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2021-02-06 11:30
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2021年2月6日发(作者:刚刚开始)


一、建筑结构



永久荷载:


permanent load


可变荷载:


variable load


偶然荷载:


accidental load


荷载代表值:


representative values of a load


设计基准期:


design reference period


标准值:


characteristic value/nominal value


组合值:


combination value


频遇值:


frequent value


准永久值:


quasi-permanent value


荷载设计值:


design value of a load


荷载效应:


load effect


荷载组合:


load combination


基本组合:


fundamental combination


偶然组合:


accidental combination


标准组合:


characteristic/nominal combination


频遇组合:


frequent combinations


准永久组合:


quasi- permanent combination


等效均布荷载:


equivalent uniform live load


从属面积:


tributary area


动力系数:


dynamic coefficient


基本雪压:


reference snow pressure


基本风压:


reference wind pressure


地面粗糙度:


terrain roughness


混凝土结构:


concrete structure


现浇结构:


cast-in-situ concrete structure


装配式结构:


prefabricated concrete structure


缺陷:


defect


严重缺陷:


serious defect


一般缺陷:


common defect


施工缝:


construction joint


结构性能检验:


inspection of structural performance


锚具:


anchorage


夹具:


grip


连接器:


coupler


预应力钢材:


prestressing steel


预应力筋:


prestressing tendon


预应力筋


-


锚具组装件:

prestressing tendon-anchorage assembly

预应力筋


-


夹具组装件:


pres tressing tendon-grip assembly


预应力筋

< p>
-


连接器具组装件:


prestressing tendon-coupler assembly


内缩:


draw-in


预应力筋


-


锚具组装件的实测极限拉力:


ultim ate


tensile


force


of


tendon-anchorage assembly


预应力筋


-


夹具组装件的实测极限拉力 :


ultimate


tensile


force


of


tendon- grip assembly


受力长度:


tension length


预应力筋的效率系数:


efficiency factor og prestressing tendon


二、钢结构



零件:


part


部件:


component


构件:


element


小拼单元:


the smallest assembled rigid unit


中拼单元:


intermediate assembled structure


高强度螺栓连接副:


set of high strength bolt


抗滑移系数:


slip coefficent of faying surface


预拼装:


test assembling


空间刚度单元:


space rigid unit


焊钉(栓钉)焊接:


stud welding


环境温度:


ambient temperature


钢结构防火涂料:


fire resistive coating for steel struture


三、抗震



地震震级:


earthquake magnitude


地震面波:


surface wave


质点运动:


particle motion


地动位移:


displacement of ground motion


质点运动速度:


velocity of particle motion


震中距:


epicentral distance


量规函数:


calibration function


地震烈度:


seismic intensity


抗震设防烈度:


seismic fortification intensity


抗震设防标准:


seismic fortification criterion


地震作用:


earthquake action


设计地震动参数:


design parameters of ground motion


设计基本地震加速度:


design basic acceleration of ground motion


设计特征周期:


design characteristic perild of guound motion


场地:


site


建筑抗震概念设计:


seismic concept design of buildings



抗震措施:


seismic fortification measures


抗震构造措施:


details of seismic design


工程抗震:


earthquake engineering


工程抗震决策:


earthquake engineering decision


抗震对策:


earthquake protective counter-measure


抗震措施:


earthquake protective counter


抗震设防:


earthquake fortification


搞震设防标准:


earthquake fortification level


抗震设防区


: earthquake fortification zone


抗震设防区划:


earthquake fortification zoning


基本烈度:


basic intensity


多遇地震烈度:


intensity of frequently occurred earthquake


罕遇地震烈度:


intensity of seldomly occurred


设计地震震动:


design ground motion


人工地震震动:


artificial ground motion


极限安全地震震动:


ultimate- safe guound motion


运动安全地震震动:


operation-safe ground


环境振动:


ambient vibration;microtremer


卓越周期:


predominant period


结构抗震性能:


earthquake resistant behavior of structure


结构延性:


ductility of structure


抗震鉴定:


seismic evaluation for engineering


抗震加固:


seismic strengthening for engineer-ing


结构体系加固:


structural system strengthening


构件加固:


structural member strengthening


生命线工程:


lifeling engineering


工程地震学:


engineering seismology


地震:


earthquake


板内地震:


intraplate earthquake


板间地震:


interplate earthquake


人工诱发地震:


artificially induced earthquake


爆破诱发地震:


explosion induced earthquake


水库诱发地震:


reservoir induced earthquake


矿山陷落地震:


mine depression earthquake


地震波:


seismic wave


地震震级:


earthquake magnitude


里氏震级:


Richter’s magnitude



活断裂:


active fracture


断裂活动段:


fracturing segment


地表断裂:


surface fuacture


断裂距:


fracture distance


震源:


earthquake focus;hypocenter


震源深度:


focal depth


浅源地震:


shallow-focus earthquake


深源地震:


deep-focus earthquake


震中:


earthquake epicenter


仪器震中:


instrumental epicenter


现场震中:


field epicenter


震中距:


epicentral distance


地震烈度:


earthquake intensity


烈度分布:


intensity distribution


烈度异常:


abnormal intensity


烈度异常区:


intensity abnormal rigion


等震线:


isoseismal;isoseism


等震线图:


isoseismal map


极震区:


meizoseismal srea


有感面积:


felt area;area of perceptivity


地震烈度表:


earthquake intensity scale


地震预报:


earthquake prediction


地震危险性:


seismic hazard


潜在震源:


potential source


点源:


point source


线源:


linear source


面源:


areal source


本底地震:


background earthquake


地震发生概率:


earthquake occurrence probability


地震活动性:


seismicity


地震重现期:


earthquake return period


年平均发生率:


amerage annual occurrence rate


超越概率:


exceedance probability


地震震动参数:


ground motion parameter


地震震动衰减规律:


attenuation law of ground motion


烈度衰减规律:


intensity attenuation


地震能量耗散:


seismic energy dissipation


地震能量吸收:


seismic energy absorption


地震区划:


seismic zonation


中国地震烈度区划图:


Chinese seismic intensity zoning map


地震小区划


:seismic microzoning


结构动态特性:


dynamic properties of structure


自由振动:


free vibration


自振周期:


matural perild of vibration


基本周期:


fundamental period


振型:


vibration mode


基本振型:


fundamental mode


高阶振型:


high order mode


共振:


resonance


振幅:


amplitude of vibration


阻尼振动:


damping vibration


阻尼:


damping


临界阻尼:


critical damping


阻尼比:


damping ratio


耗能系数:


energy dissipation coefficient


自由度:


degree of freedom


单自由度体系:


single-degree of freedom system


多自由度体系:


multi-degree of freedom system


集中质量:


lumped mass


地震反应:


earthquake response


随机地震反应:


random earthquake response


结构


< p>
液体耦联振动:


structure-liquid coupling vibration


强震观测:


strong motion observation


强震观测台网:


strong motion observation metwork


强震观测台阵:


strong motion observation array


强震仪:


strong motion instrument


三分量地震计仪:


three-component seismometer(seismoscope)


加速度仪:


accelerograph


光学记录加速度仪:


optically recording accelerograph


磁带记录加速度仪:


magnetic-tape recording accelerograph


数字加速度仪:


digital accelerograph


加速度仪启动器:


starter of accelerograph


启动时间:


starting time


触发阈值:


triggering threshold value


加速度仪放大倍数:


magnification of accelerograph


时标:


time marking


强震记录:


strong motion record


加速度图:


accelerogram


数据处理:


data proccessing


基线校正:


base-line correction


地震震动:


ground motion


强地震震动


:strong ground motion


自由场地震震动:


free field ground motion


地震震动持续时间:


ground motion duration


地震震动强度:


ground motion intensity


谱烈度:


spectral intensity


峰值加速度:


peak acceleration


峰值速度:


peak velocity


峰值位移:


peak displacement


抗震试验:


earthquake resistant test


现场试验:


in-sitr test


天然地震试验:


natural earthquake test


人工地震试验:


artificial earthquake test


模拟地震震动试验:


simulated ground motion tes


t



伪动力试验:


pseudo dynamic test


振动台试验:


shaking table test


结构动态特性测量:


dynamic properties measurement of structure


自由振动试验:


free vibration test


初位移试验:


initial displacement test


初速度试验:


initial vibuation test


强迫振动试验:


forced vibration test


偏心块起振试验:


rotation eccentric mass excitation test


液压激振试验:


hydraulic excitation test


人激振动试验:


man-escitation test


环境振动试验:


ambient(environm ental) excitation test


动态参数识别:


dynamic parameter identification


伪静力试验:


pseudo static test


偱环加载试验:


cyclic loading test


滞回曲线:


hysteretic curve


骨架曲线:


skeleton curve


恢复力模型:


restoring mod


el



土动态特性试验:


dynamic property test for soil


共振柱试验:


resonant column test


动力三轴试验:


dynamic triaxial test


剪切波速测试:


shear wave velocity measurement


单孔法:


single hold method


跨孔法:


cross hole method


场地:


site


危险条件


site condition




有利地段:


favoruable area


不利地段:


unfavourable area


危险地段:


dangerous area


场地类别:


site classification


计算基岩面:


nominal bedrock


场地土:


site soil


场地土类型:


type of site soil


土层平均剪切波速:


average



velocity of shear wave of soil layer


土体抗震稳定性:


seismic stability of soil


地裂缝:


ground crack


构造性地裂缝:


tectonic ground crack


非构造性地裂缝:


non-tectonic ground crack


震陷:


subsidence due to earthquake


矿坑震陷:


mining subsidence due to earthquake



4.2


、地基抗震术语



地震地基失效:


ground failure due to earthquake


液化:


liquefaction


液化势:


liquefaction potintial


喷水冒砂:


sandboil and waterspouts


液化初步判别:


preliminary discrimination of liquefaction


标准贯入锤击数临界值:


critical blow count in standard penetration test


液化指数:


liquefaction index


液化等级:


class of soil liquefaction


液化安全系数:


liquefaction safety coefficient


液化强度:


liquefaction safety coefficient


抗液化措施


:liquefaction defence measures


地基承载力抗震调整系数:


modified


coefficient


of


seismic


bearing


capacity of subgrade



5


、工程抗震设计术语



5.1


、抗震设计术语



抗震设计:


seismic design


二阶段设计:


two-stage design


工程结构抗震类别:


seismic categoryof engineering structures


5.2


、抗震概念设计术语



抗震概念设计:


conceptual design of earthquake


设计近震和设计远震:


design mear earthquake and design far earthquake


多道抗震设防:


multi-defence system of seismic engineering


抗震结构整体性:


integral behaviour of seismic structure


塑性变形集中:


concentration of plastic deformation


强柱弱梁:


strong column and weak beam


强剪弱弯:


strong shear and weak bending capacity


柔性底层:


soft ground floor


5.3


、抗震构造设计术语



抗震构造措施:


earthquake resistant constructional measure


抗侧力体系:


lateral resisting system


抗震墙:


seismic structural wall


抗震支撑:


seismic bracing


约束砌体:


confined masonry


圈梁:


ring beam;tie column


构造柱:


constructional column;tie column


约束混凝土:


confined concrete


防震缝:


seismic joint


隔震:


base isolation;seismic isolation


滑动摩擦隔震:


friction isolation


滚球隔震:


ball bearing isolation


叠层橡胶隔震:


steel- plate-laminated-rubber-bearing isolation


耗能:


energy dissipation


5.4


抗震计算设计术语



抗震计算方法:


seismic checking computation method


静力法:


static method


底部剪力法:


equivalent base shear method


振型分解法:


modal analysis method


振型参与系数:


mode- participation coefficient


平方和方根法:


aquare root of sumsquare combination method


完全二次型方根法:


complete quadric combination method


时程分析法:


time history method


时域分析法:


time history method


频域分析:


frequency domain analysis


地震作用:


earthquake action


设计反应谱:


response apectrum


楼面反应谱:


floor response spectrum


反应谱特征周期:


characteristic period of response spectrum


地震影响系数:


seismic influence coefficient


地震作用效应:


seismic action effect



地震作用效应系数:


coefficient of seismic action


地震作用效应调整系数:


modified coefficient of seismic action effect


变形二次效应:


secondary effect of deformation


鞭梢效应:


whipping effect


晃动效应:


sloshing effect


地震动水压力:


earthquake hydraulic dynamic pressure


地震动土压力:


earthquake dynamic earth pressure


结构抗震可靠性:


reliability of earthquake resistance of structure


材料抗震强度:


earthquake resistant strength of materials


结构抗震承载能力:


seismic bearing capacity of structure


杆件承载力抗震调整系数:


modified


coefficient


of


seismic


bearing


capacity of member


结构抗震变形能力:


earthquake resistant deformability of structure



6


、地震危害和减灾术语



6.1


地震危害术语



危害:


risk


危险:


hazard


地震危害分析:


seismic risk analysis


可接受的地震危害:


acceqtable seismic risk


灾害


:disaster


地震灾害:


earthquake disaster


地震原生灾害:


primary earthquake disaster


地震次生灾害:


secondary earthquake disaster


海啸:


tsunami


震害调查:


earthquake damage investigation


工程结构地震破坏等级:


grade


of


earthquake


damaged


engineering


structure


完好:


intact


轻微破坏:


slight damage


中等破坏:


moderate damage


严重耍破坏:


severe damage


倒塌:


collapse


震害指数:


esrthquake damage


结构性破坏:


structural damage


非结构性破坏:


nonstructural damage


撞击损坏:


pounding damage


工程震害分析:


earthquake damage analysis of engineering


6.2


减轻地震灾害术语



减轻地震灾害:


earthquake disaster mitigation


震害预测:


earthquake disaster prediction


易损性:


vulnerability


累积损坏:


cumulative damage


地震经济损失:


economic loss due to earthquake


地震直接经济损失:


direct economic loss due to earthquake


地震间接经济损失:


indirect economic loss due to earthquake


地震社会损失(影响)



social effect due to earthquake


地震人员伤亡:


earthquake casualty


地震破坏率:


earthquake casualty


修复费用:


rehabilitation cost


抗震减灾规划:


earthquake disaster reduction planing


城市抗震减灾规划:


urban earthquake disaster reduction planning


工矿企业抗震减灾规划:


earthquake


disaster


reduction


planning


for


industrial enterpriss


土地利用规划:


land use planning


灾害保险:


disaster insurance


地震灾害保险:


earthquake disaster insurance


震后救援:


post- earthquake relief


震后恢复:


post- earthquake rehabilitation


四、幕墙



建筑幕墙:


building curtain wall


组合幕墙:


composite curtain wall


玻璃幕墙:


glass curtain wall


斜玻璃幕墙:


inclinde building curtain wall


框支承玻璃幕墙:


frame supported glass curtain wall


明框玻璃幕墙:


exposed frame supported glass curtain wall


隐框玻璃幕墙:


hidden frame supported glass curtain wall


半隐框玻璃幕墙:


semi-hidden frame supported glass curtain wall


单元式玻璃幕墙:


frame


supported


glass


curtain


wall


assembled


in


prefabricated units


构件式玻璃幕墙:


frame


supported


glass


curtain


wall


assembled


in


elements


全玻璃幕墙:


full glass curtain wall


点支承玻璃幕墙:


point-supported glass curtain wall


支承装置:


supporting device


支承结构:


suppouting structure


钢绞线:


strand


硅酮结构密封胶:


structural silicone sealant


硅酮建筑密封胶:


weather proofing silicone


双面胶带:


double-faced adhesive tape


双金属腐蚀:


bimetallic corrosion


相容性:


compatibility



五、防火













高层民用建筑设计防火规范



裙房:


skirt building


建筑高度:


building altitude


耐火极限:


duration of fire resistance


不燃烧体:


non- combustible component


难燃烧体:


hard-combustible component


燃烧体:


combustible component


综合楼:


multiple-use building


商住楼:


business-living building


网局级电力调度楼:


large-


scale power dispatcher’building



高级旅馆:


high-grade hotel


高级住宅:


high-grade hotel


重要的办公楼、


科研楼、


档案楼:

< br>important office building



laboratory



archive


半地下室:


semi-basement


地下室:


basement


安全出口:


safety exit


挡烟垂壁:


hang wall



六、防雷和采光



建筑物防雷设计规范



接闪器:


air-termination system


引下线:


down-conductor system


接地装置:


earth-termination system


接地体:


earth-termination


接地线:


earth electrode


防雷装置:


lightning protection system,LPS


直击雷:


direct lightning flash


雷电感应:


lightning induction


静电感应:


electrostatic induction


电磁感应:


electromagnitic induction


雷电波侵入:


lightning surge on incoming service


信息系统:


information system


向下闪击:


downward flash


向上闪击:


upward flash


雷击:


lightning stroke


短时雷击:


short stroke


长时间雷击:


long stroke


雷击点:


point of strike


雷电流:


lightning curret


单位能量:


specific energy


雷击电磁脉冲:


lightning electromagnetic impulse


防雷区:


lightning protection


等电位连接:


equipotential bonding,bonding


等电位连接带:


bonding bar


等电位连接导体:


bonding conductor


等电位连接网络:


bonding network


共用接地系统:


common earthing system


接地基准点:


earthing reference


电涌保护器(浪涌保护器)


:surge protective


最大持续运行:


maximum continuous operating voltage

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