-
busy/enjoy/avoid doing sth.
p>
忙于
/
喜欢
/
p>
允许做某事
例如:
Lin Tao is
busy making a model
plane.
林涛正忙着做飞机模型。
My mother enjoys taking a walk after
supper.
我妈妈喜欢晚饭后散步。
He managed to avoid being
punished.
他设法逃脱了惩罚。
...with...
用
......
装满
......
;
be
filled
with......
充满了
......
;
be
full
of
充满
< br>......
be filled
with
说明由外界事物造成的此种状态,表示被动。例如:
The box is filled with
food.
盒子里装满了食物。
be
full of
说明主语处于的状态,此外,还可以表示程度,意为“非常”,例如:<
/p>
The
patient
’
s room is full of
flowers.
那个病人的房间摆满了花。
The young man is full of
pride.
那个年轻人非常骄傲。
这两种结构还可以相互改写,例如:
I fill the box with
food.
=
The box is full of
food.
good/bad for
< br>有利于
/
有害于
......<
/p>
此句型是:
be
+
adj.+for+n.
结构。例如:
Doing morning exercises is good for
your health.
做早操对你的健康有益。
Always playing computer games is bad
for your study.
总玩电脑游戏对你的学习不
利
。
used
to
(doing)
sth.
p>
习惯于
......
后面必须跟动名词或者
名词,可用于现在、过去、
将来的多种时态,
be
可用
get,become
来代替。例如:
He is used to living in the
country.(He is used to the life in the
country.)
他习惯于乡村生活。
He will get used to getting up
early.
他将会习惯于早起。
注意:
be used to do
的意思是“被用来做
......
”例如:
Wood is used to make
paper.
木材被用来造纸。
..
.and...
两者都
......
用来连接两个并列成分;当连接两个并列主语时,其后谓语动词用复数。例如:
Both he and his parents agree
with the
idea.
不论他还是他父母都同意这一想法。
...as
和
......
一样
中间必须用形容词或者副词原级。例如:
This classroom is as big as that
one.
这间教室和那间一样大。
He runs as fast as
Tom.
他和汤姆跑的一样快。
否定结构:
not as/so...as,
< br>“不如
......
”,上面的两个句子可分别改为
p>
This classroom is not as/so
as large as that
one.
这间教室不如那间大。
He
doesn
’
t run as/so fast as
Tom.
他跑的不如汤姆快。
soon as
一
......
p>
就
用来引导时间状语从句。若主句是一般
将来时,从句要用一般现在时表示将来时,例如
:
I’ll tell him the plan as soon as I see
him.我一看到他就告诉他这个计划。
He
’
ll go home as
soon as he finishes his
work.
他一完成工作就回家。
’
t help doing
sth.
禁不住做某事
His
joke is too funny. We can
’
t
help laughing.
他的笑话太有趣了,我们禁不住笑
了起来。
. costs sb. some money
某物花费了某人多少钱
此句型的主语
是物。
cost
一词带的是双宾语
,<
/p>
它的过去式、过去分词和原形一样。
The book cost me five
yuan.
这本书花费了我五元钱。
...or...
不是
......
就
是
......
,或者
......<
/p>
或者
......
用来连接两个并列成分,当连接并列主语时,谓语动词与邻
近的主语保持一致。
Either she or I am
right.=Either I or she is
right.
不是她对就是我对。
(
for
sb.
)
to do sth.
足够<
/p>
......
做
......
在此结构中,
for
用来引出不定式的逻辑主语。例如:
The ice isn
’
t
thick enough for you to walk on.
这冰还没有厚到
你可以在上面可以
走的程度。
like doing sth.
想要做某事
此处
like
为介词,后面跟动词
-ing
形式,此句型与
would like to do
sth.
同义。例如:
I feel
like drinking a cup of
milk.
我想喝一杯牛奶。
/find/think it adj./n. to do
sth.
认为某事
......
在此结构中
it
为形式宾语,不定式短语做真正的宾语。
例如:
I find it
very interesting to play
football.
我认为踢足球很有趣。
ready for sth./to do
sth.
“为某事做准备”“准备做某事”
They are getting ready for the
meeting.
他们正在为会议做准备。
We were getting ready to have a
sports meeting at that moment.
他们那时正准备
p>
开运动会。
/receive a
letter from
收到
......
< br>的来信
相当于
hear
from
例如:
Did you
receive a letter from John
你收到约翰的来信了么
I
got a letter from my brother
yesterday.
我昨天收到了我弟弟的一封来信。
better (not) do sth.
最好(别)做某事
had
better
为情态动词,其后需要动词原形。
had
better
常用缩写,变成’
d better,
其否定形式是在其后直接加
not
。例如:
We had better go
now.=We
’
d better go
now.
我们最好现在走吧。
You
’
d better not
go out because it is
windy.
今天刮风,你最好别出去了。
sth. done
使(某事)完成(动作由别人完成)
We had the machine
repaired.
我们请人把机器修好了。
sb.(to)do sth./with sth.
帮助某
事
(
做
)
某事
(
to
可
以省略)例如:
I often help my
mother with
housework.
我常常帮助妈妈做家务。
Would you please help me (to)look up
these words
请你帮助我查查这些词好么
do you like...=What do you think of...
你认为
......
怎么样
How do you like the weather in
Beijing
你认为北京的天气怎么样
20.I don
’
t think/
believe/that...
我认为
/
相信
......
不
......
其中
not
是对宾语
< br>从句进行否定而不是对主句否定(否定前移)。例如:
I don
’
t think it will
rain.
我认为天不会下雨。
I don
’
t believe the girl
will come.
我相信那女孩不会来了。
happens that...
碰巧
......
相当于
happen to do
例如:
It happened
that I heard their seceret.=I happened to hear
their secret.
我碰
巧听到了他们的秘密。
’
s/has <
/p>
been+
一段时间
+since
从句
“自从某时起做某事已经一段时间了”
该句型
中
since
引导的时间状语
从句常用一般过去时。例如
:
It
’
s twenty years since he
came here.
他来这儿已经
20
年了。
It has been six years
since he maried
Mary.
他和玛丽结婚已经六年了。
is +adj./n.+for sb. to do sth.
< br>做某事对某人来说
......
it
是形式主语真正的主语是不定式
to do sth.
例如:
It
’
s not easy for
us to study English
well.
对我们来说学好英语并不容易。
is +adj./n.+of sb. to do sth.
“做某事某人真
......
”
it
是形式主语,
to
do
sth.
真正的主语,当表语(
即形容词)能对逻辑主语描述时,常用
介词
of
而不用
for
,表示某人具有某种性格、品质,例如:
It
’
s
very polite of you to give your seat to old people
.
你给老人让座,非常有
礼貌。
seems/appears (to sb.)that...(
< br>在某人看来
)
好像
......
此句中
i
t
是主语,
that
引导的是表语从句
。例如:
It seems that he is
lying.
看样子他好像是在撒谎。
is
+
数
词
+meters/kilometers
long/wide
...
“
p>
......
是多少米(公里)长(宽)”
用来表示物体的长(宽、高),如数词大于一,名词要用复数,例如:
< br>
It is 20meters long from this end
to that end.
从这端到那端有
20
米长。
’
s time for sb.
to do sth.
是某人干某事的时候了
It
是形式主语,
to do
sth.
真正的主语,例如:
It
’
s time for the
child to go to bed.
孩子该睡觉了。
takes sb. some time to do
sth.
做某事花费了某人多长时间
it
是形式主语,
to do
sth.
真正的主语
例如:
It took the
old man three days to finish the work.
那
个老人花了三天时间完成这
项工作。
(
on
)
do
ing sth.
一直坚持做某事
keep doing sth.
一般用于静态动词,
keep
on doing sth.
“继续不停做某事”一般用于
动态
动词,但二者的区别并不是很严格,有时可以互换。例如:
Don
’
t keep on
doing such foolish
things.
不要再做这样的傻事了。
He kept sitting there all
day.
他整天坐在那里。
...from doing sth.
阻止
< br>......
做某事
相当于
stop...from
doing
sth.
prevent...from
doing
sth.
在主动句中,
stop
和
prevent
后面的
from<
/p>
可以省略,但在被动结构中
from
不可
以省略。例如:
Please keep the
children from swimming in the
sea.
请别让孩子到海里游泳。
sb. doing
sth.
让某人一直做某事,不可与
keep sb.
from doing
sth.
结构混淆,
例如:
Why do you keep me waiting for a long
time
你为什么让我等了很长时间
sb. do sth.
使某人做某事
make
译为“使”时,其后要有不带
to
的动词不定式
,
例如:
He made me work ten hours a da
y.
他让我每天工作
10
小时。
注意:上句改成被动语态,则
work
前的
to
不能省
略,例如:
I was made to work ten
hours a day.
r...nor...
既不
......
也不
.
.....
当连接两个并列主语时
,谓语动词与邻近的主语保持一致(就近原则),例如:
Neither we or Jack knows
him.
我们和杰克都不认识他。
He neither knows nor cares what
happened.
他对发生的事情不管不问。
...until...
直到
......
才
......
u
ntil
后跟名词或者从句,表示时间
,
例如:
He
didn
’
t come until late in
the evening.
他知道晚上很迟才来。
He didn
’
t arrive
until the game
began.
知道比赛开始他才来。
35. money for
sth.
某人花钱买某物
此句型主语是人
例如:
I
’
ve already paid 2,000 yuan
for the motor bike.
我已经花了
2000
元买这辆摩托
车。
time/money on sth./(in)doing sth.
花费(时间、金钱)在某事上
/
做某事
其中
in
可以省略,通常主语是人。例如:
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
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