-
2015
英语专业八级听力第一部分
MINI-LECTURE
LISTENING
COMPREHENSION
SECTION A MINI-LECTURE
Understanding Academic Lectures
Listening to academic lectures is an
important task fro university students.
Then, how can we comprehend
a lecture efficiently?
I.
Understand all
(1) ______________
A.
words
B.
(2)
______________
-stress
-intonation
-(3) ______________
II. Adding
information
A.
lecturers:
sharing information with audience
B.
listeners: (4)
______________
C.
sources of
information
-knowledge of (5)
______________
-(6) ______________ of the
world
D.
listening involving three steps:
-hearing
-(7)
______________
-adding
III. (8) ______________
A.
reasons:
-overcome noise
-save time
B. (9) ______________
-content
-organization
IV. Evaluating while listening
A.
helps to decide the (10) ______________
of notes
B.
helps to
remember information
答案:
1. parts of meanings 2.
sound/vocal features 3. rhythm 4. absorbing 5.
subject
6. experience 7.
reinterpreting 8. prediction 9. what to listen 10.
Importance
2015
2014
ANSWER SHEET 1 (TEM8)
PART I LISTENING
COMPREHENSION SECTION A MINI-LECTURE
How to Reduce Stress
Life is full of
things that cause us stress. Though we may not
like stress, we have
to live with it.
I. Definition of stress A. (1) reaction
(1)
physical . force
exerted between two touching bodies B. human
reaction
. response to (2) on someone (2) a
demand .
increase in
breathing, heart rate, (3) (3)
blood pressure
or muscle
tension
II. (4)
(4) Category of stress A.
positive
stress
—
where it occurs: Christmas,
wedding, (5) (5) a job
B. negative stress
—
where it occurs: test-
taking situations, friend's death III. Ways to
cope with stress A. recognition of
stress signals
—
monitor for (6) of
stress (6) signals
—
find ways to protect
oneself B. attention to body demand
—
effect of (7)
(7) exercise and nutrition C.
planning
and acting appropriately
—
reason for planning
—
(8)
of
planning (8) result D. learning
to (9)
(9) accept
—
. delay caused by traffic
E. pacing activities
—
manageable task
—
(10)
(10) reasonable
speed
2013
SECTION A MINI-LECTURE
What Do Active Learners
Do?
There are
difference between active learning and passive
learning.
Characteristics of active
learners:
I.
reading with purposes
A. before reading: setting
goals
B. while
reading: (1) ________
II. (2) ______ and critical in
thinking
.
information processing, .
-- connections between the known and
the new information
-- identification of (3) ______
concepts
--
judgment on the value of (4) _____.
III. active in
listening
A.
ways of note-taking: (5) _______.
B. before note-taking:
listening and thinking
IV. being able to get
assistance
A. reason 1: knowing comprehension
problems because of (6) ______.
B.
Reason 2: being able to predict study
difficulties
V.
being able to question information
A. question what they read
or hear
B.
evaluate and (7) ______.
VI. Last characteristic
A. attitude toward
responsibility
-- active learners: accept
-- passive learners: (8)
_______
B.
attitude toward (9) ______
-- active learners: evaluate and change
behaviour
--
passive learners: no change in approach
Relationship between skill
and will: will is more important in (10)
______.
Lack of
will leads to difficulty in college
learning.
参考答案:
1. checking their
understanding
2.
reflective on information
3. incomprehensible
4. what you read
5. organized
6. monitoring their
understanding
7.
differentiate
8.
blame
9.
performance
10.
active learning
Section A Mini-lecture
或者
1
、
checking
understanding
。
<
/p>
2
、
reflective
3
、
< br>puzzling/confusing
4
、
what is
read
5
、
comprehensive
and organized
6
、
constant
understanding monitoringHowever, there are
differences in daily life
observation
and research observation.
Differences
---- daily life observation
--casual
--(1) ________
--dependence on
memory
---- research observation
-- (2)
_________
--
careful record keeping
B. Ways to select samples
in research
---- time sampling
-- systematic:
. fixed intervals every hour
-- random: fixed intervals
but (3) _______
Systematic sampling and random sampling
are often used in combination.
---- (4) _______
-- definition:
selection of different locations
-- reason: humans' or
animals' behaviour (5) ______ across circumstances
-- (6) ______:
more objective observations
C. Ways to record behaviour
(7) _______
---- observation with intervention
-- participant
observation: researcher as observer and
participant
--
field experiment: research (8) ______ over
conditions
---- observation without intervention
-- purpose:
describing behaviour (9) ______
-- (10) ______ : no
intervention
--
researcher: a passive recorder
1: rarely formal records
2: systematic objective manner 3:
variable
4:
situation sampling 5: vary 6: advantage
7: as it occurs 8: have
more
control 9: in natural setting 10: method
Interview
2011
Classifications of Cultures
According to Edward Hall,
different cultures result in different ideas about
the
world. Hall is an anthropologist.
He is interested in relations between
cultures.
I.
High-context culture A. feature
- context:
more important than the message
- meaning: (1)__________
. more
attention paid to (2) ___________ than to the
message itself
B. examples
- personal space
- preference
for (3)__________
- less respect for privacy
/ personal space
- attention to
(4)___________
- concept of time
- belief in
(5)____________ interpretation of time
- no concern
for punctuality
- no control over time
II. Low-context
culture
A.
feature
- message: separate from context
-
meaning: (6)___________
B.
examples
- personal space
- desire /
respect for individuality / privacy
- less
attention to body language
- more concern
for (7)___________
- attitude toward time
- concept of
time: (8)____________
- dislike of
(9)_____________
- time seen as commodity
III. Conclusion
Awareness of
different cultural assumptions
- relevance in work and
life
. business, negotiation, etc.
-
(10)_____________ in successful
communication
1. apart from the message
is happening language itself message
itself means everything
1. and
significance
2. the context
或
what is
doing 3. closeness to people 4. body language
5.
polychronic 6. in itself
7. personal
space 8. monochrome 9. lateness
10. multicultural
situation
2010
Paralinguistic Features of
Language
In
face-to-face communication speakers often alter
their tomes of voice or change
their
physical postures in order to convey messages.
These means are called
paralinguistic
features of language, which fall into two
categories.
First category: vocal paralinguistic
features
(1)__________: to express attitude or
intention (1)__________
Examples
1. whispering: need
for secrecy
2.
breathiness: deep emotion
3. (2)_________:
unimportance
(2)__________
4.
nasality: anxiety
5. extra lip-rounding: greater
intimacy
Second
category: physical paralinguistic
features
facial
expressions
(3)_______
(3)__________
----- smiling: signal of pleasure or
welcome
less
common expressions
----- eye brow raising: surprise or
interest
----- lip biting: (4)________
(4)_________
gesture
gestures are related to
culture.
British
culture
-----
shrugging shoulders: (5) ________
(5)__________
----- scratching head:
puzzlement
other
cultures
-----
placing hand upon heart:(6)_______
(6)__________
----- pointing at nose:
secret
proximity, posture and
echoing
proximity: physical distance between
speakers
-----
closeness: intimacy or threat
----- (7)_______: formality
or absence of interest
(7)_________
Proximity is person-, culture- and
(8)________ -specific. (8)_________
posture
----- hunched shoulders or
a hanging head: to indicate(9)_____
(9)________
----- direct level eye contact: to
express an open or challenging attitude
echoing
----- definition: imitation
of similar posture
----- (10)______: aid in communication
(10)___________
----- conscious imitation:
mockery
1
tones of voice 2 huskiness 3 universal
signal
。
4 thought or
uncertainty 5
indifference 6 honesty 7
distance
。
8
situation
。
9
mood
。
10 unconsciously same
posture
2009
Writing Experimental
Reports
I.
Content of an experimental report, .
--- study subject/
area
--- study
purpose
---
____1____
II.
Presentation of an experimental report
--- providing
details
---
regarding readers as _____2_____
III. Structure of an
experimental report
--- feature: highly structured and
____3____
---
sections and their content:
INTRODUCTION
____4____
。
why you did
it
METHOD how
you did it
RESULT what you found out
____5____ what you think it
shows
IV. Sense
of readership
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