2017年12月四级真题第3套

2017

年

12

月大学英语四级考试真题（第二套）

Part

I

Writing

(30

minutes)

Directions:

For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short easy on

how to

best

handle

the

relationship

between

doctors

and

patients.

You

should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

Part III

Reading Comprehension

(40 minutes)

Section A

Directions:

In this section, there is

a passage with ten blanks. You are required to

select

one

word

for

each

blank

from

a

list

of

choices

given

in

a

word

bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before

making

your

choices.

Each

choice

in

the

bank

is

identified

by

a

letter.

Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on

Answer Sheet 2

with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words

in the bank more than once.

Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.

Technological changes brought dramatic new options to Americans living in the

1990s.

During

this

decade

new

forms

of

entertainment,

commerce,

research,

and

communication became commonplace in the U.S. The driving force behind much of

this change was a(n) (26)_____ popularly known as the Internet.

The Internet was developed during the 1970s by the Department of Defense. In

the

case

of

an

attack,

militaryadvisers

suggested

the

(27)_____

of

being

able

to

operate one computer from another terminal. In the early days, the Internet was used

mainly by scientists to communite with other scientists. The Internet (28)_____ under

government control until 1984.

One early problem faced by

Internet users wasa speed. Phone lines could only

transmit

information

at

a

(29)_____

rate.

The

development

of

fiber-optic

(

光纤

)

cables

allowed

for

billions

of

bits

of

information

to

be

received

every

minute.

Companies like Intel developed faster microprocessors, so personal computers could

process the (30)_____ signals at a more rapid speed.

In

the

early

1990s,

the

World

Wide

Web

was

developed,

in

large

part,

for

(31)_____ purposes. Corprations created home pages where they could place text and

graphics

to

sell

products.

Soon

airline

tickets,

hotel

(32)_____,

and

even

cars

and

homes could be purpased online. Universities (33)_____ research data on the Internet,

so

students

could

find

(34)_____

information

without

leaving

their

dormitories.

Companies soon discovered that work could be done at home and (35)_____ online,

so

a

whole

new

class

of

telecommuters

began

to

earn

a

living

from

home

offices

unshaven and wearing pajamas(

睡衣

).

A) advantage

I) maintained

J) occupations

K) posted

L) remained

M) reservations

N) submitted

O) valuable

B) commercial

C) conversation

D) equipped

E) incoming

F) innovation

G) limited

H) local

Section B

Directions:

In

this

section,

you

are

going

to

read

a

passage

with

ten

statements

attached to

it. Each statement

contains information given in

one of

the

paragraphs.

Identify

the

paragraph

from

which

the

information

is

derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph

is

marked

with

a

letter.

Answer

the

question

by

marking

the

corresponding letter on

Answer Sheet 2

.

The Health Benefits of Knitting

A) About 15 years ago, I was invited to join a knitting group. I agreed to give it a try.

B) My mother had taught me to knit at 15, and I knitted in class throughout college

and for a few years thereafter. Then decades passed without my touching a knitting

needle. But within two Mondays in the group, I was hooked, not only on knitting but

also

on

crocheting

(

钩织

),

and

I

was

on

my

way

to

becoming

a

highly

productive

crafter.

C) I have made countless baby blankets, sweaters, vests, shawls, scarves, hats, mittens,

caps for newborns.

I take a knitting project

with me everywhere, especially

when

I

have to sit still and listen. As I had discovered in college, when my hands are busy,

my mind stays focused on the here and now.

D) It seems, too, that I

’

m part of a national renewal of interest in needle and other

handicrafts (

手工艺

). The Craft Yarn Council reports that a third of women ages 25 to

35 now knit or crochet. Even men and schoolchildren are swelling the ranks, among

them

my

friend’s

three

grandsons.

Last

April,

the

council

created

a

“Stitch

Away

Stress” campaign in honor of National Stress Awareness Month. Dr. Herbert Benson,

a pioneer in mind/body medicine and author of The Relaxation Response, says that

the repetitive action of needlework can induce a relaxed state like that associated with

meditation (

沉思

) and yoga. Once you get beyond the initial learning curve, knitting

and crocheting can lower heart rate and blood pressure.

E) But unlike meditation, craft activities result in tangible and often useful products

that can enhance self-esteem. I keep photos of my singular accomplishments on my

cellphone to boost my spirits when needed.

F) Since the 1990s,

the council has surveyed hundreds of thousands of knitters

and

crocheters, who routinely list stress relief and creative fulfillment as the activities

’

main benefits. Among them is the father of a prematurely born daughter who reported

that

during

the

baby’s

five

weeks

in

the

intensive

care

unit,

“learning

how

to

knit

infant h

ats gave me a sense of purpose during a time that I felt very helpless. It’s a

hobby

that

I’ve

stuck

with,

and

it

continues

to

help

me

cope

with

stress

at

work,

provide a sense of order in hectic (

忙乱的

) days, and allows my brain time to solve

problems.

”

G) A recent email from the yarn (

纺纱

) company Red Heart titled

＂

Health Benefits

of

Crocheting

and

Knitting

＂

prompted

me

to

explore

what

else

might

be

known

about the health value of activities like knitting. My research revealed that the rewards

go well beyond replacing stress and anxiety with the satisfaction of creation.

H)

For

example, Karen

Hayes,

a

life

coach

in

Toronto,

conducts

knitting

therapy

programs,

including

Knit

to

Quit

to

help

smokers

give

up

the

habit,

and

Knit

to

Heal for

people

coping

with

health

crises,

like

a

cancer

diagnosis

or

a

family

member

’

s serious illness. Schools and prisons with craft programs report that they

have a calming effect and enhance social skills. And having to follow instructions on

complex craft projects can improve child

ren’s math skills.

I)

Some

people

find

that

craftwork

helps

them

control

their

weight.

Just

as

it

is

challenging

to

smoke

while

knitting,

when

hands

are

holding

needles

and

hooks,

there

’

s less snacking and mindless eating out of boredom.

J)

I

’

ve

found

that

my

handiwork

with

yarn

has

helped

my

arthritic

(

患关节炎的

)

fingers remain more dexterous (

灵巧的

) as I age. A woman encouraged to try knitting

and crocheting after developing an autoimmune disease that caused a lot of hand pain

reported on the Craft Yarn Council site that her hands are now less stiff and painful.

K) A 2009 University of British Columbia study of 38 women with an eating disorder

who were taught to knit found that learning the craft led to significant improvements.

Seventy-four

percent

of

the

women

said

the

activity

lessened

theor

fears

and

kept

them from thinking about their problem.

L) Betsan Corkhill, a wellness coach in Bath, England, and author of the book Knit

for Health & Wellness, established a website, Stitchlinks, to explore the value of what

she calls therapeutic knitting. Among her respondents, 54 percent of those who were

clinically depressed said that knitting made them feel happy or very happy. In a study

of 60 self- selected people with persistent pain, Ms. Corkhill and colleagues reported

that

knitting

enabled

them

to

redirect

their

focus,

reducing

their

awareness

of

pain.

She suggested that the brain can process just so much at once and that activities like

knitting and crocheting make it harder for the brain to register pain signals. Perhaps

most

exciting

is

research

that

suggests

that

crafts

like

knitting

and

crocheting

may

help to keep off a decline in brain function with age. In a 2011 study, researchers led

by Dr. Yonas Geda at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester interviewed a random (

随机的

)

sample of 1,321 people ages 70 to 89, most of whom were cognitively (

在认知方面

)

normal, about the cognitive activities they engaged in late in life. The study, published

in

The

Journal

of

Neuropsychiatry

&

Clinical

Neurosciences,

found

that

those

who

engaged in crafts like knitting and crocheting had a diminished chance of developing

mild cognitive disorder and memory loss.

M) Although it is possible that only people who are cognitively healthy would pursue

such

activities,

those

who

read

newspapers

or

magazines

or

played

music

did

not

show

similar

benefits.

The

researchers

speculate

that

craft

activities

promote

the

development of nerve pathways in the brain that help to maintain cognitive health.

N) In support of that suggestion, a 2014 study by Denise C. Park of the University of

Texas

at

Dallas

and

colleagues

demonstrated

that

learning

to

knit

or

do

digtial

photography

enhanced

memory

function

in

older

adults.

Those

who

engaged

in

activities that were not intellectually challenging, either in a social group or alone, did

not show such improvements.

O) Given that sustained social contacts have been shown to support health and a long

life,

those

wishing

to

maximize

the

health

value

of

crafts

might

consider

joining

a

group of like-minded folks. I for one try not to miss a single weekly meeting of my