-
情态动词
must, can,
could, may, might
表推测的用法
情态动词中的
must, can, could, may,
might
都表推测。
其中
must<
/p>
的可能性最大,
can /
could
次之,
may /
might
最小。具体用法如下:
的用法
(<
/p>
1
)表示推测“可能性”时,意思是“一定、准是”
,语气较肯定,较有把握。
He must be
American. = It is certain that he is American.
他准是个美国人。
(
2
)
must
表推测只能用于
肯定句。如果要表示“一定不、肯定不”的意思时,应用
can
’
t,
如询问某种可能时,应用
can
。
He must know my
address.
他肯定知道我的地址。
(一定)
He
can
’
t know my address.
他肯定不知道我的地址。
(一定不)
Can he know my address?
他知道我的地址吗?(询问可能性)
(
3
)
must
表示推测时,可以推测现在
/
正在发生的动作
/
过去发生的动作。
He
must have a car now.
(现在)他一定有辆小汽车。
He
must be doing his exercises in the
classroom.
(正在进行)他一定在教室里做练习。
He must have finished the
work.
(过去发生)他一定已完成了工作。
注:
must
表示推测时很少用于将来的情况。
p>
一般不用
He must come
tomorrow.
可用
It`s certain
/ I
’
m sure that
he will come tomorrow.
(
4
)在反意疑问句中,当附属部分含有表示推测意义的
must
时,疑问部分的助动词应与
must
后面的动词
在非推测情况下的用法保持一致。
He must be a worker,
isn
’
t he?
(现在)他准时个工人,是吗?
It
must have rained last night,
didn
’
t it?
(过去)昨晚一定下雨了,是不是?
You must have learned English for many
years, haven
’
t you?
< br>(
完成时)
你一定学了好多年英语,
是吗?
2.?can /
could
的用法
(
1
)
can
表示推测“可能性
”时,往往用于否定句或疑问句。
Can
’
t
“一定不”
,语气很肯定。
ca
n
在疑问句中意思是“会、可能”
。
He can
’
t be at
home. = It is impossible that he is at home.
他一定不在家。
(
2
)
can
/can
’
t
后可接进行时
/
完成时,表示对现在发生的动作或过去发生的动作进行推测。
They can
’
t
be reading in the library.
他们一定不在图书馆读书。
He
can’t have gone to Shanghai for I saw him a minute
ago
.
他不可能去了上海,我刚才还看见他。
It
’
s so late.
Where can she have gone?
天晚了,她可能去哪儿了呢?
(
p>
3
)在反意疑问句中,当陈述部分含有表示推测意义的
can
’
t
时,疑问部分的
助动词应与
can
’
t
后面的动词在非推测情况下的用法保持一致
.
He
can
’
t be a teacher, is he?
他不是教师,是吗?
She
can’t have finished her homework, has she?
她一定没有完成家庭作业,是不是?
(
4
)
cou
ld
可用于表示某事有可能发生或可能是事实。
Don
’
t eat it. It
could be poisonous.
不要吃它,可能有毒。
The
plane could be delayed by fog.
飞机可能会因为雾晚点。
(
5
)
p>
could
还可以用于表示客气、委婉、礼貌的请求语气。
Excuse me, could you tell me
the way to the bus station?
Could you help me?
< br>(
6
)
couldn
’
t
表示否定推测,表示某事不可能真实,或由于
特定事实或环境某事肯定不会
发生。
It couldn
’
t
possibly be poison.
这不可能是毒药。
注:有时与形容词的比较级连用强调某人或某物不可能再更多地具有某种属性。
You
couldn
’
t be more wrong.
你真是大错特错。
I
couldn
’
t be happier.
我简直是幸福极了。
3. may<
/p>
和
might
的用法
(
1
)
may, might
表示推测“可能性”时,意思是“可能”
、
“也许”
,语气没有
must
肯定。
He may / might be American. = It is
possible that he is American.
他可能是个美国人。
注:
might
不表示过去时态,只是语气上比
may
更委婉,表示的可能性更小。
(
p>
2
)
may, might
表推测时,可以用于否定句,意思是“可能不、
也许不”
,
但不用于疑问句。
He may
/ might not be at home.
他也许不在家。
(
< br>3
)
may,
might
可以推测现在正在发生的动作或过去发生的动作。
He may / might be sleeping now.
(现在)他可能正在睡觉。
The
boy may / might not be watching TV at home.
(现在)
这个男孩可能没在家看电视
These students may / might have seen
the film before.
(过去)
这些学生以前可能看过这部电影。
(
4
)
may,
might
还可以推测将来的情况。
I think we should take raincoat with
us, it may rain.
我想我们应该带上雨衣,可能要下雨了。
She might not come this afternoon.
她今天下午可能不来
一、单项选择
1 John___
come to see us tonight, but he isn't very sure
yet.
A. may
B.
need
C.
can
’
t
D. must
2 John
isn
’
t in the classroom. He
play soccer on
the playground with Bob.
A. can
B. must
C. should
D.
can
’
t
3 -Will you
go to the cinema with us?
-No, I
rather read a magazine at home.
A.
should
B. might
C. would
D. had better
4 You___ go and see a doctor at once
because you got a fever.
A. can
B. must
C. dare
D. would
5 -Can
you speak Japanese? -No, I____.
A.
mustn't
B. can't
C. needn't
D.
may not
6 -He___ be in the
classroom, I think.
-No, he
___ be in the classroom. I saw him go home a
minute ago.
A.
can; may not
B. must; may not
C.
may; can't
D. may;
mustn't
7 -Is Lena swimming in the pool?
-No, she
swim. She is terrified of water.
A. may not
B. must not
C.
can't
D. needn't
8 He
isn't at school. I think he ___ be ill.
A. can
B. shall
C.
must
D. might
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