精读3-dictation 1-14

综合英语第三册

Dictation

答案

Unit 1

There

are

generally

two

educational

methods:

/

the

lecture

method

and

the

group

learning

method. / In a lecture classroom, / the teacher dominates the class /by doing most of the talking. /

Students listen and take notes. / This method is best at passing on content to students. / It prepares

students for a society / that values discipline and self- control. / The problem is that students forget

most of the facts / that they have mechanically memorized. / In contrast, / the teacher of a group

learning classroom / appears to have no definite role at all, / wandering about from group to group.

/

Students

do

not

memorise

information,

/

but

they

actively

generate

their

own

ideas,

/

each

contributing insights for the success of the group. / This method prepares students for a society /

that values creative ideas. / The disadvantage is that /students have not memorised enough basic

facts.

Unit 2

Everyone

is

under

some

pressure

/

in

the

workplace.

/

Some

external

pressures

/

can

be

a

positive

factor,

/

helping

us

to

be

more

productive.

/

Some

people

actually

thrive

/

under

short-term

added

pressure,

/

and

our

bodies

are

designed

to

meet

these

short- term

demands.

/

Hormones are released to prepare us /

for a “fight or flight” response

/ to demanding situations. /

However, excessive and prolonged stress / can take its toll, / producing a range of physical and

emotional

health

problems,

/

which

have

come

to

be

grouped

as

“work

-

related

stress”

.

/

The

experience of stress is different for every person. / Some people are affected more than others, / so

what

is

stressful

for

one

person

/

may

not

be

stressful

for

another.

/

It

can

depend

on

your

personality type / and on how you have learned to respond to pressure.

Unit 3

Recently in the United States, / there has been a debate / concerning old drivers. / There have

been a series of accidents / committed by elderly drivers / and they have given rise to new debates

on the old issue: / how old is too old to drive? / Some people point to statistics/ showing that older

drivers are safer than teenagers, / at least until they reach seventy-five. / Moreover, elderly drivers

are

less

likely

to

drive

drunk

/

than

other

drivers.

However,

at

least

twenty- one

states

/

have

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综合英语第三册

Dictation

答案

special requirements on older drivers: / those over sixty-five and older/ are required to renew their

driving

license

every

year

/

and

undertake

vision

tests.

/

Taking

away

a

license

can

rob

older

people of their independence / and force them to rely on others/ for trips to the grocery store or

doctor

’

s office. / Some people argue / whether someone continues to drive or not/ should be based

on performance / not just simply age.

Unit 4

The first of April / is commonly known as April Fools Day / and it

’

s a custom on this day / to

play a trick on a friend. / You do this/ by causing your friend to believe something/ that isn

’

t true. /

If your friend falls into the trap, / then he or she is an April fool. / This strange custom has been

observed / by both children and adults for centuries. / Its origin is uncertain / and may once have

been cruel. / But today the tricks and

practical jokes are harmless/ and played mostly for fun. /

Usually

April

jokes

are

played

on

friends

and

colleagues/

but

sometimes

they

are

played

on

a

wider

scale.

/

One

serious

national

newspaper

/

reported

on

a

new

machine/

to

transport

passengers from London to Australia in ten minutes. / Another published a four-page survey / of a

nonexistent island in the Pacific. / And even on BBC television news/ there was an item / which

showed a kind of an Italian noodle/ being harvested from trees.

Unit 5

Childhood is less clear to me than to many people: / when it ended I turned my face away

from

it

/

for

no

reason

that

I

know

about,

/

certainly

without

the

usual

reason

of

unhappy

memories.

/

For

many

years

that

worried

me,

/

but

then

I

discovered/

that

the

tales

of

former

children are seldom to be trusted. / Some people supply too many past victories or pleasures / with

which to comfort themselves, / and other people cling to pains, real and imagined, / to excuse what

they have become. / I think I have always known about my

memory. /

I know when it is to be

trusted/ and when some dream or fantasy entered on the life, / and the dream, the need of dream, /

led to distortion of what happened.

Unit 6

Poetry as an art form may have predated literacy. / Some of the earliest poetry / is believed

to

have

been

orally

recited

or

sung.

/

Following

the

development

of

writing,

/

poetry

has

since

developed into increasingly structured forms, / though much poetry since the late 20th century /

has moved away from traditional forms / towards the more vaguely defined free verse / and prose

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