-
一、建筑结构
永久荷载:
permanent load
可变荷载:
variable load
偶然荷载:
accidental load
荷载代表值:
representative values
of a load
设计基准期:
design
reference period
标准值:
characteristic
value/nominal value
组合值:
combination value
频遇值:
frequent value
准永久值:
quasi-permanent value
荷载设计值:
design value of a load
荷载效应:
load effect
荷载组合:
load combination
基本组合:
fundamental combination
偶然组合:
accidental combination
标准组合:
characteristic/nominal
combination
频遇组合:
frequent
combinations
准永久组合:
quasi-
permanent combination
等效均布荷载:
equivalent uniform
live load
从属面积:
tributary
area
动力系数:
dynamic
coefficient
基本雪压:
reference
snow pressure
基本风压:
reference
wind pressure
地面粗糙度:
terrain
roughness
混凝土结构:
concrete
structure
现浇结构:
cast-in-situ
concrete structure
装配式结构:
prefabricated concrete
structure
缺陷:
defect
严重缺陷:
serious defect
一般缺陷:
common defect
施工缝:
construction joint
结构性能检验:
inspection of
structural performance
锚具:
anchorage
夹具:
grip
连接器:
coupler
预应力钢材:
prestressing steel
预应力筋:
prestressing tendon
预应力筋
-
锚具组装件:
prestressing tendon-anchorage assembly
预应力筋
-
夹具组装件:
pres
tressing tendon-grip assembly
预应力筋
-
连接器具组装件:
prestressing
tendon-coupler assembly
内缩:
draw-in
预应力筋
p>
-
锚具组装件的实测极限拉力:
ultim
ate
tensile
force
of
tendon-anchorage assembly
预应力筋
-
夹具组装件的实测极限拉力
:
ultimate
tensile
force
of
tendon-
grip assembly
受力长度:
tension
length
预应力筋的效率系数:
efficiency
factor og prestressing tendon
二、钢结构
零件:
part
部件:
component
构件:
element
小拼单元:
the smallest assembled
rigid unit
中拼单元:
intermediate
assembled structure
高强度螺栓连接副:
set of high
strength bolt
抗滑移系数:
slip
coefficent of faying surface
预拼装:
test assembling
空间刚度单元:
space rigid unit
焊钉(栓钉)焊接:
stud welding
环境温度:
ambient temperature
钢结构防火涂料:
fire resistive
coating for steel struture
三、抗震
地震震级:
earthquake magnitude
地震面波:
surface wave
质点运动:
particle motion
地动位移:
displacement of ground
motion
质点运动速度:
velocity of
particle motion
震中距:
epicentral distance
量规函数:
calibration function
地震烈度:
seismic intensity
抗震设防烈度:
seismic fortification
intensity
抗震设防标准:
seismic
fortification criterion
地震作用:
earthquake action
设计地震动参数:
design parameters of
ground motion
设计基本地震加速度:
design basic
acceleration of ground motion
设计特征周期:
design characteristic
perild of guound motion
场地:
site
建筑抗震概念设计:
seismic concept
design of buildings
抗震措施:
seismic fortification
measures
抗震构造措施:
details of
seismic design
工程抗震:
earthquake engineering
工程抗震决策:
earthquake
engineering decision
抗震对策:
earthquake protective
counter-measure
抗震措施:
earthquake protective
counter
抗震设防:
earthquake
fortification
搞震设防标准:
earthquake
fortification level
抗震设防区
:
earthquake fortification zone
抗震设防区划:
earthquake
fortification zoning
基本烈度:
basic intensity
多遇地震烈度:
intensity of
frequently occurred earthquake
罕遇地震烈度:
intensity of seldomly
occurred
设计地震震动:
design
ground motion
人工地震震动:
artificial ground
motion
极限安全地震震动:
ultimate-
safe guound motion
运动安全地震震动:
operation-safe
ground
环境振动:
ambient
vibration;microtremer
卓越周期:
predominant period
结构抗震性能:
earthquake resistant
behavior of structure
结构延性:
ductility of structure
抗震鉴定:
seismic evaluation for
engineering
抗震加固:
seismic
strengthening for engineer-ing
结构体系加固:
structural system
strengthening
构件加固:
structural member
strengthening
生命线工程:
lifeling
engineering
工程地震学:
engineering seismology
地震:
earthquake
板内地震:
intraplate earthquake
板间地震:
interplate earthquake
人工诱发地震:
artificially induced
earthquake
爆破诱发地震:
explosion
induced earthquake
水库诱发地震:
reservoir induced
earthquake
矿山陷落地震:
mine
depression earthquake
地震波:
seismic wave
地震震级:
earthquake magnitude
里氏震级:
Richter’s
magnitude
活断裂:
active fracture
断裂活动段:
fracturing segment
地表断裂:
surface fuacture
断裂距:
fracture distance
震源:
earthquake
focus;hypocenter
震源深度:
focal
depth
浅源地震:
shallow-focus
earthquake
深源地震:
deep-focus
earthquake
震中:
earthquake
epicenter
仪器震中:
instrumental
epicenter
现场震中:
field
epicenter
震中距:
epicentral
distance
地震烈度:
earthquake
intensity
烈度分布:
intensity
distribution
烈度异常:
abnormal
intensity
烈度异常区:
intensity
abnormal rigion
等震线:
isoseismal;isoseism
等震线图:
isoseismal map
极震区:
meizoseismal srea
有感面积:
felt area;area of
perceptivity
地震烈度表:
earthquake intensity
scale
地震预报:
earthquake
prediction
地震危险性:
seismic
hazard
潜在震源:
potential source
点源:
point source
线源:
linear source
面源:
areal source
本底地震:
background earthquake
地震发生概率:
earthquake occurrence
probability
地震活动性:
seismicity
地震重现期:
earthquake return
period
年平均发生率:
amerage annual
occurrence rate
超越概率:
exceedance probability
地震震动参数:
ground motion
parameter
地震震动衰减规律:
attenuation law of
ground motion
烈度衰减规律:
intensity attenuation
地震能量耗散:
seismic energy
dissipation
地震能量吸收:
seismic
energy absorption
地震区划:
seismic zonation
中国地震烈度区划图:
Chinese seismic
intensity zoning map
地震小区划
:seismic microzoning
结构动态特性:
dynamic properties of
structure
自由振动:
free
vibration
自振周期:
matural
perild of vibration
基本周期:
fundamental period
振型:
vibration mode
基本振型:
fundamental mode
高阶振型:
high order mode
共振:
resonance
振幅:
amplitude of vibration
阻尼振动:
damping vibration
阻尼:
damping
临界阻尼:
critical damping
阻尼比:
damping ratio
耗能系数:
energy dissipation
coefficient
自由度:
degree of
freedom
单自由度体系:
single-degree
of freedom system
多自由度体系:
multi-degree of
freedom system
集中质量:
lumped
mass
地震反应:
earthquake
response
随机地震反应:
random
earthquake response
结构
—
液体耦联振动:
structure-liquid coupling
vibration
强震观测:
strong motion
observation
强震观测台网:
strong
motion observation metwork
强震观测台阵:
strong motion
observation array
强震仪:
strong
motion instrument
三分量地震计仪:
three-component
seismometer(seismoscope)
加速度仪:
accelerograph
光学记录加速度仪:
optically recording
accelerograph
磁带记录加速度仪:
magnetic-tape
recording accelerograph
数字加速度仪:
digital accelerograph
加速度仪启动器:
starter of
accelerograph
启动时间:
starting
time
触发阈值:
triggering
threshold value
加速度仪放大倍数:
magnification of
accelerograph
时标:
time
marking
强震记录:
strong motion
record
加速度图:
accelerogram
数据处理:
data proccessing
基线校正:
base-line correction
地震震动:
ground motion
强地震震动
:strong ground motion
自由场地震震动:
free field ground
motion
地震震动持续时间:
ground
motion duration
地震震动强度:
ground motion
intensity
谱烈度:
spectral
intensity
峰值加速度:
peak
acceleration
峰值速度:
peak
velocity
峰值位移:
peak
displacement
抗震试验:
earthquake
resistant test
现场试验:
in-sitr
test
天然地震试验:
natural
earthquake test
人工地震试验:
artificial earthquake
test
模拟地震震动试验:
simulated
ground motion tes
t
伪动力试验:
pseudo dynamic test
振动台试验:
shaking table test
结构动态特性测量:
dynamic properties
measurement of structure
自由振动试验:
free vibration test
初位移试验:
initial displacement
test
初速度试验:
initial vibuation
test
强迫振动试验:
forced vibration
test
偏心块起振试验:
rotation
eccentric mass excitation test
液压激振试验:
hydraulic excitation
test
人激振动试验:
man-escitation
test
环境振动试验:
ambient(environm
ental) excitation test
动态参数识别:
dynamic parameter
identification
伪静力试验:
pseudo
static test
偱环加载试验:
cyclic
loading test
滞回曲线:
hysteretic
curve
骨架曲线:
skeleton curve
恢复力模型:
restoring
mod
el
土动态特性试验:
dynamic property
test for soil
共振柱试验:
resonant
column test
动力三轴试验:
dynamic
triaxial test
剪切波速测试:
shear
wave velocity measurement
单孔法:
single hold method
跨孔法:
cross hole method
场地:
site
危险条件
site
condition
:
有利地段:
favoruable area
不利地段:
unfavourable area
危险地段:
dangerous area
场地类别:
site classification
计算基岩面:
nominal bedrock
场地土:
site soil
场地土类型:
type of site soil
土层平均剪切波速:
average
velocity of shear wave of soil layer
土体抗震稳定性:
seismic stability of
soil
地裂缝:
ground crack
构造性地裂缝:
tectonic ground crack
非构造性地裂缝:
non-tectonic ground
crack
震陷:
subsidence due to
earthquake
矿坑震陷:
mining
subsidence due to earthquake
4.2
、地基抗震术语
地震地基失效:
ground failure due to
earthquake
液化:
liquefaction
液化势:
liquefaction potintial
喷水冒砂:
sandboil and
waterspouts
液化初步判别:
preliminary
discrimination of liquefaction
标准贯入锤击数临界值:
critical blow
count in standard penetration test
液化指数:
liquefaction index
液化等级:
class of soil
liquefaction
液化安全系数:
liquefaction safety
coefficient
液化强度:
liquefaction safety
coefficient
抗液化措施
:liquefaction defence
measures
地基承载力抗震调整系数:
modified
coefficient
of
seismic
bearing
capacity of subgrade
5
、工程抗震设计术语
5.1
、抗震设计术语
抗震设计:
seismic design
二阶段设计:
two-stage design
工程结构抗震类别:
seismic categoryof
engineering structures
5.2
、抗震概念设计术语
抗震概念设计:
conceptual design of
earthquake
设计近震和设计远震:
design
mear earthquake and design far earthquake
多道抗震设防:
multi-defence system
of seismic engineering
抗震结构整体性:
integral behaviour
of seismic structure
塑性变形集中:
concentration of
plastic deformation
强柱弱梁:
strong column and weak
beam
强剪弱弯:
strong shear and
weak bending capacity
柔性底层:
soft ground floor
5.3
、抗震构造设计术语
抗震构造措施:
earthquake resistant
constructional measure
抗侧力体系:
lateral resisting
system
抗震墙:
seismic
structural wall
抗震支撑:
seismic
bracing
约束砌体:
confined
masonry
圈梁:
ring beam;tie
column
构造柱:
constructional
column;tie column
约束混凝土:
confined concrete
防震缝:
seismic joint
隔震:
base isolation;seismic
isolation
滑动摩擦隔震:
friction
isolation
滚球隔震:
ball bearing
isolation
叠层橡胶隔震:
steel-
plate-laminated-rubber-bearing isolation
耗能:
energy dissipation
5.4
抗震计算设计术语
抗震计算方法:
seismic checking
computation method
静力法:
static method
底部剪力法:
equivalent base shear
method
振型分解法:
modal analysis
method
振型参与系数:
mode-
participation coefficient
平方和方根法:
aquare root of
sumsquare combination method
完全二次型方根法:
complete quadric
combination method
时程分析法:
time history method
时域分析法:
time history method
频域分析:
frequency domain
analysis
地震作用:
earthquake
action
设计反应谱:
response
apectrum
楼面反应谱:
floor
response spectrum
反应谱特征周期:
characteristic
period of response spectrum
地震影响系数:
seismic influence
coefficient
地震作用效应:
seismic
action effect
地震作用效应系数:
coefficient of
seismic action
地震作用效应调整系数:
modified
coefficient of seismic action effect
变形二次效应:
secondary effect of
deformation
鞭梢效应:
whipping
effect
晃动效应:
sloshing effect
地震动水压力:
earthquake hydraulic
dynamic pressure
地震动土压力:
earthquake dynamic
earth pressure
结构抗震可靠性:
reliability of
earthquake resistance of structure
材料抗震强度:
earthquake resistant
strength of materials
结构抗震承载能力:
seismic bearing
capacity of structure
杆件承载力抗震调整系数:
modified
coefficient
of
seismic
bearing
capacity of member
结构抗震变形能力:
earthquake
resistant deformability of structure
6
、地震危害和减灾术语
6.1
地震危害术语
危害:
risk
危险:
hazard
地震危害分析:
seismic risk analysis
可接受的地震危害:
acceqtable seismic
risk
灾害
:disaster
地震灾害:
earthquake disaster
地震原生灾害:
primary earthquake
disaster
地震次生灾害:
secondary
earthquake disaster
海啸:
tsunami
震害调查:
earthquake damage
investigation
工程结构地震破坏等级:
grade
of
earthquake
damaged
engineering
structure
完好:
intact
轻微破坏:
slight damage
中等破坏:
moderate damage
严重耍破坏:
severe damage
倒塌:
collapse
震害指数:
esrthquake damage
结构性破坏:
structural damage
非结构性破坏:
nonstructural damage
撞击损坏:
pounding damage
工程震害分析:
earthquake damage
analysis of engineering
6.2
减轻地震灾害术语
减轻地震灾害:
earthquake disaster
mitigation
震害预测:
earthquake
disaster prediction
易损性:
vulnerability
累积损坏:
cumulative damage
地震经济损失:
economic loss due to
earthquake
地震直接经济损失:
direct
economic loss due to earthquake
地震间接经济损失:
indirect economic
loss due to earthquake
地震社会损失(影响)
:
social
effect due to earthquake
地震人员伤亡:
earthquake casualty
地震破坏率:
earthquake casualty
修复费用:
rehabilitation cost
抗震减灾规划:
earthquake disaster
reduction planing
城市抗震减灾规划:
urban earthquake
disaster reduction planning
工矿企业抗震减灾规划:
earthquake
disaster
reduction
planning
for
industrial enterpriss
土地利用规划:
land use planning
灾害保险:
disaster insurance
地震灾害保险:
earthquake disaster
insurance
震后救援:
post-
earthquake relief
震后恢复:
post-
earthquake rehabilitation
四、幕墙
建筑幕墙:
building curtain wall
组合幕墙:
composite curtain wall
玻璃幕墙:
glass curtain wall
斜玻璃幕墙:
inclinde building
curtain wall
框支承玻璃幕墙:
frame
supported glass curtain wall
明框玻璃幕墙:
exposed frame
supported glass curtain wall
隐框玻璃幕墙:
hidden frame
supported glass curtain wall
半隐框玻璃幕墙:
semi-hidden frame
supported glass curtain wall
单元式玻璃幕墙:
frame
supported
glass
curtain
wall
assembled
in
prefabricated units
构件式玻璃幕墙:
frame
supported
glass
curtain
wall
assembled
in
elements
全玻璃幕墙:
full glass curtain
wall
点支承玻璃幕墙:
point-supported
glass curtain wall
支承装置:
supporting device
支承结构:
suppouting structure
钢绞线:
strand
硅酮结构密封胶:
structural silicone
sealant
硅酮建筑密封胶:
weather
proofing silicone
双面胶带:
double-faced adhesive
tape
双金属腐蚀:
bimetallic
corrosion
相容性:
compatibility
五、防火
高层民用建筑设计防火规范
裙房:
skirt building
建筑高度:
building altitude
耐火极限:
duration of fire
resistance
不燃烧体:
non-
combustible component
难燃烧体:
hard-combustible
component
燃烧体:
combustible
component
综合楼:
multiple-use
building
商住楼:
business-living
building
网局级电力调度楼:
large-
scale power dispatcher’building
高级旅馆:
high-grade hotel
高级住宅:
high-grade hotel
重要的办公楼、
科研楼、
档案楼:
< br>important office building
、
laboratory
、
archive
半地下室:
semi-basement
地下室:
basement
安全出口:
safety exit
挡烟垂壁:
hang wall
六、防雷和采光
建筑物防雷设计规范
接闪器:
air-termination system
引下线:
down-conductor system
接地装置:
earth-termination
system
接地体:
earth-termination
接地线:
earth electrode
防雷装置:
lightning protection
system,LPS
直击雷:
direct
lightning flash
雷电感应:
lightning induction
静电感应:
electrostatic induction
电磁感应:
electromagnitic
induction
雷电波侵入:
lightning
surge on incoming service
信息系统:
information system
向下闪击:
downward flash
向上闪击:
upward flash
雷击:
lightning stroke
短时雷击:
short stroke
长时间雷击:
long stroke
雷击点:
point of strike
雷电流:
lightning curret
单位能量:
specific energy
雷击电磁脉冲:
lightning
electromagnetic impulse
防雷区:
lightning protection
等电位连接:
equipotential
bonding,bonding
等电位连接带:
bonding bar
等电位连接导体:
bonding conductor
等电位连接网络:
bonding network
共用接地系统:
common earthing
system
接地基准点:
earthing
reference
电涌保护器(浪涌保护器)
:surge
protective
最大持续运行:
maximum
continuous operating voltage
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