-
【词汇】汉英口译分类词汇（
08
）
--
经济金融词汇
汉英
口译分类词汇（
08
）
--
经济金融词汇
不景气
slump
（衰退
recession
）
二板市场
the second board market
中国创业板
China Growth
Enterprise Market
首次上市
IPOs
(initial public offering)
市场资本总额
market capitalization
法人股
institutional shares
内部股（非上市招股）
private company
shares
牛市
bull market
法律风险
legal risk
风险管理
risk
management
坚持严格的贷款标准
maintain strong underwriting standards
六大风险
risks in 6 key areas
(U.S. Federal Reserve criterion)
信用风险
credit risk
供给学派
supply-side
economist
第一产业（农业）
agriculture (primary industry)
第二产业（工业）
manufacturing
industry (secondary industry)
第三产业（服务业）
service industry
(tertiary industry)
主要经济指标
major economic indicators
国内生产总值
GDP gross domestic
product
（商品和劳务币值总和，
不包括海
外收入支出）
国民生产总值
GNP gross national pr
oduct
（商品和劳务币值总和，包括海外
收入支出）
人均国内生产总值
GDP per
capita
宏观经济
macro economy
互助基金
mutual fund
扩大内需
expand domestic demand
改善居民心理预期
inspire the general
public's confidence in the futur
e needs
鼓励增加即期消费
encourage more
immediate consumption
长期国债
long-term treasury bonds
支付国债利息
to service treasury
bonds
财政赤字和债务
deficits and
the national debt
按原口径计算
calculate on the base line
按不变价格计算
calculate at
constant price
按可比价格计算
calculate at comparable price
列入财政预算支出
listed in the
fiscal budget
结售汇制度
the
system of exchange, settlement and sales
经常项目顺差
favorable balance of
current account, surplus of current
account
开办人民币业务
engage in
Renminbi (RMB) business
出口退税制度
the system of
refunding taxes on exported goods
保证金台帐制度
Deposit account
system for processing trade
分期付款
pay by installment
保值储蓄
inflation-proof bank
savings
抵押贷款
collateralised
loans
住房抵押贷款
residential
mortgage loan
货币主义者
monetarist
计划经济
planned
economy
指令性计划
mandatory
plan
技术密集型
technology intensive
大规模生产
mass production
经济林
cash tree
跟踪审计
follow-up auditing
流动性风险
liquidity
risk
操作风险
operational risk
内部审计
internal
audit
抛售
bear
sales
配套政策
supporting policies
中国人民银行（中央银行）The
People’s Bank of China（
central
bank
）
四大国有商业银行
4 major state-owned
commercial banks
中国银行
Bank
of china
中国工商银行
Industrial
and Commercial Bank of
China
（）
and
中国建设银行
Construction Bank of
China
中国农业银行
Agricultural
Bank of China
招商银行
China
Merchants Bank
疲软股票
soft stock
配股
allotment of shares
实际增长率
growth
rate in real terms
年均增长率
average growth rate per annum
投资回报率
rate of return on
investment
外贸进出口总额
total
foreign trade value
实际利用外资
incoming overseas capital (investment) in place
消费价格指数
consumer price index
(CPI)
零售价格指数
retail price
index
（
RPI
）
生活费用价格总指数
total price index
of living cost
生活费用
income
available for living expenses
扣除物价因素
in real terms / on
inflation-adjusted basis
居民储蓄存款
residents’
bank savings deposit
恩格尔系数（食品开支占总支出的比例）
Engel
coefficient
基尼系数（衡量地区差别）
Gini coefficient
购买力平价法
purchasing power parity (PPP)
（衡量使用不同货币
的两个国
家或地区的经济水平、
收入水平的一种计算法，
用相等的汇率比较两种货币各自
的国内购买力）
片面追求发展速度
excessive pursuit
of growth
泡沫经济
bubble
economy
经济过热
overheating of
economy
通货膨胀
inflation
实体经济
the real
economy
经济规律
laws of
economics
市场调节
market regulation
优化资源配置
optimize allocation of resources
规模经营优势
advantage of
economies of scale
劳动密集型
labor intensive
市场风险
market risk
收紧银根
tighten up
monetary policy
适度从紧的财政政策
moderately tight fiscal policy
信用紧缩
credit crunch
加强国有商业银行内部资金调度
In state
commercial banks, internal capi
tal
allocation should be improved.
合理划分贷款审批权限
Limits of
authority for examining and approving
loans should be rationally defined.
保证有市场、有效益、守信用企业的流动资金贷款
ensure floating capital
loans for well-
performing and trustworthy enterprises which turn
out
the right products for the right
markets
启动民间投资
attract
investment from the private sector
适销对路的产品
the right products /
readily marketable products
国有企业
state-owned enterprises
(SOEs)
集体企业
collectively-
owned (partnership) enterprises
私营企业
private businesses
民营企业
privately-run
businesses
中小企业
small-and-
medium-sized enterprises
三资企业（中外合资、中外合作、外商独资）
overseas-invested enterprise
s; foreign-
invested enterprises (Chinese-overseas equity
joint ventur
es, Chinese-overseas
contractual joint ventures, wholly foreign-
owne
d enterprises)
存款保证金
guaranty money for
deposits
货币回笼
withdrawal of
currency from circulation
吸收游资
absorb idle fund
经常性贷款
commercial lending
经常性支出
operating expenses
再贷款
re-lending; subloan
支持国有大型企业和高新技术企业上市融资
support
large state-owned ente
rprises and high
and innovative technology companies in their
efforts
to seek financing by listing on
the stock market
改制上市
An
enterprise is re-organized according to modern
corporate
system so that it will get
listed on the stock market.
进一步规范和发展证券市场
further
standardize and develop the securiti
es
market
增加直接融资比重
increase the
proportion of direct financing
完善股票发行上市制度
improve the
system for IPO and listing on stock
markets
中国证监会
China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC)
深圳证券交易所市
Shenzhen Stock
Exchange
上海证券交易所
Shanghai
Stock Exchange
综合指数
composite index
纳斯达克（高技术企业板）
NASDAQ
（
National Association
of Securities
Dealers Automated
Quotation
主板市场
the main
board
通货紧缩
deflation
中国现代化建设分三步走的战略
the
three-step development strategy of
C
hina’s modernization drive
第
一步，到
1990
年国民生产总值比
1
980
年翻一
番
Step One:
GDP of 1990 doubles that of 1980.
第二步，到<
/p>
2000
年人均国
民生产总值比
1980
年翻两番，
人民生活达到小康水平
Step Two: GDP of 2000
quadruples that of 1980; people live a
fairly comfortable life.
第三
步，
到
21
世纪中期建国
100
周年时，达到中等发达国家水平
Step Three: By
the year 2049, the 100th anniversary of
the P.R.C., China’
s le
vel of
development is expected to be on par
with the mid-ranking developed
c
ountries
与世界经济的联系将更加紧密
be more
closely linked to the world econom
y
中国巨大的市场潜力将逐步转化为现实的购买力
The
huge market potential
that China enjoys
will be turned into tangible purchasing power.
适应市场经济需要的法律法规体系还不够健全
The
regulatory and legal sys
tem is not well
established as to adapt to the demand of market
econo
my.
经济管理体制可能会出现一些不适应
The
economic management system may n
ot be
readily adapted to the changes.
一些行业和企业可能会受到冲击
Some sectors
of economy and some busines
ses may be
adversely affected.
立足中国国情，发挥自身优势
proceed from
national conditions in China
and bring
our advantages into play
扬长避短，趋利避害，迎接经济全球化的挑战
foster
strengths and circumv
ent weaknesses and
rise to the challenge of economic globalization
瓶颈制约
bottleneck constraints
放权让利
decentralization and
interest concessions (in late 1980s and
early 1990s)
深化改革
intensify reform; deepen one’s
commitment to reform
配套改革
supporting
(concomitant) reforms
配套资金
counterpart funds; local funding of
提高经济效益
improve economic
performance; increase economic returns
讲求社会效益
value contribution to
society; pay attention to social e
ffect
加速国民经济信息化
develop
information-based economy accelerate IT
ap
plication in economy
拉动经济增长
fuel economic growth
利改税
substitution of tax
payment for profit delivery
费改税
transform administrative
fees into taxes
债转股
debt-
to-equity swap
头寸宽裕（头寸紧缺）
in
an easy position (tight position)
朝阳产业
sunrise industry
招标投标制
the system of public
bidding for project
充分发挥货币政策的作用
give full play
to the role of monetary policy
实施积极的财政政策
follow a pro-
active fiscal policy
向银行增发国债，扩大投资
The government
issued additional treasury bo
nds to
banks to increase investment.
再注资
recapitalization
放松银根
to ease monetary policy
信息经济
IT economy
外向型经济
export-oriented
economy
信息时代
information age
全球化
globalization
（全球性
globality<
/p>
）
信誉风险
reputational risk
风险评级
risk rating
到期不还贷
default on a loan
资不抵债
insolvency; be
insolvent
亚洲金融危机
Asian
financial crisis (1997-98)
投资（贷款）组合
investment (loan)
portfolio
外汇储备充足
sufficient
foreign exchange reserves
中国金融业问题
problems with
financial sector in China
储蓄比例过高
the excessively large
proportion of savings in the money
supply
国有企业产负债率过高
high
leverage ratio of the state-owned
enterpris
es,
国有独资商业银行不良资产比例过高
high ratio
of non-performing loans o
f the state
commercial banks
少数中小存款金融机构不能支付到期债务
insolvency of a handful of small
and
medium-sized financial institutions
不良贷款
non-performing loans
防范和化解金融风险
address financial
risks
提高企业借贷和行使民事责任的能力
improve enterprises’
creditworthine
ss and ability to fulfil
their civil liabilities
监事会
supervisory board
实行谨慎会计制度
adopt prudential accounting standards
五级分类法划分贷款质量
the five-
category asset classification approac
h
金融资产管理公司
financial asset
management companies
分离和收回不良资产
substantially
reduce the ratio of non-performing
a
ssets
分业管理、规模经营
business segregation, economy of scale
规范金融机构市场退出制度
improve the
market exit mechanism for financ
ial
institutions
政策性银行
state policy-related
bank
国家发展银行
State
Development Bank
知识经济
knowledge-based economy
网络经济
Internet-based
networked economy
指导性计划
guidance plan
社会主义市场经济（中国）
socialist
market economy
社会市场经济（德国）
social market economy
新经济（美国）
new economy
中国光大银行
Everbright Bank of China
中国民声银行
China Minsheng
Banking Corporation Ltd.
中信实业银行
CITIC Industrial Bank
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
上一篇：新视野大学英语第三版第二册复习
下一篇：外国人在中国就业管理规定英文版