-
是过去分词，
having been done
是现在分词完成时的被
动语态。两个都可以表示
“
完成＋被动。<
/p>
”
但作状语时，
having
been
done
表示该动作发生在
主句动作之前；而
done
则不强调
这
层含义
；
Having been criticized by the teacher,
Li Ming gave up smoking.
Not having been invited, he felt very
unhappy.
（分词完成式的被动语态
(
having
been
done)
强调分词动作先于
谓语动词
）
Killed, she
couldn't stop her blood from going chilled.
Seen from the hill, the
city looks magnificent.
（
过去分词也表示被动，但没有强调动作先后的含义
）
2.
done
可作定语而
having been
done
一般不作定语。
The
concert
given
by
the
symphony
orchesta
was
a
great
success.
They are problems left over by history.
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