-
情态动词
+have
done
用法及练习
1.
must have done
表示对过去或已经发生的行为或状态进行确有把握的推测，
意为“肯定做了某事
”
；只能用在陈述句的肯定句中。
It must have rained last night, for the
road is wet.
The lights
were out. They must have been
asleep.
2.
can’t/couldn’t
have done sth.
表示对过去或已经发生的行为或状态进行确有把的推
意为“不可能做了某事
”
；只能用在陈述句的否定句中。
He was with me last night. He can’t/
couldn’t have gone to the theatre.
I saw Mr. Wang just now. He couldn’t
have gone to Beijing.
Can/Could …have done
sth?
表示对过去或已经发生的行为或状态的怀疑
.
意为“可能已经
…
吗？”
。用在疑问句中。
He didn’t attend
his sister’s birthd
ay party. Can/Could
he have forgotten it?
3
.could have done
sth.
用于陈述句的肯定句中时是虚拟语气，表示没有实现的可能性，
意为“本来可以做，可能已经做”
。
有
一种对过去为付诸实施的事情的惋惜。用于肯定句中
You
could have done better, but you were too careless.
4
.ma
y/might
（
not
）
have done sth
表示对过去或已经发生的行为或状态进行推测
意为“可能
(
没有
)
做了某事
；只能用在陈述句的肯定和否定句中。
It’s too late. I think he may have gone
to bed. He might not have finished the work.
5.
Should/ought to have done
sth
表示“本应该做
…”
而实际上没做
Should/ought
not to have done sth.
表示“本不应该做”而实际上做了
You should have come to the meeting
earlier. You ought to have done this exercise .
You shouldn’t have told her the truth.
He ought not to have treated his parents like
that.
6
.
needn’t have
done sth.
表示做了“本来不必做的事
didn’t need to do
表示“没有必要做而实际上也没有做的事“
You needn’t have taken a taxi here, for
it was very
near to my house.
I didn’t need to clean the
windows. My brother did it.
7.
had better
have done sth.
用于事后的建议，
含轻微的责备的口吻，
意为“当时最
好
做了某事
“，
其否定形式
had better not have
done sth
表达相反的含义。
You had better have started earlier.
You had better not have scolded her.
8.
would rather
have done sth
表示
“当时宁愿做了某事”
其否定形式
would rather not have
done sth
表示相反的含义，
两者都表示“后悔的意思
I
would rather have taken his advice.
I raised objections at the meeting, but
now I would rather not have done that.
1
1. We ____ last night, but
we went to the concert instead
A.
must
have
studied
B.
might
study
C.
should
have
studied
D.
would study
2.
–
Why does
Alice know so much about Angkor Wat?
-- She ____ have
been there.
A. must
B.
oughtn’t to
C. may
D. can’t
3.
–
Tom came to work last
Friday, but no one has seen him since.
-- ___ he have
had an accident?
A. Should
B. Must
C. Might
D.
Could
4.
–
What’s the
matter with you?
--
Oh,
I’m
not
feeling
well
in
the
stomach.
I
___
so
much
fried
fish
just
now.
A. shouldn’t eat
B. mustn’t have eaten
C. shouldn’t have eaten
D.
mustn’t eat
5.
–
Mom’s gift? She
__ have chosen a better one for me.
–
She __ be very
happy to know it.
A.
should
;
must
B.
might
;
wouldn’t
C.
couldn’t
;
must
D.
mustn’t
can’t
6. -- ____ he have
been chosen as captain of the football team?
-- Yes, he
____.
A. May must have
B. Must must
have
C. Can; must
D. Must;
must
2
7.
–
Look, John’s fallen asleep.
–
Oh, he __ too
late last night.
A.
might
sit
up
B.
should
have
sat
up
C.
could
sit
up
D.
must
have sat up
8
. Don’t be so anxious about
that.
Helen ____ a note.
A. may leave
B. should leave
C. might have
left
D. can
have left
9. Why didn’t you
make me a telephone call yesterday?
--Sorry, I ____ , but
I was
too busy.
A. ought to
B. ought to have
C. might have
D.
should have done
10.
–
Mum, I climbed to get the
Teddy Bear from the top of the shelf.
-- My goodness!
Y
ou ___ yourself. You ___ do that next
time.
A. must have hurt mustn’t
B. should have hurt; can’t
C
.
may have hurt mustn’t
D.
might have hurt won’t be able to
11. -- ___ the plane have taken off on
time?
--
I’m
afraid not. The fog was
too thick then
A.
Would
B. Should
C.
Must
D. Can
12.
–
Has Mike started? He said he would join in the
party.
-- He ___ . He is a man of
keeping his word.
A.
could have gone
B.
must have gone
C. can’t come
D. won’t be
coming
13. Why
didn’t you tell me yesterday that you could lend
me some money?
I___
mo
ney
from
the
bank.
A.
needn’t
borrow
B.
can’t
have
borrowed
3