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冰山理论
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中英
Iceberg Principle
The iceberg principle is a writing
theory stated by a
famous American
writer, Ernest Hemingway, as
follows:
If a writer of prose knows enough about what
he is writing about he may omit things
that will have a
feeling of those
things as strongly as though the writer
had stated them. The dignity of
movement of an
iceberg is due to only
one-eighth of it being above water.
A
good writer does not need to reveal every detail
of a
character or action.
（<
/p>
冰山原则是一个写作理论由一位
著名的美国作家
< br>,
海明威
,
如下
:
如果一个作家的散文足
够了解他写他可能忽略的事情
,
会有一种感觉的事情虽
然作者说他们
一样强烈。
冰山运动的尊严在于只有八分
之一露出水面。
一个好的作家不需要显示一个字符或动
作的每个细节
< br>）
Now this principle has
been applied in various fields.
We
could regard the small part which can be easily
noticed as the 1/8 of an iceberg, and
the part can’t be
easily noticed as the
part under the
surface. What can’t
be seen is the most important, because
it’s the base of
an iceberg, what it to
the part above water is what the
root
of a tree to the trunk. We may admire a famous
person very much because of
his wealth and fame, but
how many
people know the struggle and sufferings
behind it? Are they dispensable? We can
use the model
of “iceberg principle”.
His wealth and fame is the small
part
we can see, and his sufferings and struggle is the
part under water, without it, the
person wouldn’t have
acquired the fame
and wealth he owns today.
（
现在
这一
原则已经应用于各个领域。
我们可以把这一部分很容易
注意到冰山的
1/8,
和部分不容易注意到
的部分表面。什
么不可以被认为是最重要的
,
< br>因为它是一座冰山的基础
,
它上面的部分水是什么根树的
主干。
我们可以欣赏一个
非常著名的人因为他的财富和名声
,
但是有多少人知道
它背后的挣扎和痛苦吗
?
他们是可有可无的吗
?
我们可
以用
“
冰山原则
”
的模型。
他的财富和名声是我们可以看<
/p>
到的一小部分
,
和他的苦难和斗争是在水
下的部分
,
没有
它
,
就不会获得名誉和财富的人他今天
拥有。）
This
principle
also
could
be
used
in
teaching.
The
amount of material that
teachers could present to their
students
is
a
small
portion
of
the
sum
total
of
knowledge and skills that
they possess. Like an iceberg,
the
level
of
expertise
that
is
visible
to
the
public
is
dependent
upon
a
larger
body
of
knowledge
that
is