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高一英语语法
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情态动词讲练一、情态动词表推
测
1.
肯定的推测一般用
must, should, may
（
might
）
或<
/p>
could
（不用
can
），其中，
must
的语气最强，译为
“
肯定
”
、
< br>“
准
是
”
、
“
想必是
”
；
should
的语气次之，译为
“
很可能
”
、
“
应该
”
，指按常理推测；
may
（
might
），<
/p>
could
的语气最弱，
译为
“
也许
”
、
“
可能
”
。
①
Helen _______ go on
the trip with us but she isn’t quite sure yet.
（
2005
年安徽卷）
A. shall
B. must
C. may
D. can
②
—I’ve taken someone else’s
green sweater by mistake.
—It ___ Harry’s. He always wears green.
（
2005
年广东卷）
A. has to be
B.
will be
C. mustn’t be
D. could be
③
I
have lost one of my gloves. I _______ it somewhere
.
（
2005
年北京春季卷）
A. must drop
B. must have dropped
C. must
be dropping
D. must have been
dropped
④
If I ____ plan to
do anything I wanted to ,I’d like to go to Tibet
and travel through as much of it as possible.
（
2005
年湖北卷）
A. would
B. could
C. had to
D. ought to
2.
否定推测分为两种情况：
1
）语气不很肯定时，常用
may
not, might not
或
could not
，译为
“
可能不
”
、
“
也许不
”
。
You
might
just
as
well
tell
the
manufacturer
that
male
customers
______
not
like
the
design
of
the
furniture.
（<
/p>
2004
年上海春季卷）
A. must
B. shall
C. may
D. need
2
）否定语气较强时，则用
can’t
，译为
“
根本不可能
”
、
“
想必不会
”
，表示惊异、怀疑的感情色彩。
①
—Do you know where David
is? I couldn’t find him anywhere.
—
Well. He ______ have gone
far
——his coat’s still here.
（
2005
年湖北卷）
A. shouldn’t
B. mus
tn’t
C. can’t
D. wouldn’t
②
—
Isn’t that Ann’s husband over
there?
—
No, it _______ be him I’m sure he
doesn’t wear glasses.
（
2004<
/p>
年全国卷Ⅰ）
A.
can’t
B. must not
C. won’t
D.
may not
3.
疑问句中的推测，往往用
can
或
could
。
Mr. Bush is on time for
everything. How ______ it be that he was late for
the opening ceremony
？（
2001
年上海
春季卷）
A. can
B. should
C. may
D. must
4.
对已发生事情的肯定推测常用
“must, may, mig
ht
等
+
完成式
”
；
否定推测常用
“can,
could, may, might
等
+
完成式
”
。
①
I was on the highway when
this car went past followed by a police car. They
_______ at least 150 kilometers an
hour
.
（
2005
年重庆卷）
A. should have been doing
B. must have been doing
C.
could have done
D.
would have done
②
He _______
have completed his wor
k; otherwise, he
wouldn’t be enjoying himself by seaside.
（
2005
年北京卷）
A. should
B. must
C. wouldn’t
D.
can’t
③
—
Tom is never
late for work. Why is be absent today?
—
Something ________ to him.
（
2005
年江西卷）
A. must happen
B. should have happened
C.
could have happened
D. must
have happened
④
My sister met him at the Grand Theatre
yesterday afternoon, so he_____ have attended your
lecture.
（
2000
年上海卷
）
A. couldn’t
B. needn’t
C.
mustn’t
D.
shouldn’t
二、
“
情态动词
+
完成式
”<
/p>
1.
“should
（
ought to
）
+
完成式
”
表
示本应该做某事而实际上没有做。其否定式表示某种行为不该发生但却发生了。
①
—I’ll tell Mary about her
new job tomorrow.
—
You________ her last week.
（
2004
年福建卷）
A
．
ought to tell
B
．
would have told
C
．
must tell
D
．
should have told
②
Oh, I’m not feeling well in
the stomach, I _____ so much fried chicken just
now.
（
2002
年上海春季卷）
A. shouldn’t eat
B. mustn’t have eaten
C. shouldn’t have eaten
D. mustn’t eat
2.
“could+
完成式
”
表示本来能够
做成某事的但结果没能做成，含有遗憾的意味。
He
paid for a seat, when he ______ have entered free.
（
2005
年山东卷）
A. could
B.
would
C. must
D. need
3. “needn’t+
< br>不定式的完成式
”
表示本来不必做某事而实际上做了某事
。例如：
You needn’t have
watered the flowers, for it is going to
rain.
你本不需要浇花的，因为天就要下雨了。
—
Catherine, I have cleaned
the room for you.
—
Thanks.
You ______ it. I could manage it myself.
（
2005
年福建卷）
A. needn’t do
B.
needn’t have done
C.
mustn’t do
D. shouldn’t
have done
三、常见的情态动词
1. shal
l
用于一、三人称疑问句表示征求对方意见；用于二、三人称陈述句表示说话人给对方的
命令、警告、允诺或
威胁等。
①
“The interes
t
be divided into five parts, according
to the agreement made by both
sides
，
” declared the
judge.
（
2004
年重庆卷）
A. may
B. should
C. must
D. shall
②
—
Excuse me, but
I want to use your computer to type a report.
—
You ______ h
ave
my computer if you don’t take care of it.
< br>（
2004
年湖南卷）
A. shan’t
B. might not
C.
needn’t
D.
shouldn’t
③
—
The room is so dirty.
______ we clean it?
—
Of
course.
（
2003
年北京春
季卷）
A. Will
B. Shall
C.
Would
D. Do
2.
must
用于疑问句，表示责备、抱怨的感情色彩，意思为
“
偏偏，偏要
”
；
mustn’t
表示禁止，是说话人强有力的劝
告。
①
John, look at
the time. _______ you play the piano at such a
late hour
？
（
2005
年全国卷Ⅲ）
A. Must
B. Can
C. May
D.
Need
②
Tom, you
leave all your clothes on the floor
like this
！
(2005
年全
国Ⅰ）