2014上海长宁、嘉定区高考英语二模试题 (1)

2014

年高三英语教学质量检测试卷

II. Grammar and Vocabulary

Section A

(A)

A boy plays away from home and fights with others. He

’

s defeated, gets hurt and suffers shame.

If he is strong-willed, he would

clench

(

咬紧

) his teeth, making a firm fist from (25) ______ (weep)

in front of others. But as soon as he returns home he would burst out crying at the first sight of his

close relatives. He would be all tears pouring out his sufferings.

The same is true for a strong-willed grown-up. No matter what harm he suffers he would do his

best

(26)

______

(conceal)

his

feelings,

trying

not

to

let

others

know

how

he

feels.

He

would

swallow his bitter tears and show a smiling face at others (27) ______ ______ he didn

’

t care a bit.

But however strong-willed he is, most probably he would cry as soon as he meets his close relative

who loves him and to (28) ______ he can pour out his heart unreservedly. Not only would he weep

but he

’

d cry his eyes out (29) ______ grief.

If somebody weeps in your face

—

the person never of the type doing this in front of others,

you

’

d better sit by and let him cry to (30) ______ heart

’

s content, for it shows you are regarded as

his dearest or (31) ______ (reliable) one.

It

’

s much better to have someone crying in your face than be met exclusively by (32) ______

smiling face. Anyone can smile at

you, but very few

will weep in

your face,

because the latter is

much harder for one to do than the former.

(B)

Some of young soldiers who had recently joined the army were being trained in modern ways

of fighting. One of the lessons they should take was (33) ______ an unarmed man could trick an

armed

enemy,

take

his

weapon

away

and

have

him

(34)

______

(arrest).

First

one

of

their

two

instructors took a knife away from the other, using only his bare hands, and then he took a gun away

from him in the same way.

After

the

lesson,

and

before

they

went

on

to

train

the

young

soldiers

to

do

these

things

themselves,

the

two

instructors

asked

them

a

number

of

questions

to

see

how

well

they

had

understood

what

(35)

______

(show).

One

of

the

questions

was

this,

“

Well,

you

now

know

(36)

______ an unarmed man can do against a man with a gun. Imagine that you (37) ______ (guard) a

bridge at eight one night, and that you have a gun. Suddenly you see an unarmed enemy soldier (38)

______ (come) towards you, and what will you do?

”

The young soldier who (39) ______ ______ answer this question thought carefully for a few

seconds (40) ______ he answered, and then said,

“Well

after what I have just seen, I think that the

first thing I would do would be to get rid of my gun as quickly as I could so that the unarmed enemy

soldier couldn

’

t take it from me and kill me with it!

”

Section B

A. countless

B. exhausted

C. comparison

G

. relatively

H. cleared

I. unfortunately

Rain

forests,

found

in

Earth

’

s

temperate

and

tropical

(

热带的

)

zones,

are

some

of

the

most

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D. essential

J. recycled

E. estimates

F. distinctive

K. restricts

biologically

varied

ecosystems

on

the

planet.

All

rain

forests

share

certain

___41___

features,

including a closed canopy, the dense vegetation of the top branches that forms a roof above the forest

floor, a damp and warm climate, and ___42___ constant temperatures throughout the year. Most of

the

forest

’

s

insect

and

animal

life

grows

well

in

the

canopy

’

s

leafy

and

sunlit

environment.

The

forest

’

s groundcover, by comparison, is small. Less than 2 percent of the sun

’

s light makes its way

through the canopy and the darkness below. This darkness, along with the poor quality of the soils,

___43___ plant growth.

Rain

forests

are

a(n)

___44___

part

of

Earth

’

s

total

ecology.

Huge

amounts

of

water

are

absorbed into tree roots and ___45___ into the atmosphere from the tree leaves through a process

called

transpiration

(

蒸发

).

Tree

roots

also

fix

the

soil

in

place

and

slow

the

runoff

of

rains

into

rivers

and

oceans.

Through

the

process

of

photosynthesis

(

光合作用

),

rain

forests

absorb

more

carbon dioxide and give off more oxygen than any other ecosystem.

The rain forests are ___46___ shrinking at a rapid rate as a result of the profitable ventures of

farming, logging, and mining. When tropical rain forests are ___47___ in order to raise cattle and

crops,

the

nutrient-poor

soils

are

quickly

___48___.

When

farmers

move

on

to

new

areas,

heavy

rains and baking sun leave the land fruitless and lifeless. Logging and mining cause similar damage

to the land and destroy the

territory of ___49___ millions of birds, insects and animals. By some

___50___,

an

area

of

tropical

rain

forest

the

size

of

the

state

of

Delaware

disappears

in

this

way

every month.

III. Reading Comprehension

Section A

Archaeologists are scientists who search for clues that help form a clearer picture of the lives

people

led

in

the

past.

Archaeology

is

a

modern

science,

but

it

has

been

___51___

for

centuries.

More

than

2,400

years

ago,

the

Greek

historian

Herodotus

described

the

Egyptian

pyramids

and

other monuments. He may have been the first writer to consider that remains and ___52___ could

provide

information

for

___53___

generations.

For

more

than

a

thousand

years,

however,

such

___54___ were observers rather than researchers.

In

the

1700s,

scientists

and

adventurers

from

a

variety

of

countries

traveled

___55___

to

explore

ancient

sites.

Digs

that

are

still

___56___

began

in

1709

at

Herculaneum,

an

Italian

city

buried

in

ash

during

the

explosion

of

Mount

Vesuvius

in

A.

D.

79.

The

Danish

scholar

Carsten

Niebuhr visited the ruins of Persepolis in the Middle East in 1765 to study

cuneiform writing

(

楔形

文字

).

___57___,

archaeology

didn’

t

become

a

widely

recognized

science

and

schools

didn

’

t

recognize the subject as a scholarly pursuit until the 19th century. The term itself was ___58___ in

1837.

It

comes

from

a

Latin

word

meaning

“the

study

of

antiquities

(

古物

).

”

One

of

the

first

archaeologists to use a scientific approach to the discipline was Heinrich Schliemann of Germany,

who in the late 1800s ___59___ the ancient civilization of the city of Troy.

Today,

archaeologists

uncover

the

past

in

many

different

___60___,

including

deserts

and

jungles, at sites called digs. Ancient sources, folk tales, and landscape features can suggest where

archaeologists should look. Surveys of the land help them choose sites ___61___ to provide artifacts,

the objects that will unlock the story of a particular people

—

their daily

lives, their beliefs, and

their

ties

to

other

cultures.

A

site,

however,

does

not

have

to

be

old

to

be

interesting

to

an

archaeologist. Some prefer to study more ___62___ settlements. One scientist, for instance, studies

coal

mining

camps

in

California

by

examining

the

garbage

that

miners

___63___.

Archaeologists

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may work for universities, museums or governments, and some of them are involved in educating

the public about ___64___ ancient sites. Artifact hunters who are ___65___ history rob these places

and sell what they find for a few dollars to immoral dealers in antiquities.

51. A. adventuring

B. changing

C. digging

D. evolving

52. A. books

B. history

C. ruins

D. science

53. A. lost

B. later

C. older

D. several

54. A. inventors

B. scholars

C. visitors

D. writers

55. A. extensively

B. nationwide

C. regularly

D. together

56. A. in progress

B. in good condition

C. on display

D. out of control

57. A. Besides

B. However

C. Instead

D. Meanwhile

58. A. coined

B. considered

C. recognized

D. used

59. A. created

B. developed

C. established

D. investigated

60. A. countries

B. fields

C. locations

D. ways

61.

A. certain

B. likely

C. ready

D. necessary

62. A. honorable

B. peaceful

C. rural

D. recent

63. A. gave away

B. gave off

C. left behind

D. left out

64. A. choosing

B. examining

C. studying

D. protecting

65. A. aware of

B. fed up with

C. ignorant of

D. familiar with

Section B

Directions:

Read the following three passages.

Each passage is followed by several questions or

unfinished statements.

For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the

one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

(A)

When my old dog developed major health problems, I knew that watching him fail would be

painful, but I wasn

’

t prepared for the powerful lessons he

’

d offer in the last year of his life.

Chance was 14 when the problems started. First, he developed a cancer that left him whistling

for breath. Then came

cataracts

(

白内障

) in both eyes,

arthritis

(

关节炎

) in his legs, and a series of

ministrokes

(

小中风

) that threw off his balance. Any one of these misfortunes would have left me

begging for relief, but Chance became calmer as the disabilities piled up.

When leg pain left him frozen on the floor, unable to rise for a quick pat as I came home, he

didn

’

t complain. He just lay there patiently, signaling me with his hammering tail, each movement

spelling

out

the

value

of

waiting

for

the

things

you

want.

When

his

cataracts

made

steering

impossible after dark, he

’

d stand calmly until I could guide him inside, proving how easy it is to find

happiness if you let go of your pride and insecurities and learn to lean on those who love you. When

ministrokes had him walk unsteadily like a drunk, he taught the value of persistence. For days after

each attack, he

’

d fall as he moved about. Yet again and again he

’

d try to walk, each day moving a

few more steps until finally he was able to get outside and back by himself.

There were lessons in so much of what he did, but the key one surely was the importance of

obtaining all the joy possible from each experience whether it

’

s a day lazing under a warm sun or a

few minutes appreciating a favorite meal.

For most of our life together, Chance was always rushing ahead, searching out new adventures,

then circling back to let me know what lay around the next bend. As an old dog, he did the same

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thing, using his attitude, instead of his once-fast legs, to show the way.

66. Chance suffered very much from all the diseases he had except for ______.

A. having problem with breath

B. walking around awkwardly

C. having trouble drinking

D. losing his eyesight in darkness

67. ______ is the most important lesson the author learned from Chance.

A. Living in the present and enjoying what we have

B. Learning to depend on those who we love and trust

C. That we should expect good things to happen patiently

D. That we should persevere in what we believe is worth trying

68. It is implied in the passage that ______.

A. people might suffer from different diseases when they grow old

B. people could face aging with courage and dignity

C. pets would become calmer for lack of energy in their last days

D. pets and masters should stick together helping each other in difficulty

69. Which of the following words best describes the author

’

s feelings to Chance?

A. Bitter.

B. Grateful.

C. Proud.

D. Sympathetic.

(B)

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