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年春人教新目标英语八年级下册
知识点归纳总结
Unit 1.
what’s the matter?
Section A
1. What’ s the matter?
怎么啦？出什么事情了？
(1)matter n.
问题；事情
What’ s the matter with
you?= What’s the trouble with you? = What’ s wrong
with you?
你怎么了？
matter
和
trouble
为名词，其前可加
the
或形容词性物主代
词，
wrong
是
adj.
不能加
the
用于询问某人有什么病或某人遇到什么麻烦、问题其后跟询问对象时，与介词
wit
h
连用
What’s the matter with sb? = What’s
your trouble?= What’s up? = What happens to
sb.?
(2)matter v
要紧，有关系
用于否定句或疑问句中
It doesn’t matter.
没关系
（用来回答别人道歉时的用语）
Does it matter
if I’m a little late?
(3) as a matter of fact= in fact
事实上
,
实际上
---feet
脚
<
复
>
tooth---teeth
牙齿
<
复
>
a/an +
疾病名词
患
……
病
(cold/fever/cough)
have
a
cold =catch
a
cold
感冒
have
a
fever
发烧
have
a
sore
throat
喉咙疼
have
a
sore
back
背疼
have a
stomachache
胃痛
have a
toothache
牙痛
have a headache
头痛
have a backache
背痛
have a earache
耳朵痛
4. back n
背；背部
at
the back of......
在
......
的后面
adv
回原处
往回去
go/come back
返回
give back
归还
5. hand
n
手
hand in hand
手拉手
v
交给；传递
hand in
上交
hand on
依次传递
hand out
分发
much
+
不可数名词
太多的
…
修饰动词，放在动词之后
Watching
TV
too
much
is
bad
for
your
eyes.
much
too
+
形
/
副
实在太
…
极其，非常
too
many
+
可数名词复数
太多的
…
(1) adj.
足够的，充分的
修饰名词时，可放在名词之前或之后
enough time
(2) adv.
足够地，
十分，相当
修饰
ad
j./adv,
放在
adj./adv
后
expensive enough
(3) be +adj. +enough to do
sth
be strong enough to
carry the box.
prep
(1)
具有，
带有
,
表示某物带有或具有某种特征
（反）
without
hot tea with honey
加蜜的热茶
tea with sugar
加糖的茶
coffee with sugar
加糖的咖啡
China is a country with a
long history.
She is a girl with long hair.
(2)prep.
和
......
一起
talk with sb
I like to talk
freely with my friends.
(3)prep
用
......
，
使用某种工具
Cut it with a
knife.
Write with a pen
(4)
状语
He came in with a big
smile.
9. What should she
do?
她该怎么办呢？
Should I take my
temperature?
我应该量一下体温吗？
should
应该
情态动词，后跟动词原形，表示责任和义务
should not =shouldn’t
不应该
主语
+ should/ shouldn’t +
动词原形
. ..
take one’s temperature
量体温
10.
need v
需要
用于肯定句是实义动词
need
情态动词，仅用于否定结构
和疑问句或
if/whether
引导的宾语从句
态动词
(1)
need sth
需要某物
I
need your help.
(2)
人做主语
sb need to do sth
某人需要做某事
Do you need to drink more
water?
(3)
物做主语
sth need
doing sth = sth need to be done
表被动
(4) needn’t = don’t have to
没有必要
must, need
引导的疑问句肯定回答用
Must I hand it
in today?No. you ____ .You can do it tomorrow.
A. mustn't
B.
can't
C.
needn't
Must I finish my homework now? No, you
______. You can go home now.
A.
needn’t
B. mustn’t
C. shouldn’t
D. can’t
Must I start now?No, you_______
A.
mustn't
B. can't
C. needn't
Need I go to
school?--
Yes, you must.
No, you needn’t.
11.I think I sat in the
same way for too long
without moving.
我想我以同样的姿势一动不动地坐得太久了。
without doing sth.
没有做某事、没做某事
I
let the day away without doing anything at all.
我一点事也没干就让一天过去了。
The
storm passed off without doing much
damage.
暴风雨过去了，没有造成多大灾害。
12. lie/lai/v. (lay/lei/ )
躺
；平躺
lie → lay → lain
v
躺
卧
(
现在分词
lying ).
lie
→ l
ied
→ l
ied
v
撒谎
(
现在分词
lying ).
lay→ l
aid
→l
aid
v
下蛋，产卵
(
现在分词
laying ).
lie
down
躺下
lie down and rest
躺下休息
13. neck
n.
颈；脖子
neck and
neck
不分上下，势均力敌
hurt
v.
使痛
；受伤
表示肉体感到疼痛或不适，使用时应用疼痛的具体部位作主语。
My
leg hurts.
14. see
（
saw ,
seen
）
v
看见
see sb. do sth
看见某人做某事
（看到动作发生的全
过程或经常看到动作发生，
强调整个过程
）
see sb. doing sth
看见某人正在做某事
（强调动作正在发生）
15. along/ down
相同点：
prep
顺着；沿着
不同点：
along
强调顺着水平方向
down
指
“
沿着
……
下坡或者往南走
16. get
on--get off
上下大型交通工具（
bus,
train, plane
）
get
into
—
get out of
进入
/
出来
小型交通工具（
car,
taxi,lift
）
get
up
起床
get back
回来；取回
get
over
克服；度过
get
on
／
along well with
与
……
相处融洽
get in a
word
插话
get
to
到达
17.
have to
客观需要
don’t have to
不需要
must
主观必要
mustn’t
不准，禁止
have
to
多种时态，有单三
18.
surprise
(1)
v
使吃惊
→surprising
adj.
令人吃惊的
→surprised
adj.
吃惊的
surprise sb
使某人吃惊
The bad
news surprised me.
be surprised at
对
……
感到吃惊
be
surprised to do sth
做某事而感到惊讶
be
surprised + that
从句
因
...
而惊讶
(2) n
惊讶
to one’s surprise
使某人吃惊的是
in
surprise
吃惊地
to
one’s
joy/disappointment/satisfacation
19.
agree v→
(
反
)disagree
–
agreement
n
同意
(1) agree
with sb.
同意某人
I
agree with you.
(2)
agree to do sth
同意做某事
(3) agree on sth
20. thanks to
多亏；由于
(1)thanks t
o
习语介词，
thanks
不可改为<
/p>
thank you
，
to
后也不接动词原形，
to
表示感谢的对象
(2)thanks for
因
……
而感谢，
for
强调为何而感谢，其后可接名词或
v-ing
(3) Thanks=thank you
21.
on time
准时
in time
及时
on time=at exactly the
right time.
准时
（在规定的时间之内）
强调与某个时刻一致
in time = with enough time
to spare/ not late
及时（恰在时间点上）表示动作在规定时间内或比规定时间
提前发生
at times=sometimes
有时
have a good time
玩得高兴
have time =be free
有空
all the time
一直
at
the same time
同时
by
the time
到
……
时候
for
the first time
第一次
It’s time to do
sth =It’s time for sth
是该做某事的时间了
It
takes sb. some time to do sth
做某事花费某人多长时间
s
at
once “
立刻；马上
”
；
on time“
按时
”
；
by accident“
偶然
”
；
at
present“
目前
;
现在
”
。
e/'tr
?
bl/n
.
问题；苦恼
get into
trouble
造成麻烦（或烦恼）
be in trouble
处于困境中
have trouble
(in) doing sth
做某事有困难
That is a monkey on his
back
. Let’s help him.
C
沉重负担
A. He has a monkey
B. He likes playing with
the monky
C. He is in
trouble
D. He is good at studying
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