柳莺

藏东南部、云南西北部及北部、四川东南部、宁夏、湖北；越冬至云南南部及西

< br>部和贵州。

习性：

常光顾坡面 的亚高山云杉林中的柳树及杨树群落。

于低灌丛下的地面取食。

东亚鸟类图鉴

ID Rather plain, plump, medium-sized warbler closely

resembling Radde’s (most readily separated by call, structural dif

-

ferences and leg colour). Upperparts mid to dark brown with olive

fringes to wings and tail. Pale buff supercilium longer and broader

han Dusky (p.352), and more uniform, lacking stronger contrast

between fore and rear parts of Radde’s; and lacks contrast with

dark eyestripe which blends into dusky ear-coverts. Pale cream

chin/throat, darker olive on chest and flanks, heavily buff on vent;

yellow throat streaks may be faint or bright, and can extend to

breast or even belly. BP Bill short, sharp, upper mandible and tip

dark brown, paler yellowish-brown at base of lower mandible;

eyes dark brown; tarsi strong, pinkish-brown to yellowish-horn.

HBW

两个亚种

12

cm;

8-10.5

g.

A

medium-sized

and

plump,

plain

brown

leaf-warbler

with

short

and

spiky

bill.

Nominate

race

has

long

and

well- defined

pale

buffish

supercilium (rather narrow in front of eye), dark olive lores and

eyestripe, narrow creamy-white eyering; may also show slight median

crownstripe and darker border above supercilium; crown and upperparts

mostly olive-brown, tinged greyish, with olive-brown edges of

upperwing- coverts, flight-feather and tail feathers; chin and throat

whitish,

contrasting

olive

wash

on

beast

side

and

flanks,

bright

or

rich

yellow streaks from lower throat to upper belly, undertail-coverts

heavily buffish; iris dark brown; upper mandible dark brown, lower

mandible mostly yellowish; legs yellowish horn-brown. Differs from very

similar

P.

schwarzi

(

巨嘴柳莺

)

in

slightly

smaller

head,

thinner

bill

and

legs, slightly better-defined supercilium, and presence of fine yellow

streaks

on

alike.

Juvenile

is

as

adult

in

fresh

plumage,

but

throat

grey

with

no

yellow

streaks

and

belly

pale

yellow.

Race

perplexus

is

browner than nominate, lacking grey tone above, and has slightly deeper

yellow on underparts.

巨嘴柳莺

Radde's Warbler

雀形目

>

莺科

>

柳莺属

PASSERIFORMES > Sylviidae > Phylloscopus schwarzi

描述：中等体 型

(12.5

厘米

)

< br>的橄榄褐色而无斑纹的柳莺。尾较大而略分叉，嘴

形厚而似山雀。

眉纹前端皮黄色至眼后成奶油白色；

眼纹深褐，

脸侧及 耳羽具散

布的深色斑点。下体污白，胸及两胁沾皮黄，尾下覆羽黄褐。背有些驼。较烟柳

莺体大而壮，眉纹长而宽且多橄榄色。与棕眉柳莺的区别为喉无细纹。

< br>

虹膜－褐色；嘴－上嘴褐色，下嘴色浅；脚－黄褐。

叫声：叫声为结巴的

check?check

< br>声。鸣声为短促的悦耳低音渐高而以颤音结

尾，

tyee e-tyeee-tyee-tyee-ee-ee

。

分布范围：繁殖于东北亚；越冬于中国南方、缅甸及印度支那。

分布状况：

甚常见的季候鸟。

繁殖于中 国东北大小兴安岭，

迁徙时经华东及华中。

冬季鲜见于广东及香 港。

习性：常隐匿并取食于地面，看似笨拙沉重。尾及两翼常 神经质地抽动。

东亚鸟类图鉴

head, dark with rather stout bill and tarsi. Long prominent

supercilium, buff and diffuse between bill and eye, usually

broader in front of eye, narrower, cleaner and creamy-white behind, and

extending

to

nape-sides

(in

Dusky

supercilium

is

diffuse

and

broad

behind

eye, see p.352); dark brown eyestripe also prominent. Upperparts dark

olive-brown, slightly greener on rump. Underparts dusky, off-white on

throat,

with

buff

wash

to

chest

and

flanks,

and

distinctive

cinnamon-buff

undertail-coverts. Belly may be yellow- tinged in autumn. Larger,

generally

more

dark

olive- green

than

Dusky,

with

longer

broader

eyestripe

and

supercilium,

heavier

bill,

stouter

legs

and

larger

feet.

Lacks

throat

streaks of very similar Yellow- streaked, which has more uniform

supercilium and thinner bill and legs than Radde’s. In fresh

plumage

Radde’s

has

greener

cast

to

upperparts

and

yellowish

cast

to

supercilium

and underparts, differing from overall browner appearance of Dusky. BP

Bill

rather

short

and

thick,

with

dark

brown

upper

mandible

and

yellowish

or pink at base of lower mandible; eyes dark brown; legs vary from dark

orange-pink to pale brown.

HBW

12.5-13.5cm; 8-15 g. A medium-sized, stocky leaf-warbler with rather

larger-headed, hunched appearance, stout legs and comparatively thick

bill.

Long,

broad

suppercilium

is

buffish

(and

not

well

defined)

in

front

of eye, becoming creamy

white to rear

of ear- coverts,

and has dark

upper

border; lores and broad eyestripe dark brown, cheek and ear-coverts

speckled with dark and pale brown; crown and upperparts brownish-olive

(occasionally appearing lighter olive in some lights), rump and

uppertail-coverts slightly greener; upperwing-coverts, flight-feathers

and

tail

feathers

brown,

finely

edged

paler

brownish-olive;

dull

whiteish

to whitish-yellow below, washed with buff on breast and flanks;

undertail-coverts

cinnamon- buff;

iris

dark

browmn;

upper

mandible

brown

or dark brown, lower mandible pale yellowish or fleshy-coloured; legs

variable,

yellowish

to

orange

or

bright

yellowish-brown.

Differs

from

P.

fuscatus

(

褐柳莺

) mainly in stockier or heavier appearance, larger head

with thicker bill, slightly longer tail, thick or strong-looking orange

to

yellowish-orange

legs,

and

longer

supercilium

broader

in

front

of

eye

and frequently curving upwards on nape, and in fresh plumage buff (not

whitish

or

whitish-buff)

in

front

of

eye;

from

P.

armandii

(

棕眉柳莺

)

in

slightly larger size and stouter builder, supercilium broader and often

less distinct in front of eye, buffish chin and throat, larger or thick

bill

and

prominently

thick

legs.

Sexed

alike.

Juvenile

is

more

olive

above

than

adult,

and

has

breast

and

belly

paler

yellow

and

flanks

buff-brown.

橙斑翅柳莺

Orange-barred Warbler

雀形目

>

莺科

>

柳莺属

PASSERIFORMES > Sylviidae > Phylloscopus pulcher

描述：体型小< /p>

(12

厘米

)

的 柳莺。背橄榄褐色，顶纹色甚浅。特征为具两道栗褐

色翼斑。外侧尾羽的内翈白色。腰浅 黄，下体污黄，眉纹不显著。

虹膜－褐色；嘴－黑色，下嘴基黄色；脚－粉红。

zip

接一快而高的颤音。< /p>

分布范围：喜马拉雅山脉、缅甸、中国中部及西藏南部；越冬至 泰国北部。

分布状况：

繁殖于其分布 区北部及高山区，

越冬南迁及至较低海拔处。

为喜马拉

雅山脉、

青藏高原及中国中部海拔

2000~4 000

米的针叶林及杜鹃林中最常见的鸟

之一。

习性：性活泼的林栖型柳莺，有时加入混合鸟群。

HBW

中国存在的是指名亚种

10-11 cm; 5.5-7.5 g. A small to medium- sized leaf-warbler with long

supercilium, two wingbars, pale yellow rump and white in outer tail

feathers. Nominate race has pale yellow supercilium from lores to

ear-coverts, narrow dark olive eyestripe; crown to nape dark olive

(sometimes vestigial central crownstripe), becoming buffish-brown with

olive tinge on mantle, back and scapulars; rump pale yellow or

straw- yellow; upperwing-coverts as scapulars, tips of median coverts

olive-yellow, tips of greater broadly orange-buff or yellowish (buffish

when worn); flight-feathers dark brown, edged olive-green, tertials

tipped

buffish-yellow;

tail

dark

brown

or

blackish,

three

outer

feathers

mostly whitish on outer webs; dull or dingy yellow below, brightest on

belly

and

undertail-coverts;

iris

dark

brown;

bill

black,

yellow

to

horn

base of lower mandible; legs brown or pinkish-brown. Differs from

tus

(

黄眉柳莺

)

and

P.

humei

(

淡眉柳莺

)

in

darker

green

upperparts,

indistinct crownstripe, orange colour of wingbars, white in outer tail,

yellow rump patch, yellowish underparts; from

P. maculipennis

(

灰喉柳

莺

) in slightly larger size, paler crown, yellowish supercilium, orange

wingbars, uniform underparts; from

P. proregulus

(

黄腰柳莺

) in orange

wingbars, less well-defined yellowish runmp patch and underparts, white

in

tail,

lack

of

prominent

central

crownstripe.

Sexes

alike.

Juvenile

is

similar to adult but generally less olive on upperparts and duller or

greyer below. Race

kangrae

has paler, more yellowish-olive crown and

upperparts and slightly paler underparts than nominate.

灰喉柳莺

Ashy-throated Warbler

雀形目

>

莺科

>

柳莺属

PASSERIFORMES > Sylviidae > Phylloscopus maculipennis

描述 ：体小

(9

厘米

)

的背部绿色的柳莺。具两道偏黄色的翼斑；腰浅黄，脸、喉

及上胸灰白；