-
Homeostasis
：
The
various
physiological
arrangements
which
serve
to
restore
the
normal
state, once it has
been disturbed.
Active
transport
：
The
energy
is
derived
secondarily
from
energy
stored
in
the
form
of
ionic
concentration
difference between the two sides of the cell
membrane
。
Hematocrit
The percentage of
blood cell to 100ml of whole blood.
Hemostasis
It
means
the
process
of
prevention
of
blood
loss
when
the
vessel
ruptured.
Blood
coagulation
It is the
process of liquid flowing blood changes to
semisolid state.
Cardiac
cycle
；
The heart
(usually is the ventricle) systole and diastole
for one time
constitute one cardiac
cycle.
Heat
sound
Heart valve close,
blood flow into and leave ventricle as well as the
contraction of ventricle
stroke volume
(
每搏输出量
)
The amount of blood
pumped
out
of
each ventricle with
each contraction .
Ejection
fraction (
射血分数
)
The percentage proportion of stroke
volume to the volume of ventricular
relaxation ending.
Cardiac output
(
每分输出量
)
The volume of blood pumped by each
ventricle per minute
。
Cardiac index
(
心指数
)
The cardiac output of per square meter
of body surface(3-3.5
L/min
）。
Heterometric
regulation
异长自身调节：
The
heart
pump
function
regulated
by
the
change
of
initial
length
of
heart
muscle.
Homometric regulation
(
等长调节）
Under
the
state
of
preload
and
after
load
keep
stable,
the
cardiac
output
regulated by adjust
the contractility of cardiac muscle.
Blood flow
(
血流量
)
The volume of blood which pass through
a cross section of blood vessel
in one
minute.
Blood Pressure
(
血压）
The force
exerted by the blood against any unit area of
vessel wall.
Peripheral
venous pressure
The
pressure
exerted
by
blood
to
venous
wall
in
veins
in
peripheral
tissue.
Central
venous pressure (CVP)
The
pressure of intra big veins in thorax and inside
of right atrium.
respiration
The
process of gas exchange between body and
environment is called
respiration.
Pulmonary ventilation
It is the process of gas exchange
between lungs and atmospheric
environment.
respiratory movement
Thoracic expansion and contraction
caused by the contraction and
relaxation of respiratory muscle is
called respiratory movement.
Intrapulmonary pressure
It is the pressure in pulmonary
alveoli.
Compliance
(
顺应性）
It is
referred to the expandable ability of a elastic
tissue driving by
a external
force.
Surface
tension
：
At an
air-water interface, the water molecules at the
surface are more
strongly attracted to
other surrounding water molecules then to the air
above the surface. This unequal
attraction produces a force known as
surface tension at the surface of
liquid.
RM
The tissues of gas diffusion pass
through from alveoli to pulmonary
capillaries is called RM.
Gas exchange in the long
Diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide
through respiratory membrane.
diffusion capacity of lung
The milliliters of a individual gas
diffusion through the respiratory
membrane driving by 1 mmHg partial
pressure in one minute is called
diffusion capacity of lung.
Oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation
curve
It represent the
relationship between the change of Po2 and oxygen
saturation of Hb.
Haldane effect
Binding of oxygen with hemoglobin tends
to displace carbon dioxide from
the
blood. The effect is called Haldane
effect
。
pulmonary
stretch reflex
Pulmonary
expansion
following
inspiration
caused
inspiratory
inhibition,
while
pulmonary
recoil
during
expiration
lead
to
inspiration.
This
reflex
is
called pulmonary stretch reflex, also called
Hering-breuer reflex
Digestion
：
Digestion is the process
converting food into
a
simple forms
that can be
utilized by the body.
Absorption
Absorption
is
the
process
of
transporting
small
molecules
from
the
lumen
of the
gut into blood stream.
（
BER
）
slowwave