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整理人
尼克
八下英语单词
表人教版
文件编号：
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人教版英语八年级下册
Unit 5 What were you doing when the
rainstorm came?
知识点总结及单元测试卷（附答案）
【教材内容解析】
Section
A
1.
33)
此句是过去进行时，
表示过去某个时候正在发生的动作，
结构为：
w
as/were doing sth.
。
They were watching TV at nine o’clock
last night.
What were you
doing yesterday at the time of the rainstorm? (P.
2.
My alarm
didn’t
go off
so...(P.
34)
go off
此处表示
“
发出响声
”
，还可
以表示
“
爆炸、离开、停止运转
”
。
The alarm went
off at 7 a.m. yesterday.
A
bomb went off just now.
Danny decided go off on his
own.
3.
I called at seven and you didn’t
pick up
. (P. 34)
pick up
意为
“
接电话
”
，相当于
answe
r the phone
。
Why
don’t you pick up/answer the phone?
【拓展】
pick up
还可以表示<
/p>
“
捡起、开车接送
”
。
My pen is under your
desk. Can you pick it up for me?
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Can
you pick me up at the station?
4. I called again at eight and you
didn’t answer then
either
.
(P. 34)
also, too, as well
与
either
都可以表示
“
也
”
，但是用法不同。
also
too
as
well
either
放在句中行为动词前，
be
动词、
助动词和情态动词之后。
用于肯定句中，放在句尾，前面用逗号隔开。
用于肯定句中，放在句尾，前面不用逗号隔开。
用于否定句句末。
He also
wants to go.
He wants to go,
either.
He wants to go as
well.
He doesn’t want to go
either
1.
With no light outside
, it
felt like
midnight. (P.
35)
(1) with
这里用作介
词，表示伴随状况，意为
“
由于、因为
”
。
With John
away, there’s more room in the house.
1.
feel like
表示
“
感觉像、感觉好似
”
The interview only took
ten minutes, but it felt like hours.
【拓展】
feel like
还可以表
示
“
想要
”
，
后接动词时，用
doing
的形式。
He didn’t feel like going
swimming.
1.
Ben’s dad was putting pieces of wood
over the windows while his
mom was
making sure
the flashlights
and radio were working. (P. 35)
make sure
意为
“
确保
”
，后接
of
短语或者
that
从句。
I tried to make sure of the
problem.
Make sure that no
one finds out about it.
2.
She also put
some candles and
matches
on
the table. (P. 35)
match
此处用作名词，表示
“
火柴
”
。
Don’t let
your children play with matches.
【拓展】
match
用作名词还可以表示
“
比赛
”
，用作动词，意
为
“
般配
”
。
Our team won the football
game.
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This pair of shoes match your dress
well.
3.
Ben
was
helping
his
mom
make
dinner
when
the
rain
began
to
beat
heavily
against
the windows. (P. 35)
1.
be
at
用作动词，
表示
“
敲打、
拍打
”
，
还可以表示
“
战胜、
打败<
/p>
”
，
宾语是对手。
They beat drums to cheer up the
players.
I beat her at
swimming yesterday.
2.
against
用作介词，表示
“
碰、撞
”<
/p>
。
The rain beat
against the windows.
【拓展】
against
用作介词，还可以表示
“
倚着、靠着
”
或者
“
反对
”
。
The worker put the leader against the
wall.
We were rowing against
the current.
They are
against building a factory here.
1.
He
finally
fell
asleep
when
the
wind
was
dying
down
at
around
3:00 a.m. (P. 35)
die down
意为
“
逐渐变弱、逐渐消失
”
。
The wind finally died
down.
2.
When he
woke up
,
the sun was
rising
. (P. 35)
(1)
wake sb. up<
/p>
意为
“
把某人唤醒
”
，
wake up
意为
“
醒来
”
。
His mother often wakes him up at
6:00 in the morning.
I
usually wake up at 6:30.
(2)
rise(rose,risen,rising)
不及物动词，意为
< br>“
升起，上升
”
辨析：
rise
与
rais
e
rise
不及物动词
意为
“
升起，
上升
”
< br>
The water in the river rose after
the heavy rain.
The sun
rises in the east and sets in the west.
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raise
及物动词
意为
“
提高，
筹集，
抬高，举起
”
The worker want the
boss to raise their wages.
The teacher asks us to raise our hands
if we have questions.
We
should try our best to raise more money for the
poor family.
11. Although
the storm
broke
many things
apart
, it brought families
and
neighbors closer together. (P. 35)
break...apart
意为<
/p>
“
把
……
折断；
把
……
分开
”
。
The strong wind broke the
branches apart.
Rumors broke
the two close friends apart.
Section B
1.
Kate
realized
her bag was still
at home. (P. 37)
realize
用作及物动词，意为
“
理解、领会、意识到
”
，后接名词、代词或者从句作宾
语。
He didn’t realize his
mistake.
The man laughed
when he realized what happened.
2.
When
the
school
basketball
competition
started,
Kate
was
still
making her way
to
school. (P. 38)
make one’s way to
意为
“
前往
……”
，后接表示地点的名
词。
We slowly made our way to
the mall through the crowd.
3.
Robert Allen
is now
over
50, but he was a
school pupil at that time.
(P.
38)
over
此处表示
“
超过、多于
”
，相当于
more than
。
She stayed in Lagos for over a
month.
He is over
sixty.
4.
We were eating dinner in the kitchen
when we heard the news
on
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the
radio
. (P. 38)
on
the
radio
表示
“
通过广播、通过录音机
”
，
on
此处用作介词，表示
“
借助、以某种
方式
”
，
后常接表示媒介的名词。
She is watching
the show on TV
.
5.
My parents did
not talk after that, and we finished
the rest of
our
dinner
in
silence
. (P. 38)
(1)
rest
此处表示
“
其余的部分
”
，
the rest of
意为
“
其余的
……
、其它的
……”
，后可接
可数名词后者不可数名词，
当
在句中作主语时，
谓语动词的单复数与
of
后面的名词
保持一致，
若
of
后面的名词是单数可数名词或者不可数名词，
谓语动词用单数形式；
若
of
后面的名词是可数名词复数，谓
语动词用复数形式。
The rest of the
money is on the desk.
Some
of
the
students
are
reading
in
the
classroom
and
the
rest
of
them
are
on
the
playground.
1.
in silence
意为
“
沉默、无声
”<
/p>
。
She stood by the
window in silence for a long time.
1.
More
recently
,
most
Americans remember what
they
were
doing
when the World
Trade Center in New York was
taken
down
by terrorists.
(P.
38)
1.
recently
用作副词，意为
“
近来、最近
”
，常与现在完成时连用。
Have you called your mother
recently?
2.
take down
意为
“
拆除、拆掉
”
，还可以表示
“
写下、记下
”
。
< br>
Could you please help me take down
this tent?
I forgot to take
down his telephone number.
1.
I
didn’t believe him
at first
,
but then I looked out of the window
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and
realized that it was true. (P. 38)
at first
意为
“
起初、
起先
”
，
多用于句首或者句尾，
暗示与后来的动作或者情况不同，
< br>与
at last“
最后、最终
”
相对。
The work was
hard at first, but I got used to it
later.
2.
I was so scared that I could
hardly
think clearly after
that. (P. 38)
hardly
< br>用作副词，表示
“
几乎不、几乎没有
”
。
She hardly
ate anything today.
There is
hardly any milk left in the ridge.
3.
Kate didn’t
think her friend was telling the
truth
about the event.
(P. 39)
truth
用作名词，表示
“
实情、事实
< br>”
，
to tell the truth
表示
“
说实话
”
，放在句中作插入
语，用逗号同句子其它成分隔开。
I must tell you the truth.
【重点短语和句型归纳】
重点短语
1. make sure
确信；确认
2. beat
against …
拍打
… …
3. fall asleep
进人梦乡；睡着
4. die
down
逐渐变弱；逐渐消失
5.
wake up
醒来
6. in
a mess
一团糟
7.
break … apart
使
……
分离
8. in times of difficulty
在困难的时候
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9.
at the time of
当
……
时候
10. go off (
闹钟
)
发出响声
11. take a hot
shower
洗热水澡
12.
miss the bus
错过公交车
13. pick up
接电话
14. bring … together
使
……
靠拢
15. in the area
在这个地区
16. miss
the event
错过这个事件
17. by the side of the road
在路边
18. the
Animal Helpline
动物保护热线
19. walk by
走路经过
20. make one’s way to …
在某人去
……
的路上
21. hear the news
听到这个消息
22.
important events in history
历史上的重大事件
23. for
example
例如
24. be
killed
被杀害
25.
over fifty
50
多
(
岁）
26. a school pupil
一个小学生
27. on the
radio
通过广播
28. in
silence
沉默；无声
29.
more recently
最近地；新近
30. the World Trade Center
世贸中心
31. take
down
拆除；摧毁
32.
have meaning to
对
……
有意义
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33.
remember doing sth.
记得做过某事
34. at first
首先；最初
重点句型
1. be busy
doing sth/be busy with sth
忙于（做）某事
2. see sb
/sth doing sth
看见某人或某物正在做某事
3. begin/start to do sth
开始做某事
4. try to
do sth
努力去做某事
5.
have trouble
（
in
）<
/p>
doing sth
做某事有困难
【语法讲解】
过去进行时
1.
< br>基本概念：过去进行时表示在过去某一时刻或一段时间内正在进行的
动作。这一特定的过去时间除有上下文暗示以外
,
一般用时间状语来表示。
2.
结构
was / were (
not ) +
动词
-
ing
3.
句式
肯定式：
I/He/She/It
was working. We/You/They/ were working.
否定式
:
I/He/She/It was not working.
We/You/They/ were not
working.
疑问式和简略回答
:
Was I working? Yes, you were. No, you
were not. Were you working? Yes, I was. No, I
was
not.
Was
he/she/it
working?
Yes,
he/she/it
was.
No,
he/she/it
was
not.
Were
we/you/they working? Yes, you/we/they
were. No, you/we/they were not.
注：
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1)
was not
常缩略为
wasn’t; were not<
/p>
常缩略为
weren’t
。
2)
一般过去时与过去进行时用法的比较
:
一般过去时表示在过去某个时间发生过
的动作或存在的状态
,
而过去进行时则表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行
的动
作。
例如
:
David
wrote a letter
to his
friend last
night.
大卫昨晚给他的朋友写了封信。
(
信写完
了。
)
David was writing a letter to his
friend last night.
大卫昨晚一直在给他的朋友写信。
(
信
不一定写完。
)
4.
过去进行时中的
when
和
while
when, while
区别：
1)
由
when
引导的时间状语从句，主句用过去进行时，从句应用一般过去时；
由
while
引导的时间状语从句，主句用一般过去时
，从句应用过去进行时。
When the teacher
came in, we were talking.
当此句改变主从句的位置时，则为：
While we were talking, the teacher came
in.
2)
如果从句和主句的动作同
时发生，
两句都用过去进行时的时候，
多用
while
引导。
如：
They were singing while we were
dancing.
【单元测试卷】
单项选择
(
每小题
1
分，
共
15
分
)
从
A
、
B
、<
/p>
C
、
D
四个选项
中选择可以填入空白处的最佳答案。
(
) 21. Ann was not at home at
that time and her mother wasn’t
________.
A. too
B. either
C. also
D. neither
(
) 22.
—
________ were you at the
time of the heavy rain?
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