-
页眉内容
2016
年
6
月英语四级听力原文
News report 1
The
International Labour Organization says the number
of people
without jobs is increasing.
国际劳工组织称失业人数正在增加。
In its latest
update
on Global Employment
Trends,
在最新一期全球就业趋势报告中，
the agency says projections of the
number of unemployed people
this year
range
from 210 million to
nearly 240 million people.
该组织预测今年失业人数将
在
2.1-2.4
亿人之间。
The report warns that 200 million poor
workers are at risk of
joining
the
ranks
of
people
living
on
less
than
2
dollars
per
day
in the past three years.
该组织
的报告警告说，在过去的三年里
2
亿贫穷工人面临跨入每天靠不
足两美元过活行列的风险。
The
director
general of the
International Labour Organization,
Juan
Somavia,
国际劳工组织主任胡安·索马维亚
notes that some countries have taken
measures to
address
the
effects of the
global
crisis.
表示一些国家已经开始采取措施应对全球危机带来的影响了。
However, he points out that many
countries have not done so.
但同时他还指出有很多国家尚未采取措施。
And based on past experiences, it takes
four to five years after
economic
recovery
for
unemployment
to return to
pre-crisis
levels.
根据以往经验，经济
复苏之后，失业率需要
4-5
年时间恢复到危机前水
平。
Mr. Somavia says
the International Labour Organization is
proposing a
global
jobs' agreement to
deal with
unemployment
.
索马维亚称国际劳工组织正在针对失业问题准备一份国际就业协议。
objective
is to
place the center of
recovery
efforts,
协议的核心是制定主要恢复措施，
measures that would
generate
higher levels of
employment and
provide basic
social
protection
for the most
vulnerable
.
页眉内容
这些措施将帮助提高就业水平，并对社会底层人群提供保护。
Questions
1
and
2
are
based
on
the
news
report
you
have
just
heard.
请根据你刚
刚听到的新闻报道回答问题
1
和问题
2
。
Question is
the news report mainly about?
问题
1
：
新闻报道的主要内容是什么？
Question does, Juan Somavia,
director
general of the
International Labour Organization, say?
问题
2
：
国际
劳工组织主任胡安·索马维亚说了什么？
News
Report 2
Big fast-food chains in New
York City have started to obey a
first-
of-its-kind rule requiring them to post
calorie
counts
right the menu.
纽约市的大型快餐连锁店
迎来了一项史无前例的新规定，
这一规定要求
他们在菜单上附上
卡路里含量表。
Cathy Nonas is with
the New York City Department of Health.
纽约市健康部的凯西·诺娜说：
opportunity
to
actually see the
calories before they
purchase
the food and make a
decision
, an
informed
decision
,
“我们希望让消费者能够在知情的情况下做出购物决定。
that if they want to make the healthier
choice, if they want to
eat fewer
calories, they can.
如果他们希望买更健康的食物，想摄入更少
的热量，这是可以实现的。
And we expect
this will have a huge
impact
on
obesity
.
我们认为这项规定会对肥胖问题带来很大改善。
And of course, if it has an
impact
on
obesity
, it will have an
impact
on
diabetes
,
and
heart
disease,
and
high
blood
pressure
.
当然，如果它能改善肥
胖问题，那么它也就会降低糖尿病、心脏病和高
血压的患病率。
The
new
rules
were
introduced
as
part
of
an
anti-
obesity
campaign
that
also
includes
a
recent
citywide
ban
on
artificial
trans-
fats
in restaurant food.
这项规
定是该城市最近发起的反肥胖症运动的一部分。
此次反肥胖症运
动还颁布了一条禁止全城餐馆使用人工反式脂肪的禁令。
页眉内容
The
menu
rule
only
applies
to
restaurants
that
serve
standardized
portion
sizes and have 15 or
more locations nationwide.
菜单新规只适用于提供标准
化饮食份量、
并在全国有
15
家或以上
连锁店
的餐馆。
Starting
last Saturday, chains big enough to fall under the
rule
will
face
penalties
of
up
to
2000
dollars
for
not
showing
calorie
information in a
prominent
spot on their
menus, preferably next
to the price.
从上周六开始，符合条件的餐馆需要在其菜单明显位置，最好在价格旁
边显示卡路里信息，否则将会面临多达
2000
美元的罚款。
Questions
3
and
4
are
based
on
the
news
report
you
have
just
heard.
请根据你刚才听到的新闻报道回答问题
3
和问题
4
。
are big fast food chains in New York
City required to do
according to the
new rule?
新规定要求纽约市的大型快餐连锁店做什么？
will
happen to
big
restaurant chains that
violate
the
new
rule?
如果大型快餐连锁店违反规定将会怎样？
News Report 3
Almost all
companies
recognize
the
importance of
innovation
today.
如今，几乎所有的公司都知道创新的重要性，
But
not
many
are
able
to
integrate
innovation
into
their
business.
但是真正能够将创新融入到其业务当中的却不多。
A
commentary
in
the Shanghai Daily points out that
innovation
doesn't mean piles of documents.
《上海日报》的一篇评论文章指出，发明并不简单的是一摞摞的文件。
It is something more practical.
而是实际的东西。
The
article
says
many
people
tend
to
assume
that
innovation
just
means creating
something new,but actually it's more than that.
文章中说到，
很多人认为发明就是创造出新的东西，
但事实上不止如此。
It's an
attitude of doing things.
它还代表了一种做事的方式。
页眉内容
A company
should find ways to innovate not just in products
but
also in functions, business models
and processes.
一个公司要寻求的不仅仅是产品创新，还应寻求运营、
商业模式和流程
方面的创新。
The
article cites the
global
giant Procter & Gamble as an
example, saying a real
innovative
company should
develop an
innovation
culture and use it as a
primary
tool for success.
文章还引用了宝洁公司为例，
称真正有创新精神的公司应该发展创新
文
化，并以其作为成功的主要工具。
Procter & Gamble has a
offers big rewards for high-risk ideas
that succeed.
宝洁公司有一个“企业创新基金”，
该基金用于奖励获得成功的大胆创
意。
It also has a special
innovation
facility for its
employees.
该公司还有专门的员工创新基地。
Sometimes its employees are released
from their daily jobs for
weeks
and
spend
their
time
interacting
in
the
innovation
facility
instead.
有时候员工几个星期不去公司上班，而是在创新基地一起互动交流。
In
conclusion
,
the article says
innovative
ideas alone do not
ensure success.
归结起来，这篇文章表达的意思是创新的想法未必意味着成功。
It's
pointless
unless
there
is
repeatable
process
in
place
to
turn
inspiration
into financial
performance
.
如果不能
将灵感通过某个过程转化为财务收益，所有的想法都是徒劳。
Questions
5
and
7
are
based
on
the
news
report
you
have
just
heard.
请根据你刚
刚听到的新闻报道回答第
5-7
题。
5. What is the problem with many
companies according to the news
report?
新闻报道中指出很多公司的问题是什么？
6. What do many people
tend
to think of
innovation
?
多数人对创新的理解是什么？
7.
What
does
the
company
Procter
&
Gamble
owe
its
success
to?
宝洁公司的成功归功于什么？
Conversation One
页眉内容
M: So,
Lyndsay, do you like to text message on your
cell
phone?
男士：
林赛，你喜欢用手机发短信吗？
W:
Yeah, I text message a
lot.
女士：
喜欢啊，我经常发。
M:
I
don't
do
it
so
much.
I
prefer
to
make
a
call
if
I'm
in
a
hurry.
男士：
我不是很喜欢。
如果有急事我更喜欢打电话。
W:
Yeah, I go both ways. Sometimes I don't really
want to talk
to
the
person.
I
just
want
to
ask
them
one
question,
so
it's
much
easier for me just to
text message. If I call them, I'll have to
have a long
conversation
.
女士：
嗯，我两个都用。有时候我真的很不想和人说话。如果我只是想
问一个问题，那发短信就简单多了。但是如果打电话，就得进行一次很
长的对话。
M:
Yeah, I can see
what you mean. But I get off the phone pretty
quickly when I call. I'm not a big
talker.
男士：
是的，我明白你的意思。但是我和别人
打电话用的时间很短。我
不是爱聊天的人。
W:
Yeah, that's true. You
don't talk a lot.
女士：
你的确不太爱说话。
M:
So are you fast at
writing the messages with your
thumb
?
男士：
那你发短信时打字快吗？
W:
Well, when I first got a
cell
phone, I was so slow. I
thought
I would never text message. But
then people kept text messaging
me, so
I felt obliged to learn how to text message. So
now I'm
pretty fast. What about you?
女士：
啊，我刚用手机时，打字很慢。我想我永远都不会发短信。但
是
人们不断地给我发短信，弄得我不得不学。因此现在我打字很快了。你
呢？
M:
Actually
I
have
the
opposite
problem.
When
I
first
got
my
cell
phone, I
thought it was so cool to text message all my
friends
who have one, and I was pretty
fast with my
thumb
then. But
it
seems like now I don't use it so
much, I've got slower actually.
男士：
其实我刚好和你相反。我刚买手机的时候，给所有有手机的朋友
都发短信
，当时觉得那是一件很酷的事，所以那时候我的手很麻利。但
是现在我不太发短信了，所
以似乎也生疏了许多。
页眉内容
W:
Yeah, I think text
messaging actually sort of has to do with
your age. For example, people in high
school, they text message
a lot. But I
ask my father if he text messages, and guess what
he said?
女士：
是的，我觉
得是否喜欢发短信和年龄也有一定的关系。比如，高
中生很爱发短信。但是我问我的父亲
他是否发短信，你猜他怎么说？
M:
What?
男士：
怎么说？
W:
He said he never text
messaged. He thinks it's very childish
and unprofessional to text message.
女士：
他说他从来没有发过。他说发短信很幼稚，而且很不专业。
M:
Yeah,
I
can
see
what
he
means.
It's
considered
pretty
informal
to text
message someone.
男士：
嗯，我能理解他。
给别人发短信的确感觉很不正式。
does the
man say about himself?
关于自己男士说了什么？
9.
What does the woman
tend
to
do while she is on the phone?
女士打电话时通常会怎样？
10.
Why did the man text message all his friends when
he first
got his
cell
phone?
男士刚买手机时为什么给他所有的朋友发短信？
does the Woman's father think of text
messaging?
女士的父亲对发短信有什么看法？
Conversation Two
W:
Good morning, Mr.
Johnson. How can I help you?
女士：
约翰逊先生早上好。有什么需要我帮您的吗？
M:
Well, I'd like to talk to
you about Tim Bond, the department
manager.
男士：
嗯，我想就
我们的部门经理蒂姆·邦德跟你谈一下。
W:
What seems to be the
problem?
女士：
是什么事？
M:
Well,
ever
since
Sandra
left
the
department,
I
feel
like
I’ve
been targeted to do all her work as
well as mine. I'm expected
to attend
too many meetings and I seem to be spending a lot
of
my time doing
unnecessary
paperwork.