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新高一暑期衔接课（英语）
第
3
讲
阅读理解：
“人与自然”主题
对人与自然关系的正确认知与态度是学生价值观念和文化品格
的一部分。
在生
态危机成为全球话题的今天，英语学科在培养学
生生态文明理念和行动能力方面，
有其特有的价值与意义。在“人与自然”话题领域中，有的属于与生活贴近的熟悉
话题（
如小学段的天气、四季）
；但随着学段升高设计越来越多的新信息和不熟悉
乃至专门性的知识（如太空探索、克隆技术等）
。通过英语获得自然科学知识，属
于素养教育的一部分，是主题学习的基本内
容。
读一读
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的
四个选项
(A
、
B
、
C
和
D)
中，选出最佳选项。
Passage 1
I work with
Volunteers for Wildlife, a rescue and education
organization at Bailey Arboretum
in
Locust Valley. Trying to help injured, displaced
or sick creatures can be heartbreaking; survival
is never certain. However, when it
works, it is simply beautiful.
I got a rescue call from a woman in
Muttontown. She had found a young
owl(
猫头鹰
) on the
ground. When I arrived, I saw a 2-to
3-week-old owl. It had already placed in a
carrier
for safety.
I examined the
chick(
雏鸟
) and it seemed
fine. If I could locate the nest, I might have
been
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新高一暑期衔接课（英语）
able
to put it back, but no luck. My next work was to
construct a nest and anchor it in a tree.
The homeowner was very
helpful. A wire basket was found. I put some pine
branches into the
basket to make this
nest safe and comfortable. I placed the chick in
the nest, and it quickly calmed
down.
Now
all
that
was
needed
were
the
parents,
but
they
were
absent.
I
gave
the
homeowner
a
recording of the hunger screams of owl
chicks. These advertise the presence of chicks to
adults;
they might also encourage our
chick to start calling as well. I gave the owner
as much information
as possible and
headed home to see what news the night might
bring.
A
nervous
night
to
be
sure,but
sometimes
the
spirits
of
nature
smile
on
us
all!
The
homeowner called to say that the
parents had responded to the recordings. I drove
over and saw
the
chick
in
the
nest
looking
healthy
and
active.
And
it
was
accompanied
in
the
nest
by
the
greatest sight of all
—
LUNCH
！
The parents
had done their duty and would probably continue to
do so.
1.
What is
unavoidable in the author’s rescue work according
ro paragraph 1?
A. Efforts
made in vain.
B. Getting injured in his
work.
C. Feeling uncertain about his
future.
res forced out
of their homes.
2. Why was the author
called to Muttontown?
A. To rescue a
woman.
C.
To look at a baby owl.
3. What made
the chick calm down?
A. A new nest.
B.
Some food.
C. A recording.
D. Its parents.
4. How would the author feel about the
outcome of the event?
’s
unexpected.
B. It’s
beautiful.
C. It’s
humorous.
D
. It’s discouraging.
语篇导读：
本文开头是一段议论，
然后讲述故事的过程：
接电话去探鸟—
—互相帮忙搭鸟窝
——留下录音引成鸟——佳音回传再探鸟。
答案及解析：
B. To take
care of a woman.
D. To cure a young
owl.
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新高一暑期衔接课（英语）
1.
A
。根据文章第一段第二句
“Trying to help
injured, displaced or sick creatures can
be
heartbreaking; survival
is never certain. ”
可知，对动物进行救助，并不能保证它们存活
，也就
是有的努力是徒劳的。
2.
C
。根
据第二段内容和第三段开头
“
I examined the
chick(
雏鸟
) and it seemed fine
.
”
可知，作
者去
Muttontown
是为了治疗一只猫头鹰雏鸟。
3.
A
。根据文章第四段最后一句
“I placed the
chick in the nest, and it quickly calmed down. ”
可
知，是作者新搭建的窝使猫头鹰雏鸟平静了下来。
4.
B
。根据短文第一段最后一句
“However, when
it works, it is simply beautiful.”
以及最后一
段
倒数第二句的关键词
by the greast
sight of all
可知，作者对本次救助的结果是感到非常满意
的。
必备词汇
volunteer(n.)
志愿者
injured(adj.)
受伤的
sick
（
adj.
< br>）不舒服的，生病的
heartbreaking(adj.)
令人心碎的，悲痛的
certain(adj.)
无疑，肯定
locate(vt.)
找出，指出（地点或位置）
anchor (vt.)
系住，使固定，抛锚
absent(adj.)
缺席的，缺少的，心不在焉的
advertise (vt.)
公布，宣传
respond
（
vi.
）回答，作出反应
duty
（
n.
）责任
rescue
(n.)
营救
displaced(adj.)
流离失所的
creature(n.)
动物，生物，人，创造物
survival(n.)
幸存，生存（的人）
carrier(n.)
载体，货架，运送者
construct(vt.)
修建，建立
branch(n.)
树枝，分支
scream(n.)
尖叫声
head(vi.)
朝
…
行进
accompany(vt.)
陪伴，陪同
Passage 2
After years of
heated debate, gray wolves were reintroduced to
Yellowstone National Park.
Fourteen
wolves were caught in Canada and transported to
the park. By last year, the Yellowstone
wolf population had grown to more than
170 wolves.
Gray
wolves
once
were
seen
here
and
there
in
the
Yellowstone
area
and
much
of
the
continental United States, but they
were gradually displaced by human development. By
the 1920s,
wolves had practically
disappeared from the Yellowstone area. They went
farther north into the
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新高一暑期衔接课（英语）
deep
forests of Canada, where there were fewer humans
around.
The
disappearance of the wolves had many unexpected
results. Deer and elk populations
—
major food
sources (
来源
) for the wolf
–
grew rapidly. These animals
consumed large amounts of
vegetation
(
植被
),
which
reduced
plant
diversity
in
the
park.
In
the
absence
of
wolves,
coyote
populations also grew quickly. The
coyotes killed a large percentage of the park’s
red foxes
, and
completely
drove away the park’s beavers.
As
early
as
1966,
biologists
asked
the
government
to
consider
reintroducing
wolves
to
Yellowstone Park. They hoped that
wolves would be able to control the elk and coyote
problems.
Many farmers opposed the plan
because they feared that wolves would kill their
farm animals or
pets.
The government spent nearly
30 years coming up with a plan to reintroduce the
wolves. The
U.S.
Fish
and
Wildlife
Service
carefully
monitors
and
manages
the
wolf
packs
in
Yellowstone.
Today, the
debate continues over how well the gray wolf is
fitting in at Yellowstone. Elk, deer, and
coyote
populations
are
down,
while
beavers
and
red
foxes
have
made
a
comeback.
The
Yellowstone
wolf
project
has
been
a
valuable
experiment
to
help
biologists
decide
whether
to
reintroduce wolves to other parts of
the country as well.
1. What is the
text mainly about?
A. Wildlife research
in the United States.
B. Plant
diversity in the Yellowstone area.
C.
The conflict between farmers and gray wolves.
D. The reintroduction of wolves to
Yellowstone Park.
2
. What
does the underlined word “displaced” in paragraph
2 mean?
A. Tested.
B. Separated.
C. Forced out.
D. Tracked
down.
did the disappearance of gray
wolves bring about
？
A. Damage to local ecology.
C. Preservation of
vegetation.
B.
A decline in the park’s
income.
D. An increase in
the variety of animals.
4
.What is the author’s
attitude towards the Yellowstone wolf
project
？
A.
Doubtful.
B.
Positive.
C.
Disapproving.
D. Uncaring.
语篇导读：
说明文。文章大意：灰狼被重新引进黄石公园。
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新高一暑期衔接课（英语）
答案及解析：
1. D
主旨大意题。
根据第一段第一句和最后一段第一句可知，
< br>“gray wolves were reintroduced
to
Yellowstone National Park”
灰狼被重新引进黄石国家公园
，故选
D
。
2. C
词义猜测题。
根据第二段后
两句可知，
“disappeared from the Yellowstone
area. They went
farther north into the
deep
forests of Canada, where there
were fewer humans around.”
灰狼从黄
石区域消失，向人类很少的北方迁徙，由此判断灰狼被人类排挤，故选
C
。
3.
A
推理判断题。问题是灰狼的消失带来什么。根据第三段内容可知，灰狼减少，鹿群增
多，从而植被遭破坏等一系列负面后果，导致黄石公园生态平衡被破坏，故选
A
。
4. B
推理判断题。问作者的观点，根据文章最后一句话，
“The
Yellowstone wolf project has
been a
valuable experiment to help biologists...
”
作者认为这项计划是有价值的实验，可知作者
是赞同的态
度，故选
B
。
必备词汇
debate (n.)
(v.)
争论
reintroduce (v.)
重新引入
→
introduce (v.)
介绍
→
introduction
(n.)
介绍
transport
(n.) (v.)
运输
gradually (adv.)
逐渐地
disappear
(v.)
消失
→
disappearance
(n.)
消失
rapidly
(adv.)
快速地，急速地
diversity (n.)
差异，多样性
continental (adj.)
大陆的
(n.)
大陆人
displace (v.)
取代，代替
practically
(adv.)
事实上，几乎，差不多
→
practical
(adj.)
实际的，可行的
consume (v.)
消耗
oppose (v.)
反对
Passage 3
Passenger
pigeons(
旅鸽
) once flew over
much of the United States in unbelievable numbers.
Written accounts from the 18th and 19th
centuries described
flocks(
群
) so large that they
darkened
the sky for hours.
It
was calculated that when its population reached
its highest point, there were more than 3
billion passenger pigeons
–
a number equal to 24 to 40
percent of the total bird population in the
United States, making it perhaps the
most abundant bird in the world. Even as late as
1870 when
their
numbers
had
already
become
smaller,
a
flock
believed
to
be
1
mile
wide
and
320
miles
(about 515 kilometers)
long was seen near Cincinnati.
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新高一暑期衔接课（英语）
Sadly,
the
abundance
of
passenger
pigeons
may
have
been
their
undoing.
Where
the
birds
were
most
abundant,
people
believed
there
was
an
ever-
lasting
supply
and
killed
them
by
the
thousands. Commercial
hunters attracted them to small clearings with
grain, waited until pigeons
had settled
to feed, then threw large nets over them,
taking hundreds at a time. The birds
were
shipped to large cities and sold
in restaurants.
By the closing
decades of the 19th century, the hardwood forests
where passenger pigeons
nested had been
damaged by Americans’ need for wood, which
scattered (
驱散
) the flocks
and
forced the birds to go farther
north, where cold temperatures and spring storms
contributed to their
decline. Soon the
great flocks were gone, never to be seen again.
In 1897, the state of Michigan passed a
law prohibiting the killing of passenger pigeons,
but
by then, no sizable flocks had been
seen in the state for 10 years. The last confirmed
wild pigeon
in
the
United
States
was
shot
by
a
boy
in
Pike
County,
Ohio,
in
1900.
For
a
time,
a
few
birds
survived
under
human
care.
The
last
of
them,
known
affectionately
as
Martha,
died
at
the
Cincinnati Zoological
Garden on September 1, 1914.
1. In the
18th and early 19th centuries, passenger pigeons
_______.
A. were the biggest bird in
the world
B. lived mainly in the south of America
C. did great harm to the natural
environment D. were the largest bird
population in the US
2. The
u
nderlined word “undoing” probably
refers to the pigeons’ ______.
A. escape
B. ruin
C. liberation
D. evolution
3. What was the
main reason for people to kill passenger pigeons?
A. To seek pleasure.
B. To save other birds. C. To make money.
D. To protect crops.
4. What can we
infer about the law passed in Michigan?
A. It was ignored by the public.
C. It
was unfair.
B. It was declared too
late.
D. It was strict.
语篇导读：
说明文。文章大意：美国旅鸽因人类的滥捕滥杀和栖息地的破坏而灭
绝。
答案及解析：
1.
D
细
节理解题。
根据第一段第二句和第二段第一句可知，
“
flocks so large that they darkened
the sky
”
成群旅鸽飞行时遮天
蔽日，
“
it perhaps the most
abundant bird in the world
”
可
能是世界
上数量最多的鸟类，故选
D
。
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