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Lesson 4
An
exciting trip
激动人心的旅行
单词讲解
关键句型
课文讲解
练习
复习
补充内容
单词讲解
New words
and Expressions
exciting
adj.
receive v.
firm n.
different adj.
center n.
abroad adv.
★
1. exciting adj.
excited adj.
excite v.
eg.
The news excited us.
eg.
I have never been to
Australia. It must be an exciting trip.
eg.
He is
finding this trip very exciting.
eg.
We are excited at the
news.
be excited at sth
eg.
The
excited
girl
is
looking
forward
to
her
exciting
first
date
with
her
“
Mr.
Right
”
.
look forward date
eg.
The excited children
were expecting Christmas presents.
be expecting
类似的词：
surprising
surprised
interesting interested
shocking shocked
satisfying satisfied
disappointing
disappointed
moving
moved
touching touched
embarrassing embarrassed
★
2. receive
v.
receive sth from sb
receive a leeter
receive a present
receive a phone call
receive good education
eg.
You will receive a warm
welcome whenever you come to my home.
eg.
He has just received his
fortnight
’
s pay.
fortnight
receive accept
take bring
eg.
I
received an invitation to the party, but I
didn
’t accept
it.
eg.
I
received an apology from him but I
didn
’
t accept it.
eg.
I have
just received a letter from my brother.
receive a letter from
sb =hear from sb
eg.
Someone has taken my pen.
eg.
The waiter brought me a
glass of beer.
receiver
eg.
He put down the receiver
angrily.
=He rang off angrily.
★
3. firm
1) n.
eg.
He
is working for a big firm.
The firm of
Johnson $$ Johnson.
company
corporation
enterprise
group
2)
adj.
eg.
The leg of that
chair is not very firm.
eg.
Prices are still firm.
as firm as rock
a firm
foundation
3)
adj.
eg.
His reply to the
request was a firm
“
No!
”
.
★
4. different adj.
不同的（反义词
same
）
（
Br
）
A
is different from B. A
和
B<
/p>
是不同的。
(Br) A
is different to B.
eg.
The
word
“
receive
”
is different from
”
accept
”
.
eg.
Everyone is different
from others.
（
Am
）
A
is different from B. A is different than B.
eg.
You look different than
before.
difference n.
tell the difference between A and B
辨认
A
和
B
的差别
eg.
We can easily tell the
difference between the twins.
总结
很多以
ant/ent
结尾的为形容词，变成以
ance/ence
结尾后变为名词。
important importance
patient patience
distant distance
★
5. centre (U.S. -ter)
shopping center
training
center
service center
eg.
That girl likes to be
the center of attention.
。
eg.
Beijing is the center of
politice, economics and culture of China.
left, right and center
。
=here and there
eg.
I
’
ve been looking for you
left, right and center. Where have you been?
★
6. abroad
adv.
在国外
（
in or to another country
overseas
）
be
abroad go abroad live abroad
travel abroad
eg.
A great number of
outstanding young Chinese want to study abroad.
。
eg.
He will go abroad next
month.
。
关键句型
Key structures
现在完成时
构成：
have/has +
动词的过去分词
eg.
He has gone to Canada.
他去加拿大了。
eg.
I have lived here for
eighteen years.
我在这里住了
18
年了。
动词的不规则过去式，过去分词形式
go
–
went
–
gone drive
–
drove
–
driven sleep
–
slept
–
slept
功能：
1)
表示过去发生的动作对现在存在的影响。
(
通常与
already, yet
,just, ever, never
等表示不确定时间的时间副词连用。
)
eg.
He has already finished
his homework.
。
eg.
I have never been to
Paris.
。
eg.
I have just received a
letter from my borther, Tim.
。
eg.
He has just bought an Australian car and has gone
to Alice Springs.
eg.
He has been there for
six months.
。
eg.
He has already visited a
great number of different places.
。
eg.
My brother has never been abroad before.
。
eg.
He has retired now.
。
eg.
Have you ever been to
Australia?
eg.
Have you
read any good books lately?
eg.
I
haven
’
t been very successful
so far.
。
eg.
The train
hasn
’
t arrived yet.
yet
通常放在否定句或疑问句的句尾。
2)
表达从过去一直持续到现在并可能持续下去的动作或状态。
通常和表示一段时间的时间状语连用：
so far, up till (to) now, since, for a
long time, in the last few years, these
days
eg.
Great
changes have taken place in this city in the last
10 years.
。
eg.
He has studied English
since 10 years ago.
。
eg.
So far, I haven
’
t received a
single letter from my brother.
。
重点：
某些非延续性动词，在现在完成时中不能与表示一段时间的状语搭配。
常见的非延续性动词：
die, arrive, join, leave, go,
refuse(
失败
), fail, finish,
buy, marry, divorce,
borrow, lend
eg.
How long
have you bought the car?
╳
How long have you had the car?
√
eg.
She has gone away for a
month.
╳
She
has been away for amonth.
√
eg.
The man has died for two years.
╳
The man has
been dead for two years.
√
Exercises A
将括号中表示时间的状语放在恰当的位置：
1. I have had breakfast. (just)
I have just had breakfast.
。
2. He has
been in prison. (for six months)
He has been in prison for six months.
。
3. The police
have not caught the thief. (yet) caught
< br>抓捕（
catch
）
The police have not caught the thief
yet.
4. You have asked that question
three times. (already)
You have
already asked that question three times.
You have asked that question three
times already.
5. Have you been to
Switzerland? (ever) ?
Have you
ever been to Switzerland?
6. I have
been to Switzerland. (never)
I
have never been to Switzerland.
7. He
is wonderful runner. He has broken two records.
(so far)
He is wonderful runner.
He has broken two records so far.
8.
I haven
’
t seen George.
(lately)
I
haven
’
t seen George lately.
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