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英语写作必须掌握的英语
33
个特殊句型
1. A is as much + N + as B is
结构︰主词＋
be
＋
< br>as
＋
much
＋名词＋
as
＋（
be
）＋主
词
说明︰此句型意为“?和?同样?”
。
“
as
much
＋
<
名词
>
< br>＋
as
＋（
be
）＋
<
主词
>
”的
be
通
常省略或放句末。
Comets are just as much members of the
sun’s family as (are) the other
planets.
彗星和其它的行星同样是太阳家族的成员。
To eat too much is as much a bad thing
as to eat
nothing.
吃太多和什么都不吃同样是坏事。
He is as much a member of the orchestra
as Tom.
他和汤姆同样是管弦乐队的成员。
2. not as/so + ADJ/ADV + as + N
结构︰
not as
／
so
＋形容词／副词＋
as
＋
名词
说明︰此句型意为“不像?那样?”
。
as
?
as
< br>可用于肯定句或
<
否定句
>
，而
so
?
as
仅可用
于
<
否定句
>
构中。
It
is not as (so) popular as other foods.
它不像其它食物那样受欢迎。
He
does not study as (so) hard as John.
他不像约翰那样用功。
I
am not as (so) careful as Tom.
我不像汤姆那样细心。
3. not
so adj. as adj.
结构︰
not so
＋形容词／副词＋
as
＋形容词／副词
说明︰此句型意为“与其说是?倒不如说是?”
。相当于“
<
形容词
>
／
<
副词
>
＋
rather
than
＋
<
形容词
>
／
<
副词
>
”
。
She is not so
beautiful as charming. (=She is charming rather
than beautiful.)
与其说她美倒不如说她迷人。
He
is not so clever as diligent.
与其说他聪明倒不如说他勤奋。
She
is not so kind as simple.
与其说她善良不如说她单纯。
4.
not so much + N as + N
结构︰
not so much
＋名词
＋
as
＋名词
说明︰此句型意为“与其说是?倒不如说是?”
。相当于“
<
名词
>
＋
ra
ther than
＋
<
名词
>
”
。
He is not so much a writer as a
scholar.
与其说他是作家倒不如说他是学者。
He
is not so much a genius as a hard worker.
他的努力胜于天份。
The
Apollo program was not so much a scientific
achievement as a technical accomplishment.
阿波罗计划与其说是一项科学成果，不如说是一项技术成就。
5. not so much ... as ...
结构︰
not so much
＋介系
词词组／不定词词组＋
as
＋介系词词组／不定词词组
说明︰此句型意为“与其说是?倒不如说是?”
。相当于“
<
介系词词组
>
／
<
不定词词组
>
＋
rather
than
＋
<
介系词词组
>/<
不定词词组
>
”
。
Happiness hinges not so much on wealth
as on health.
快乐与其说在于财富倒不如说在于健康。
One’s greatness lies not so much in his
wealth as in his character.
一个人的伟大与其说是由他的财富来判断，倒不如说是由他的
品德来判断。
Success lies
not so much as in luck as in hard work.
与其说成功在于运气不如说是辛勤努力。
I lay down not so much to sleep as to t
hink.
我躺下来与其说是要睡觉，
倒不如说是要思考。
It is not so helpful to
give someone some bread as to teach him how to
make a living.
与其说给人面包很有帮助，倒不如说教导他如何谋生才重要。
Our success was attributed not so much
to your help as to our cooperation.
我们的成功与其归功于您的帮忙，不如归功于我们的合作。
The great use of a school education is
not so much to teach you things as to teach you
the art
of learning.
学校教育的最大
用处，与其说是教你事物，不如说是教你学习的方法。
The
oceans do not so much divide the world as unite
it. (=The oceans do not divide the world
so much as unite it.)
与其说是海洋分割这个世界，不如说是统一这个世界。
6. not so much as ...
结构︰
not so much as ...
说明︰此句型意为“甚至都不?”
。相当于“
not
even
...
”
< br>。本
<
词组
>
< br>使用时，要置于
<
助动
词
>
之后，即：
cannot so much as
＋原形
< br><
动词
>
（甚至?都不能）
，
do not so much as
＋
原形
<
动词
>
（甚至?都不）
，
have not so much as<
/p>
＋过去
<
分词
>
（甚至?都没有）
。
He cannot so much as write his own
name. (=He cannot even write his own name.)
他甚至连自己的名字都不会写。
He
did not so much as thank me.
他甚至都没谢我。
He
is so stupid that he can’t so much as eat.
他蠢得甚至连吃饭都不会。
When Mary walked in, she didn’t so much
as take a glance
at me, which angered
me.
玛丽进门时，连看我一眼都没有，真令人生气。
7. none the ...er for ...
结构︰
none the
＋比较级＋<
/p>
for
＋名词
说明︰此句型意为
“即使?却一点也不?”
。
< br>相当于
“
none the
＋比
较级＋
because-
子句”
。
for
为
<
介系
词
>
，
之后接
<
名词
>
为其
<
受词
>
；
b
ecause
则为
<
副词
><
连接词
>
，
之后接
<
主词
>
＋
<
动词
>
，引导
<
副词子句
><
/p>
。
His health is
none the better for his exercise (=because he
takes exercise).
即使他运动，他的健康状况却一点也不好。
She is none the more beautiful because
she wears a fancy dress.
即使她身穿时髦洋装，却一点也不漂亮。
He is none the happier for his great
wealth.
即使他有钱，却一点也不快乐。
He
is none the wiser because he has read many books.
他虽然读了不少书，可是并未因此而聪明些。
8. none the less ... for ...
结构︰
none the less
＋
形容词／副词＋
for
＋名词
说明︰此句型意为
“即使?却仍然”
。
相当于
“
none the less
＋形容词／副词＋
because-
子句”<
/p>
。
none the less
为
<
副词
>
，
译成
“仍然”
，
可修
饰
<
动词
>
，
<
形容词
>
或
<
副词
>
；<
/p>
修饰
<
动词
><
/p>
时，
置于该
<
动
词
>
之后；修饰
<
形容词
>
时，置于该
<
形容词
>
之前；修饰
<<
/p>
副词
>
时，置于该
<
副
词
>
之
前。
I love him none the less
because he is poor.
即使他穷，我还是爱他。
She
is none the less beautiful for her shabby
clothing.
即使她衣衫褴褛，却仍然美丽。
He
studied none the less hard because he had failed.
即使他失败了，却仍然用功念书。
9. ... no more ... than ...
结构︰
A
＋动词＋
no more
＋
B
＋
than<
/p>
＋
C
＋动词＋
D
说明︰此句型意为“
A
不是
B
正如
C
不是
D
”<
/p>
。
“
no more ...
than
”等于“
not ... any more
than
”
。若
<
/p>
than
之后的词类与前面的词类相同，可以省略；若不同，则不
可省略。
A
whale is no more a fish than a horse is.
鲸鱼不是鱼正如马不是鱼一样。
A
home without love is no
more a home than a body without a soul is a man.
没有爱的家不是家，就如同没有灵魂的身体不是人一样。
He is no more able to speak English
than I am (able to speak English).
和我不会说英语一样，他也不会说英语。
He is no more considerate of others
than his brother is.
他不体谅别人，就跟他弟弟一样。
He
can no more sing than I can dance.
他不会唱歌正如我不会跳舞一样。
We
can no more live without sleep than (we can)
without water.
我们没有睡眠不能活，正如我们没有水就不能活一样。
I am no more out of my mind than you
are (out of your mind).
你我两人都没有疯狂。
Tom
was no more surprised than (he was) disappointed
at this news.
汤姆听见那消息既不惊讶也不失望。
He
is no better (no more good) at English than I am.
他的英文不好，就像我一样。
10. ... no less ... than ...
结构︰
A
＋动词＋
no less<
/p>
＋
B
＋
than
＋
C
＋动词＋
D
说明︰此句型意为
“
A
是
B
和
C
是
D
一样
”
。
“
no less ... th
an
”
等于
“
as ... as
”
，
no
less
之
后可置
<
副词
>
或
< br><
形容词
>
修饰。
A
whale is no
less a mammal than a horse is.
鲸鱼和马一样都是哺乳动物。
He is no less clever than his elder
brother.
他和他的大哥一样聪明。
She
is no less good at swimming than Mary.
她和玛丽一样擅长游泳。
His parents are no less happy over his
engagement than he is (happy over his engagement).
他的双亲对他订婚的高兴并不亚于他自己。
He studies no less hard than John.
他和约翰一样用功。
Associating with good friends is no
less important to us than choosing good books.
交益友与选择好书对我们同样重要。
A
good shirt is no less
expensive than a
jacket.
一件好衬衫的昂贵程度并不比一件夹克衫差。
Sports wears, no less than suits, are
very much
saleable.
运动服和西服套一样，非常畅销。
11. I am too glad not to ...
结构︰主词＋动词＋
too
＋形容词／副词＋
not
＋
to-
不定词?
说明︰此句型意为“太?而必能?；非常?”
。本
<
句型
>
具有双重否定作用，也可将否定词
移到
<
< br>动词
>
部分。
Our professor is too capable not to
solve this difficult problem.
我们教授非常有才干，必定能解决这一难题。
This customer is too honest not to
deceive us.
这位客户非常诚实，不会骗我们。
I
am too glad not to help the boy.
我太乐意了而不
能不帮助那男孩－－我非常乐意帮助那
男孩。
It is never too late to learn.
活到老，学到老。
12. I am
only too ... to ...
结构︰主词＋动词＋
only too
＋形容词／副词＋
to-
不定词
说明︰此句型意为
“非常?”
。
only
除去了
too
的否定意义，
only
too
相当于
very
，
very much
等。
I am only too
glad to accept your kind invitation.
我非常高兴地接受你的邀请。
He is only too willing to serve
friends.
他极愿为朋友效劳。
I
am only too pleased to do business with you.
我能和你做生意，太高兴了。
13. ... only to do ...
结构︰?<
/p>
only
／
merely
／
simply
／
just<
/p>
＋
to-
不定词?
说明︰此句型意为“竟然?；却?”
。表示与先前的努力相
反的结果，一般用在句尾。
He studied hard
only to fail in the exam.
他这么用功，结果竟然考场失利。
He
rushed all the way to the station only to miss the
train.
他一路冲往车站，结果还是错过了火车。
He tried a second time only to fail
again.
他再试一次，竟然还是失败。
He
tried to increase his income by gambling only to
plunge more deeply into the mire.
他企图藉赌博增加收入，却陷入了更深的困境。
I went out, merely to get caught in a
shower.
我跑出去，结果徒然碰到一场骤雨。
14. ... have only to do ...
结构︰
have only
＋
to-
不定词?
说明
︰此句型意为
“只需?就够了”
。
相当
于
“
All one has to do ...
”
或
“
What one
has to do ...
”
。
Y
ou have only to sit there
and watch what I am doing.
你只要坐在这里，看着我做就行了。
Don’t worry; you have only to sing a
son
g to please her.
不用担心，你只需唱首歌让她高兴就行了。
Y
ou have only to go.
你只要去即可。
Y
ou have only to ask and
he’ll tell you.
你只要问他，他就会告诉你。
15.
There is no + V-ing ...
结构︰
There is
no
＋动名词?
说明︰此句型意为“
做?是不可能的”
。等于“
It is impossible
to
＋原形
<
动词
>
”或“
No one
can<
/p>
＋原形
<
动词
>
”
。
There is no accounting for tastes.
人各有所好。
There was no telling what the next
assignment would be.
不晓得下一个任务将是什么。
There is no reasoning with such a
stubborn man as Peter.
跟彼得这种固执的人讲理简直是不可能的事。
There is no denying that Taiwan is a
beautiful island.
台湾是座美丽的岛屿，
这
是不可否认的。
There is no
describing the beauty of the scene.
谁都无法形容这景色的美丽。
There is no typing up this letter
within five minutes.
不可能在五分钟内打完这封信。
16. may as well + V ...
结构︰
may as
well
＋原形动词
说明︰此句型意
为“最好?；不妨?”
。等于
had
better
，但
<
语气
>
比较委婉。
We
may as well leave the table after dinner is over.
晚餐后我们不妨离开桌子。
Y
ou may as well keep it a
secret.
你最好将这件事保密。
Y
ou are not (physically)
strong, so you may as well take care of your
health.
你的体格不壮，因此最好注意健康。
17. ...may as well ... as ...
结构︰
may
／
might as
well
＋原形动词
A
＋
as
＋原形动词
B
说明︰此句型意为“与其
B
倒不如
A
”
。相当于“
had better
A
than B
”
。
“
may as well ... as
”
实现的可能性较大，而“
might as well ...
as
”实现的可能性较小。
Since it is raining hard, you may as
well stay here as leave.
既然雨下得这么大，你与其离开倒不如待在这儿。
Y
ou might as well throw your
money into the sea as lend it to him.
你借他钱不如把钱扔到海里去。
Y
ou might as well not know a
thing at all as know it only a little.
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