优秀英语短文翻译

的事务有联系。然而，能在人类关注的事物中占据极高地位的真理之所以伟大，就在于

无论在最卑微者还是最高贵者心中，

真理永远都以种子

或潜在原理的方式存在，他只需去培育或发现，而无 需去种植或创造。能够被移植是判

断一个真理属于低级真理的直接标准。除此之外，还有 一种比真理更珍贵的东西，那就

是力量，或曰对真理的深切认同。举例而言，儿童对社会 有何作用呢？儿童的无助、天

真和单纯所唤起的怜悯、

柔情和种 种特殊的爱慕之意，

不仅可强化和升华世人与生俱来

的仁爱之心 ，就连那些在上帝眼中最为珍贵的品质，诸如唤醒宽容的柔弱、象征神圣的

天真、以及超 凡脱俗的单纯，也都会在永恒的记忆中得以保持，其完美典范亦会不断更

新。更高层次的 文学，即力量的文学，要实现的正是与此相同的目的。从弥尔顿的《失

乐园》

从一本烹调书中你能学到什么呢？从每 一段

中你都能学到某种新的知识，

某种你不曾知晓的知识。

可你能因此而认为那本微不足道

的烹调书比那部神圣的诗作更高明吗 ？你应该感谢弥尔顿的不是他给了你什么知识，

因

为获取一百万 条互不相干的知识，

也不过是在茫茫尘世向前走了一百万步；

你 应该感谢

的是他给予你“力量”

，使你能发挥并拓展与无限世界 产生共鸣的潜能。在无限世界中，

10

每一次脉动和心跳都是上升的一步，犹如沿雅各的天梯从 地面攀向远离凡尘的神秘高

处。知识的步伐，自始至终都让你在同一层面行进，但绝不可 能使你从古老的人间尘世

上升一步；而力量迈出的第一步就是飞升——

< br>

升入另一种境界，一种使你忘却凡尘的

境界。

（集体讨论

曹明伦、吴刚

执笔）

An Experience of Aesthetics by Robert Ginsberg

审美的体验

罗伯特·金斯伯格

I

climbed

the

heights

above

Y

osemite

V

alley

,

California

in

order

to

see

the

splendid

granite

mountain,

Half

Dome,

in

its

fullest

view.

Approaching

the

edge

through

the

woods

I

was

filled

with

heightened

expectation.

I

saw

the

ruin

of

a

cabin

and

my

appro

ach

caused

the

alignment of the chimney on this side of the valley with the shorn mountain across the valley

.

I

stopped.

Something

happened.

The

stone

verticals

corresponded,

one

human-shaped,

the

other

natural.

The

human

site

was

still

engaged

in

sightseeing.

I

was

on

its

side.

I

saw

the

famous

sight

through

the

eyes

of

the

ruin.

I

had

come

expecting

beauty;

I

discovered

an

unexpected dimension to the beauty of the scene/seen.

为了饱览壮丽的花岗岩山 峰半穹顶的全景，

我登上了加州约塞米蒂谷的高地。

穿过树林，

走近山沿，心中充满美的期盼。远远望见一处小屋的废墟，走到近前，只见山谷这边的< /p>

烟囱与横穿山谷的陡峭山崖恰好连成一线。我停下脚步，奇观出现了：两道石壁遥相呼

应，一边人工打造，一边浑然天成。人造景观这边仍供观光游览，我此时就身临其境。

透过小屋的废墟，我看到了著名的景观。我怀着对美的期盼而来，不经意间却发现了美

的另一番天地。

In this experience I had been seeking the aesthetic. I knew I would

find

it,

for I

had seen post

cards

in

advance

and

was

following

the

trail

map.

The

seeking

took

considerable

effort

and

time. It

was a

heavy

investment.

I was

not

going

for

the scientific purpose of studying rock

formation,

nor

was

it

for

the

recreational

purpose

of

exercising

my

limbs

in

the

fresh

air,

though

that

exertion

added

intensity

to

the

experience

and

was

its

context.

Primarily,

I

was

going

for the scenic wonders. No wonder that I would take delight

in seeing

Half

Dome.

The

expectation

elicited

the

outcome.

I

was

suitably

prepared.

No

distractions

of

practical

consideration

—

or

theoretic

—

detracted

from

my

concentrated

expectancy

.

Indeed,

the

world all around

me on

the climb contributed

to the context

for

my

goal. I was on the

terrain

of

Nature

in

a

national

park,

following

the

trail

to

a

viewpoint

upon

a

celebrated

natural

formation.

Each

step

in

the

climb

not

only

brought

me

closer

but

obliged

me

to

sense

the

altitude. Moving through

the thick

woods was

in anticipatory

contrast

to the

great

gap of

the

valley and the starkness of the treeless granite boulder.

这 次旅程中我一直在捕捉一种美感。

我知道会如愿以偿，

因为我事 先看过一些有关的风

11

景明信片，循着山路示意图一路找来。这样的寻找费时费力，投入颇大。我此行的目的

既不是出于对科学的动机来研究岩石的结构，

也不是出于娱乐消遣的考虑 在清新的空气

中舒展肢体——尽管这次跋涉加深了我对美的体验，而且是这番体验的不可 或缺的环

节。我来这主要是为了览胜，因此见到半穹顶自然欣喜不已。有什么样的期盼就 有什么

样的结果。

我有备而来，

心无旁 骛，

一心期盼着美景，

不受任何实际或假设因素的干扰。

真的，在攀登过程中，我周围的一切都为寻美营造了氛围。我登上了国家公园的天然山

地，

循着山道前来观赏闻名遐迩的大自然的鬼斧神工。

< br>攀登中的每一步不仅使我距目标

越来越近，也使我感受到海拔越来越高。不出所料 ，穿行在茂密的树林中，登上大峡谷

寸草不生的花岗岩巨石，两种不同境界给人以强烈的 反差。

My

spirit

and

my

senses

were

heightened.

I

was

keenly

aware

of

the

world,

eager

to

experience

it.

My senses were willing

to be

gratified by

their

fullest exercise.

Hence

my eye

was sharp, but so was

my ear and

my

nose,

I was open to experiencing aesthetically. And on

the

way

I

did

take

minor

pleasure

in

a

bird's

song,

a

tree's

sway

,

and

a

cloud's

contortion.

I

was

in the world considered as potential aesthetic realm. Any pleasing

feature that appeared

would

be

welcomed.

And

that

welcoming

mode

drew

forth

pleasing

features.

A

tonic

subjective at-homeness with the world pervaded my feelings. I was in the right mood to enjoy

Nature.

我精 神抖擞，感官敏锐。我真切地感受到周围的一切，急于体验这一切，渴望在最充分

的感官 体验中得到最大满足。

因此我不但目光敏锐，

听觉和嗅觉也十分 灵敏——我敞开

心扉，尽情地体验着美的滋味。沿途所见所闻，哪怕是一点小小的愉悦， 鸟雀鸣唱、树

影婆娑、云卷云舒，都着实让我动情。置身于这样一个处处蕴含着美的王国 ，我随时准

备接纳任何不期而至的景色。

这样一种心态更促生了 令人赏心悦目的景致，

一种心旷神

怡的回归自然之情在我心中油 然而生。这样一种心情最适于欣赏自然美景不过了。

Then the

unexpected

happened. I

had no thought

in reaching

the natural

heights that a human

structure

would be present. Normally,

I would

have avoided any such structure as I directed

my

steps

toward

the

natural

view.

In

retrospect

it

makes

sense

that

a

service

building

be

present at the

trail end. It

may

have

had

facilities

for

visitors and played an

interpretive role.

But

the

building

was

not

present

when

I

arrived.

It

was

absent

though

its

ruin

was

present.

And

that

ruin

spoke

to

my

experience

as

related

to

what

I

had

come

to

see.

If

I

had

been

trudging

on

in

a

dulled

state,

passing

the

time

in

surroundings

—

like

those

of

the

railway

station

—

that did not draw

interest,

I

might well

have

missed

the chimney

, walked past

it as

if

it

were

another

tree

on

the

way

to

the

goal.

The

heightened

intensity

o

f

my

sensibility

allowed

the

chimney

to

be

integrated

into

the

experiencing

aesthetically.

Readiness

was

all.

The extraterrestrial aesthetician

would explain

that the creature

it was observing on

the

trail

was a

specimen of

an aesthetic being whose experiencing apparatus

for the aesthetic was on

12

full alert.

The

individual was completely

given over

to the enjoyment of

its experience.

And

while

headed

in

the

direction

of

an

anticipated

goal

it

was

nonetheless

open

to

enjoying

anything

that

came

its

way

.

Something

quite

unexpected

came

its

way

,

and

it

was

ready

to

attend

to

it,

getting

the

maximum

aesthetic

value

out

of

the

encounter.

The

creature

was

embarked on an adventure

in experience. Given the wide range of accessible

natural wonders

in

the

national

park,

the

individual

in

the

right

mood

was

bound

to

make

gratifying

discoveries.

接着，出乎意料的景观出现了。我怎么也不曾想到，在抵达天 然高地时竟然会出现一处

人工建筑。在通常情况下，我要是徒步参观某处自然景点，一定 会绕开这类建筑。回想

起来，

在山路尽头有一座服务性建筑也全 在情理之中。

这小屋也许曾为游客提供过方便，

起过导游讲解作 用。可我来到高地时，小屋不见了。虽有断垣残壁，房屋却荡然无存。

而正是这片废墟使 我体验到此行览胜的真正含义。

如果我当时兴致索然地一路跋涉，

比

如像在火车站那样的地方消磨时光，

周围的事物一点也不引 人注意，

那么我很可能会错

过烟囱，只当它是沿途路过的又一棵 树罢了。而现在，我的感悟力增强了，烟囱作为一

道景观融入了审美体验的始终。一切取 决于心态。如果一个天外美学家看到我这模样，

可能会认为，

它 观察到的路上这个怪人准是个充满审美细胞的动物，

其审美感官正处于

< br>极度警觉的状态。

他已完全沉浸在审美体验所带来的愉悦之中。

< br>他朝着既定的目标行进，

同时又不放过闯入视野的任何景致。奇观乍现，立即映入 眼帘，他便从中发掘出最大的

审美价值。此人正在经历一次美的历险。有国家公园这般天 地，随处可见自然奇现，心

境舒畅的游人必定会获得心满意足的发现。

< br>

What are the contents of the aesthetic discovery? Formal properties of beauty may be pointed

to in what I saw: the verticals as distinctively shaped and gathering space about them, and the

interplay between

the two kinds of

vertical

shapes over

the enormous

intervening space.

The

pleasure of perspective entered, for though the chimney is miniscule compared to Half Dome,

my

approaching

it

from

the

trail

made

it

assume

visual

and

spatial

dignity

equal

to

the

mountain. Complexity of human meaning is encountered with poignant irony

. The chimney is

an enduring

marker of

the

human

value placed on the

mountain

visible

from this point. Here

human hands raised stones to shelter an experience of pure stone. So I have come to the right

place;

I

am

at

home.

But

the

human

occupation

has

been

lifted;

our

presence

has

turned

to

stone.

Nature

has

reclaimed

its

elements.

Half

Dome

presides

over

the

petrifaction

of

the

world.

Chimney

and

mountain

are

in

dialogue

as

I

sense

the

switching

between

their

perspectives. I am present in ruin and in unity

.

这次审美体验的发现是什么？我所目睹的景致或许可以说明美的外在特征：悬崖峭壁，

造型奇特，给人以强烈的空间感，两道石壁形状迥异，广袤交错，凌空矗立。此外，还

有透视效果带来的愉悦：

虽然与半穹顶相比石烟囱显得非常渺小，

但我从山道这边靠近，

13 < /p>

看上去无论在视觉上还是空间上其气势都一点儿不亚于半穹顶。

人 类的复杂意图受到了

辛辣的讽刺。从这一视点看过去，那烟囱是人的价值置于大山上的一 道永久性标记。人

类在那里垒石筑屋，以观苍石。这样看来，我来对了地方，我找到了归 宿。不过人类对

自然的占据被消除掉了，我们的存在与石头融为一体。大自然索回了自己 的要素，半穹

顶主宰着石头的世界。我感受到两种不同景致的交替，仿佛听见烟囱在和大 山对话。我

站在小屋废墟上，也置身于和谐统一中。

（集体讨论

许建平

执笔）

A Person Who Apologizes Has the Moral Ball in His Court by

Paul Johnson

谁给别人道歉，谁就在道义上掌握了主动

保罗·约翰逊

I have sympathy

for the butler

in The Big Sleep. Marlowe detects

him

in a contradiction and

asks him aggressively,

ou made a mistake, didn't you?

sweetly,

make

many

mistakes,

sir.

And

so

do

I.

I

am,

by

instinct

and

training,

a

very

specific

writer,

and

so

my

errors

are

numerous.

Recent

ones

include

misspelling

Geoffrey

Madan's

name

—

I

phoned

the

printers

with

a

correction

but

my

page

had

already

gone

to

press

—

and

crediting

Richard

Tauber

with

Donald

Peers's

signature-tune,

a

babbling

brook

ou are my heart's delight

and for others in the past, and for those to come.

我同情《长眠》这部影片中的男管家。马洛探 长发现了他讲话前后有矛盾，就逼问道：

“你犯了一个错，

对不 ？”

管家伤感而乖巧地答曰：

“我犯下的错可多去啦，