Food and Cooking Vocabulary

Food and Cooking Vocabulary

Cooking Methods

To stir-fry

炒

To stew

炖

To roast

烧

To boil

煮

To steam

蒸

To pan-fry

煎

To grill

烤

To deep fry

油炸

(to fry in oil)

To bake

烘烤

To blanch

–

to cook or dip food very quickly into hot water

(usually for vegetables)

To broil

–

to cook food by placing it directly under or over

a heat source

Other Cooking Styles:

To steam (in a sealed container)

焗

To braise

烩

To simmer (in a covered container)

焖

(in English food

made this way is called a

“< /p>

casserole

”

)

To simmer (to cook over a slow fire)

炆

To simmer (to cook over a low heat)

煨

To pot-stew

卤

To boil/to stew

熬

To soak

泡

NOTE

: When describing a food

’

s name, we used the

adjective form of the word. For example,

煎饺

would be

written

“

pan- fried dumplings

”

and not

“

pan-fry dumplings.

”

Preparation Methods

To chop/cut

切

to cut into small pieces

To mince

–

to cut into very, very small pieces

To grind

绞碎

to press food into a powder

To blend

–

to mix together

To pour

倒

To marinate

–

to let a food sit in sauce or other flavorings

for a period of time (ex. marinate the chicken for an hour)

To stir

搅

To shake

摇

To peel

剥，削

Main Ingredients

Vegetables

Cucumber

黄瓜

White radish, daikon

白萝卜

Carrot

胡萝卜

Winter Melon

冬瓜

Bitter Melon

苦瓜

Lettuce

生菜

Kai-lan, Chinese broccoli

芥兰

Pak choi/Bok choy

小白菜

Mustard greens

梅干菜

Turnip

芜菁

Radish

萝卜

Brussels sprouts

芽甘蓝

Spinach

菠菜

Bean sprouts

豆芽

Taro

芋头

Asparagus

芦笋

Leek

韭菜

Onion

洋葱

Green onion

大葱

Arugula

芝麻菜

Sweet potato

红薯

Yam

地瓜

Pickled Chinese cabbage

酸菜

Snow pea

荷兰豆

Green bean

四季豆

Chinese yam

山药

Watercress

水田芥

Red bean

红豆

Kidney bean

芸豆

Black bean

黑豆

Green soybean

青豆

Chickpea

鹰嘴豆

Pinto bean

斑豆

Lima bean

小菜豆

Baby bok choy

青菜

Choy sum

菜心

Chicory

菊苣

Garland Chrysanthemum

茼蒿

Crowndaisy Chrysanthemum

蓬蒿

Komatsuna

小松菜

Chinese cabbage

大白菜

Burdock

牛蒡

Okra

秋葵

Garlic

大蒜

Potato

土豆

Rape (seed), canola

油菜

Tomato

番茄，西红柿

Eggplant

茄子

Cauliflower

花菜

Pea

豌豆

Lotus root

莲藕

Celery

芹菜

Wood ear fungus

木耳

Pepper

辣椒

Bell pepper

青椒

Mushroom

蘑菇

-

Shiitake mushroom

香菇

-

Enoki mushroom

金针菇

-

Oyster mushroom

平菇

-

Shaggy mane mushroom

鸡腿菇

-

Black winter mushroom

冬菇

-

Straw mushroom

草菇

Soybean

黄豆

Bamboo shoots

竹笋

Water chestnuts

荸荠，马蹄

Towel gourd

丝瓜

Gourd

葫芦

Zucchini

西葫芦

Avocado

鳄梨，牛油果

Olive

橄榄

Day lily

金针菜

Baby cabbage

娃娃菜

Kimchi, pickled vegetables

泡菜

Seasonal vegetables

时蔬

Seafood

Fish

鱼

-

Snakehead fish

黑鱼

-

Catfish

鲶鱼

-

Carp

鲤鱼

-

Crucian carp

鲫鱼

-

Tilapia

罗非鱼

-

Tuna

金枪鱼

-

Salmon

三文鱼

-

Grass carp

草鱼

-

Pomfret, butterfish

鲳鱼

-

Bream

武昌鱼

-

Yellow croaker

黄花鱼

-

Cod

鳕鱼

-

Porgy, sea bream

鲷鱼

-

Swordfish

剑鱼

-

Hairtail

带鱼

-

Grouper

石斑鱼

-

Halibut

大比目鱼

-

Red Snapper

红笛鲷

-

Sea Bass

海鲈鱼

-

Mahimahi

鲯鳅

-

Sturgeon

鲟

-

Bass, perch

鲈鱼

-

Loach

泥鳅

Shrimp

虾

Cuttlefish

墨鱼

Soft-shelled turtle

甲鱼

Mussel

贻贝，

Clam

蛤，蚌

Oyster

蚝，蛎

Octopus

章鱼

Squid

鱿鱼

Crab

螃蟹

Hairy crab

大闸蟹

Lobster

龙虾

Crawfish

淡水螯虾

Sea snail

海螺

Scallop

扇贝

Abalone

鲍鱼

Sea cucumber

海参

Eel

鳗鱼，白鳝

Jellyfish

海蜇

Meats

Pork

猪肉

Beef

牛肉

-

Beef ribs

牛排

-

Cow tongue

牛舌

-

Beef tenderloin

牛腩

-

Beefsteak

牛扒

Veal

小牛肉

Lamb/Mutton

羊肉

Donkey

驴肉

Venison

鹿肉

Duck

鸭肉

Goose

鹅肉

Dog

狗肉

Rabbit

兔肉

Chicken

鸡肉

-

Chicken leg/drumstick

鸡腿

(usually more

roundly shaped at the end

–

like a drumstick)

-

Chicken thigh

鸡腿

(larger than a chicken leg)

-

Chicken feet

鸡爪

-

Chicken breast

鸡胸，鸡脯

-

Chicken wing

鸡翅

-

Chicken gizzards

鸡胗

Pigeon/Dove

鸽子

Quail

鹌鹑

Turkey

火鸡

Ham

火腿

Bacon

培根

Steamed fatty pork

扣肉

Sausage

香肠

____ ball

丸

(ex.

肉丸

meatball,

鱼丸

fish ball)

Tendons

蹄筋

Intestines

肥肠

Tenderloin

里脊

Silkworm

蚕

Tripe

肚

Spareribs

排骨

_____ pieces

杂

(ex.

鸡杂

chicken pieces)

Fruits

Apple

苹果

Orange

橙子

Tangerine, mandarin orange

橘子

Dragon fruit

火龙果

Red date

红枣

Jujube, Chinese date

枣

Pumpkin

南瓜

Muskmelon

香瓜

Watermelon

西瓜

Sweet melon

甜瓜

Strawberry

草莓

Cherry

樱桃

Grape

葡萄

Raspberry

覆盆子

Cranberry

蔓越橘

Banana

香蕉

Peach

桃子

Sugarcane

甘蔗

Pomegranate

石榴

Grapefruit

柚子

Pineapple

菠萝

Coconut

椰子

Pear

梨

Goji berry, wolfberry

枸杞

Kiwi

猕猴桃

Loquat

枇杷

Plum

李子

Fig

无花果

Lychee

荔枝

Papaya

木瓜

Longan

桂圆

，龙眼

Persimmon

柿子

Star fruit

杨桃