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必修一
Unit1 Anne
’
s
Best Friend
Do you want a friend whom
you could tell everything to, like your deepest
feelings and thoughts?
Or are you
afraid that your friend would laugh at you, or
would not understand what you are goi
ng
through? Anne Frank wanted the first kind, so she
made her diary her best friend.
Anne
lived in Amsterdam in the Netherlands during World
War
Ⅱ
. Her family was Jewish
so nearl
y twenty-five months before
they were discovered. During that time the only
true friend was her
diary. She said,
”
I
don
’
t want to set down a
series of facts in a diary as most people do, but
I want this diary itself to be
my
friend, and I shall call my friend
Kitty.”
Now read how she
felt after being in the hiding place
si
nce July 1942.
Thursday
15th June, 1944 Dear Kitty,
I
wonder if i
t’s
because I
haven’t
been able to be
outdoors for so long that
I’ve
grown so crazy
ab
out everything to do with nature. I
can well remember that there was a time when a
deep blue sk
y, the song of the birds,
moonlight and flowers could never have kept me
spellbound.
That’s
chan
ged since I was here.
…
For example, one evening
when it was so warm, I stayed awake on purpose
until half past eleven
in order to have
a good look at the moon by my self. But as the
moon gave far too much light, I
di
dn’t
dare open a window.
Another time five months ago, I happened to be
upstairs at dusk when
the window was
open. I
didn’t
go downstairs
until the window bad to be shut. The dark, rainy
eve
ning, the wind, the thundering
clouds held me entirely in their power; it was the
first time in a ye
ar and a half that
I’d
seen the night face to
face…
…
Sadly
…I
am only able to look at
nature through dirty curtains hanging before very
dusty windows
.
It’s
no pleasure looking
through these any longer because nature is one
thing that really must be
experienced.
Yours, Anne
第一单元
友谊
Reading
安妮最好的朋友
你是不是想有一位
无话不谈能推心置腹的朋友呢?或者你是不是担心你的朋友会嘲笑你,
会
不理解你目前的困境呢?安妮·
弗兰克想要的是第一种类型的朋友,
于是她就把日记当成了
她最好的朋友。
安妮在第二次世界大战期间住在荷兰的阿姆斯特丹。
她一家人都是犹太人
,
所以他们不得不躲藏起来,
否则他们就会被德国纳粹抓去。<
/p>
她和她的家人躲藏了两年之后才
被发现。在这段时间里,她唯一的
忠实朋友就是她的日记了。她说,
“我不愿像大多数人那
样在日
记中记流水账。我要把这本日记当作我的朋友,我要把我这个朋友称作基蒂”
。安妮
p>
自从
1942
年
7
月起就躲藏在那儿了,现在,来看看她的心情吧。
亲爱的基蒂:
我不知道这是不是因
为我长久无法出门的缘故,
我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂
< br>热。
我记得非常清楚,
以前,
湛
蓝的天空、
鸟儿的歌唱、
月光和鲜花,
从未令我心迷神往过。
自从我来到这里,这一切都变了。
<
/p>
??比方说,有天晚上天气很暖和,我熬到
11
< br>点半故意不睡觉,为的是独自好好看看月亮。
但是因为月光太亮了,我不敢打开窗
户。
还有一次,就在五个月以前的一个晚上,
我碰巧在
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楼上,窗户是开着的。我一直等到非关窗不可的时候才下楼去。漆黑的夜晚,风吹雨打,
雷
电交加,我全然被这种力量镇住了。这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚??
??令人伤心的是??我只能
透过脏兮兮的窗帘观看大自然,窗帘悬挂在沾满灰尘的窗前,
但观看这些已经不再是乐趣
,因为大自然是你必须亲身体验的。
Using
Language
Reading, listening and
writing
亲爱的王小姐:
我同班上的同学有件麻烦事。
我跟我们班里的一位男同学一直相处很好,
我们常常一起做家
庭作业,而且很乐意相互帮助。
我们
成了非常好的朋友。
可是,其他同学却开始在背后议论
起来,<
/p>
他们说我和这位男同学在谈恋爱,
这使我很生气。
我不想中断这段友谊,但是我又讨
厌人家背后说闲话。我该怎么办呢?
Reading and writing
尊敬的编辑:
我是苏州高中的一名
学生。
我有一个难题,
我不太善于同人们交际。
虽然我的确试着去跟班
上的同学交谈,
但是我还是发现
很难跟他们成为好朋友。
因此,有时候我感到十分孤独。我
确实
想改变这种现状,
但是我却不知道该怎么办。
如果您能给我提些
建议,
我会非常感激的。
Unit2 the Road to
Modern English
At the end of the 16th
century, about five to seven million people spoke
English. Nearly all of the
m lived in
England. Later in the next century, people from
England made voyages to conquer othe
r
parts of the world, and because of that, English
began to be spoken in many other countries.
To
day, more people speak English as
their first, second or a foreign language than
ever before.
Native English speakers
can understand each other even if they
don’t
speak the same kind of
Eng
lish. Look at this example: British
Betty: Would you like to see my flat?
American Amy: Yes.
I’d
like
to come up to you apartment.
So why
has English changed over time? Actually all
languages change and develop when
cultures
meet and communicate with each
other. At fist the English spoken in England
between about AD
450 and 1150 was very
different from the English spoken today. It was
base more on German tha
n the English we
speak at present. Then gradually between about AD
500 and 1150, English beca
me less like
German because those who ruled England spoke first
Danish and later French. These
new
settlers enriched the English language and
especially its vocabulary. So by the
1600’s
Shakes
peare was able to make use of a
wider vocabulary than ever before. In 1620 some
British settlers
moved to America.
Later in the 18th century some British people were
taken to Australia to. Engli
sh began to
be spoken in both countries.
Finally
by the 19th century the language was settled. At
that time two big changes in English
spel
ling happened: first Samuel Johnson
wrote his dictionary and later Noah Webster wrote
The Ame
rican Dictionary of the English
language. The latter gave a separate identity to
American English s
pelling.
English now is also spoken as a foreign or second
language in South Asia. For example, India has
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a very large
number of fluent English speakers because Britain
ruled India from 1765 to 1947. Dur
ing
that time English became the language for
government and education. English is also spoken
i
n Singapore and Malaysia and countries
in Africa such as South Africa. Today the number
of peopl
e learning English in China is
increasing rapidly. In fact, China may have the
largest number of Eng
lish learners.
Will Chinese English develop its own identity?
Only time will tell.
第二单元
世界上的
英语
Reading
通向现代英语之路
16
世纪末期大约有
5
百万到
7
百万人说英语,<
/p>
几乎所有
这些人都
生活在英国。后来,在
17
世纪英国人开始航海征服了世界
其它地区。于是,许多别的国家
开始说英语了。
如今说英语的人
比以往任何时候都多,
他们有的是作为第一语言来说,
有的
p>
是作为第二语言或外语。
以英语作为母语的人,
即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同,
也可以互
相交流。请看以下例子:
英国人贝蒂:
“请到我的公寓(
flat
)里来看看,好吗?”
美国人
艾米
:
“好的。我很乐意到你的公寓(
apartment
)去。
”
那么,英语在一段时间里为什么
会起变化呢?事实上,当不同文化互相交
流渗透时,所有的语言都会有所发展,有所变化。
首先,在公元
450
年到
1150
年间,人们所说的
英语跟今天所说的英语就很不一样。当时的
英语更多地是以德语为基础的,
而现代英语不是。
然后,
渐渐地,
< br>大约在公元
800
年到
1150
年期间,
英语不那么像德语了。
因为那
时的英国的统治者起初讲丹麦语后来讲法语。
这些新
的定居者大
大丰富了英语语言,特别是在词汇方面。所以到
17
世纪,莎士
比亚所用的词汇
量比以前任何时期都大。在
1620
年,一些英国人搬迁到美洲定居。后来,到了
19
世纪,有
些英国人也被送往澳大利亚,两个国家的人都开始说英语了。
< br>
最后,到
20
世纪,英语才
真正定形。
那时,
英语在拼写上发生了两大变化:
首先,
塞缪尔·
约翰逊编写了词典,
后来,
诺厄·韦伯斯特编纂了
《美国英语词典》
,后者体现了美国英语拼写的不同特色。
<
/p>
现在,英
语在南亚也被当作外语或第二语言来说。
比如说,
印度拥有众多讲英语很流利的人,
这是因
p>
为英国于
1765
年到
1947
年统治过印度。在那期间,英语成了官方语言和
教育用语。在新加坡、马来西亚和非洲其它国家,比如南非,人们也说英语。目前在
p>
中国学习英语的人数正在迅速增长。
事实
上,
中国可能拥有世界上最多的英语学习者。
中国
英语会发展出自己的特色吗?这只能由时间来回答了。
Using
Language
标准英语和方言
< br>什么是标准英语?是在英国、美国、加拿大、澳大利亚、印度、新西兰所说的英语吗?信不
信由你,
(世界上)
没有什么标准英语。
许多人认为,
电视和收音机里所说的就是标准英语,
这是因为在早期的电台节目里,
人们期望新闻播音员所说的英语是最好的英语。
然而,
在电
视和收音机里,
你也会听出人们在说话时的差异。
当人们用不同于
“标准语言”
的词语时,
< br>那就叫做方言。
美国英语有许多方言,
特别是中西部和南
部地区的方言,
以及黑人和西班牙
人的方言。
< br>在美国有些地区,
即使是相邻城镇的两个人所说的语言都可能稍有不同。
美国英
语之所以有这么多的方言是因为美国人是来自世界各地的缘故。<
/p>
地理位置对方言的产生也
有影响。
住在美国东部山区的一些人说着比较古老的英语方言。
当美国人从一个地方搬到另
一个地方时,
他们也就
把他们的方言随着带去了。
因此,
美国东南部山区的人同美国西
北部
的人所说的方言就几乎相同。美国是一个使用多种方言的大国。虽然许多美国人经常
搬迁,
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但是他们仍然能够辨别、理解彼此的方言。
Unit3
Journey Down the Mekong
My
name is Wang Kun. Ever since middle school, my
sister Wang Wei and I have dreamed about
taking
a
great
bike
trip.
Two
years
ago
she
bought
an
expensive
mountain
bike
and
then
she
persuaded me to buy one.
Last year, she visited our cousins, Dao Wei and Yu
Hang at their college
if Kunming. They
are Dai and grew up in western Yunnan Province
near the Lancang River, the
Chinese
part of the river that is called the Mekong River
in other countries. Wang Wei soon got
time interested in cycling too. After
graduating from college, we finally got the chance
to take a
bike trip. I asked my sister,
“Where are we going?” It was my sister who first
had the idea to cycle
along the entire
Mekong River from where it begins to where it
ends. Now she is planning our
schedule
for the trip.
I
am fond of my sister but she has one serious
shortcoming. She can be
really
stubborn. Although she didn’t know the best way of
getting to places, she insisted that she
organize the trip properly. Now I know
that the proper way is always her way. I kept
asking her,
“When are we leaving and
when are we coming back?” I asked her whether she
had looked at a
map yet. Of course she
hadn’t; my sister doesn’t care about details. So I
told her that the source
of the Mekong
is in Qinghai Province. She gave me a determined
look -- the kind that said she
would
not change her mind. When I told her that our
journey would begin at an altitude of more
than 5,000 meters, she seemed to be
excited about it. When I told her the air would be
hard to
breathe
and
it
would
be
very
cold,
she
said
it
would
be
an
interesting
experience.
I
know
my
sister
well.
Once
she
has
made
up
her
mind,
nothing
can
change
it.
Finally,
I
had
to
give
in.
Several months
before our trip, Wang Wei and I went to the
library. We found a large atlas with
good maps that showed details of world
geography. From the atlas we could see that the
Mekong
River
begins
in
a
glacier
to
move
quickly.
It
becomes
rapids
as
it
passes
through
deep
valleys,
traveling across
western Yunnan Province. Sometimes the river
becomes a water fall and enters
wide
valleys. We were
both
surprised
to
learn
that
half
of
the river
is
in
China.
After
it
leaves
China
and high altitude, the Mekong becomes wide, brown
and warm. As it enters Southeast Asia,
its
pace
slows.
It
makes wide
bends
or
meanders
through
low valleys
to
the
plains
where
rice
grows.
At last, the river delta enters the South China
Sea.
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