河北省衡水中学2018届高三上学期七调考试英语试题(有答案)

四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

Neil Jordan, a conservation biologist, has come up with a novel method for protecting cattle from African lions:

paint eyes on their behinds. The lions will think their inten

ded prey has seen them and will give up, since they’ve

lost the element of surprise.

This psychological trickery has been called “iCow”, which is actually not as strange as it sounds. The eye

-like

patterns on butterfly wings are known to prevent preying birds and woodcutters in Indian forests wear masks on the

backs of their heads when working to discourage hungry tigers.

The

inspiration

for

the

iCow

strategy

came

while

Jordan

was

based

in

a

village

in

Botswana,

when

two

lionesses were killed by local farme

rs to revenge their cattle’s death. The African lion is a vulnerable species, with

numbers dropping from over 100,000 in the 1990s to about 30,000 today. Much of that decline is due to these kinds

of revengeful killings because farmers have no effective strategies for protecting their herds.

“Lions are hunters that like to attack by surprise. They move slowly, quietly and carefully

to their prey, get

close and jump on them unseen,” he said. When Jordan was watching a lion follow an antelope one day, he noti

ced

the lion gave up the hunt once the antelope spotted it.

So he joined one of the local farmers on a 10-week trial study, painting eyes on one-third of a herd of 62 cattle.

When the cattle returned each night, they took a head count to see how many had survived. Only three cows were

killed by lions during this period-all without the painted eyes on their behinds. And all the painted cows survived.

However, Jordan warned that so far this is just a promising idea. He is now back in Botswana for a more ambitious

study, armed with GPS devices to better monitor the movement of predators and prey.

21. The iCow strategy is designed to

.

A. kill the lions

B. warn the preys of danger

D. scare off animals that kill

C. identify the cattle

22. When hunting, lions like to

.

A. give up halfway

B. hesitate to take action

D. launch surprising attacks

C. chase their prey steadily

23. What can be inferred from the passage?

A. The iCow strategy is likely to bring great benefit.

B. In the 10-week trial study more cattle were killed.

C. The farmers will take their revenge on more lions.

D. Neil got inspiration from patterns on butterfly wings.

B

Conformity involves changing your behaviour to “fit in” or “go along” with the people around y

ou. In some

cases, this social influence might involve agreeing with or acting like the majority of people in a specific group, or

involve behaving in a particular way to be viewed as “normal” by the group. Actually

, conformity is something that

happens

re

gularly

in

our

social

world.

Sometimes

we’re

aware

of

our

behaviour,

but

in

many

cases

it

happens

without much thought or awareness on our parts. And even in some cases we go along with things we disagree with

or behave in ways we know we shouldn’t.

There are countless examples of conformity in life. For instance, a teenager dresses in a certain style because he

wants to fit in with the rest of the teenagers in his social group. A woman reads a book for her book club and really

enjoys it. When she attends her book club meeting, the other members all dislike the book. Rather than go against

the group opinion, she simply agrees with the others that the book is terrible.

Why do we conform? In many cases, looking to the rest of the group for clues for how we should behave can

actually

be

helpful.

Others

might

have

greater

knowledge

or

experience

than

we

do,

so

following

their

lead

can

actually be instructive. And in some cases, we conform to the expectations of the group to avoid looking foolish.

This tendency ca

n become especially strong in situations where we aren’t quite sure how to act. Additionally, there

are some situations where we conform just in order to avoid punishments or gain rewards.

There are many factors that influence conformity. For example, not knowing how to perform a difficult task

makes people more likely to conform. Personal characteristics such as motivation to achieve and strong leadership

abilities are linked with a decreased tendency to conform. And people are more likely to conform in situations that

involve between three and five other people.

24. What can we learn about conformity from the first paragraph?

A. Actually it is rare for us to conform.

B. Blind conformity should be criticized.

C. Sometimes people tend to conform unconsciously.

D. Conformity means changing your behaviour reluctantly.

25. Which of the following is a case of conformity?

A. Joining a certain organization.

B. Following the ongoing fashion.

C. Sharing something personal with others.

D. Giving up your creative ideas cautiously.

26. When are we most likely to conform according to the text?

A. When we are at a loss.

B. When we are rejected.

D. When we feel uncomfortable.

C. When we feel threatened.

27. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

A. Conformity cannot be avoided by anyone.

B. Conformity is linked to the size of the group.

C. Conformity is a natural response to challenges.

D. Conformity isn’t related to individual differences.

C

Over

a

decade

ago,

scientists

already

recognized

the

potential

smart

cloths

with

sensors

(

传感器

)

could

improve well-being. Nowadays the industry is starting to target specific health conditions. One example is diabetes.

Now,

Siren

Care

has

developed

an

injury-detecting

sock

that

could

help

people

with

diabetes

prevent

disability.

Early

detection

is

important

in

this

process.

Since

skin

ulcers

(

溃疡

)

are

accompanied

by

a

rise

in

temperature,

studies show that detecting foot skin temperature at home could significantly reduce skin ulcers. Based on this, Siren

produced a sock that can measure foot temperature in real time.

What’s special about Siren’s product is that the sensors exist in the fabric of the sock. The product is powered

by

“SirenSmart”,

a

kind

of

electronic

yarn

(

纱线

).

They

weave

the

yarn

into

a

sock

using

ordinary

weaving

machines and connect the final product to a PCB battery, whose lifetime is two months if used daily. The socks are

only on when they’re worn

; they go into sleep mode when off.

All data from the socks is sent to the Siren app using Bluetooth technology, so the user can know the condition

of his/her feet in real time. The application gives foot health scores and, when necessary, warns the user to adjust

activity or see a healthcare professional.

Ran

Ma,

the

company’s

CEO,

explains

the

sock

can

tell

t

he

user

when

to

see

a

doctor.

The

socks

are

machine-washable,

and don’t need to be charged. Every six months, the user gets a new box with seven pairs

of

socks to replace the used ones.

Siren presented their product this year in Las Vegas and announced tha

t they’re planning to start shipping their

socks this summer. More excitingly, Siren is already planning future applications that will go beyond diabetes care.

Anyway, as smart clothing becomes accessible, you’ll begin to see this health technology become

more common.

28. What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 1 refer to?

A. The result of the study.

B. The problem with skins.

D. The importance of early detection.

C. The cause of skin ulcers.

29. What can we learn about Siren’s smart s

ock from the second paragraph?

A. It can be charged.

B. It is sensitive to skins.

D. It is comfortable to wear.

C. Its sensors can be seen.

30. What should be the function of the smart sock?

A. It cures its user of possible illness.

B. It informs its user of his/her foot health.

C. It assists its user to make a quicker recovery.

D. It tests its user’s physical strength in real time.

31. What does the author think of the smart clothing industry?

A. It has a bright future.

C. It is readily available.

B. It is a profitable industry.

D. It has widely applied.

D

Scientists have found living organisms trapped in crystals (

晶体

) that could be 50,000 years old.

The organisms were found in a hot, but beautiful cave system in Naica, Mexico. These ancient life forms can be

seen only with a microscope. Penelope Boston, who leads the Astrobiology Institute at NASA, the space agency of