive to create a
safer and
mor
e livable
e
nvironme
nt. To actively
seize the full
stop a
nd
opportunities for poverty alleviation
and deve
lopme
nt, further
efforts to i
ncrea
se forest
villages merge, populati
on to
t
he County (district) Council sites
a
nd
centres
conce
ntrated in
vill
ages and tow
ns.
Combi
ned
development of
ur
ban
construction and
touri
sm industries,
careful
pla
nni
ng and
constr
ucti
on of a number
of suitabl
e for
reside
ntial and farm tour towns and
villages, for
ming one
vill
age one product, a feature pattern.
Closer to the masses. Si
nce
la
st year, our
in
-de
pth
impl
ementation of the
lea
ding
cadres
of
grassroots ma
sses at w
ork,
solve t
he pr
oblems
of a large number of pe
ople,
get the masses give
w
hol
ehearte
d
support to and praise, this w
ork will
carry on, absol
utely
ca
nnot or movement.
Grassr
oots masses and ca
dres
in
combi
nation with
poverty reducti
on,
combi
ned
with the
stea
dy work of