1 TRIPS 中英文对照

方式

促进技术知识创造者和使用者的双赢，和达到权利与义务的平衡。< /p>

The

protection

and

enforcement

of

intellectual

property

rights

should

contribute

to

the

promotion

of

technological innovation and

to the transfer and dissemination of technology, to the

mutual advantage of

producers and users of technological knowledge and in a manner conducive to social and economic welfare,

and to a balance of rights and obligations.

第

8

条

法则

Article 8

Principles

1.

各成员在制定或修订其法律法规时，可采纳必要的措施，以保障公众的健康和营养，和提高

对其社会经济发展和技术发展至关重要领域的公共利益，只要这些措施符合本协定中的规定。

< br>

Members may, in formulating or amending their laws and regulations, adopt measures necessary to protect

public

health

and

nutrition,

and

to

promote

the

public

interest

in

sectors

of

vital

importance

to

their

socio- economic

and

technological

development,

provided

that

such

measures

are

consistent

with

the

provisions of this Agreement.

2.

只要符合本协定中的规定，可采取适当的措施，防止知识产权权利持有人滥用知识产权和 不

合理地限制贸易或对技术的国际转让造成不利影响的行为。

Appropriate

measures,

provided

that

they

are

consistent

with

the

provisions

of

this

Agreement,

may

be

8

附件

1C

与贸易有关的知识产权协定

needed to prevent the abuse of intellectual property rights by right holders or the resort to practices which

unreasonably restrain trade or adversely affect the international transfer of technology.

第二部分

关于知识产权的效力、范围和使用时的规范

PART II

Standards

Concerning

the

Availability,

Scope

and

Use

of

Intellectual Property Rights

第

1

节：著作权和相关权利

SECTION 1

: COPYRIGHT AND RELATED RIGHT

第

9

条

与《伯尔尼公约》的关系

Article 9

Relation to the Berne Convention

1.

各成员应遵守《伯尔尼公约（

1971

）

1

条至第

21

条及附录中的规定。不拥有或不承担本

协定规定中的涉及该公约第

6

条之二所授予权利或因此所衍生权利的权利或义务。

Members shall comply with Articles 1 through 21 of the Berne Convention (1971) and the Appendix

thereto. However, Members shall not have rights or obligations under this Agreement in respect of the

rights conferred under Article 6bis of that Convention or of the rights derived therefrom.

2.

著作 权的保护仅能延伸至其表达方式，不得扩展至其作品本身的思想、程序、创作方法或数

学 原理。

Copyright

protection

shall

extend

to

expressions

and

not

to

ideas,

procedures,

methods

of

operation

or

mathematical concepts as such.

第

10

条

计算机程序和数据汇编

Article 10

Computer Programs and Compilations of Data

1.

计算机程序，无论其是源代码还是目标代码，都应作为《伯尔 尼公约（

1971

）

》所指的文字

作品给予保护。

Computer programs, whether in source or object code, shall be protected as literary works under

the Berne Convention (1971).

2.

数 据或其他资料的编辑结果，无论机器可读形式还是其他的形式，只要其内容的选取或编排

构成了智力创作，即应予以保护。该保护不得延伸至数据或资料的本身，并不得损害存在于数据

< br>或资料本身的版权。

Compilations

of

data

or

other

material,

whether

in

machine

readable

or

other

form,

which

by

reason of the selection or arrangement of their contents constitute intellectual creations shall be

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附件

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与贸易有关的知识产权协定

protected as such. Such protection, which shall not extend to the data or material itself, shall be

without prejudice to any copyright subsisting in the data or material itself.

第

11

条

出租权

Article 11

Rental Rights

至少就计算机程序和电影作品而 言，一成员应给予作者及其合法继承人准许或禁止向公众商

业性出租其有版权作品的原件 或复制品的权利。一成员对电影作品可不承担此义务，除非此种出

租已导致对该作品的广 泛复制，从而实质性减损该成员授予作者及其合法继承人的专有复制权。

就计算机程序而 言，如该程序本身不是出租的主要标的，则此义务不适用于出租。

In respect of at least computer programs and cinematographic works, a Member shall provide authors

and their successors in title the right to authorize or to prohibit the commercial rental to the public of

originals or copies of their copyright works. A Member shall be excepted from this obligation in respect

of

cinematographic

works

unless

such

rental

has

led

to

widespread

copying

of

such

works

which

is

materially impairing the exclusive right of reproduction conferred in that Member on authors and their

successors in title. In respect of computer programs, this obligation does not apply to rentals where the

program itself is not the essential object of the rental.

第

12

条

保护期限

Article 12

T

erm of Protection

除摄影作品或实用艺术作品外，

只要某 一作品的保护期限不是基于自然人的生命进行计算的，

则该期限自作品经授权出版的日历 年年底计算即不得少于

50

年，或如果该作品在创作后

50

年内

未经授权出版，则为自作品完成的日历 年年底起计算的

50

年。

Whenever the term of protection of a work, other than a photographic work or a work of applied

art, is calculated on a basis other than the life of a natural person, such term shall be no less than

50 years from the end of the calendar year of authorized publication, or, failing such authorized

publication within 50 years from the making of the work, 50 years from the end of the calendar

year of making.

第

13

条

限制和例外

Article 13

Limitations and Exceptions

各成员对于专有权利的限制或例外规定 ，应限于某些特殊的情况，且不得与作品的正常利用

相冲突，也不得无理地损害权利人的 合法权益。

Members shall confine limitations or exceptions to exclusive rights to certain special cases which

do

not

conflict

with

a

normal

exploitation

of

the

work

and

do

not

unreasonably

prejudice

the

legitimate interests of the right holder.

第

14

条

对表演者、录音制品（录音）制作者和广播组织的保护

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与贸易有关的知识产权协定

Article 14

Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms (Sound Recordings) and

Broadcasting Organizations

1.

就将其表演固定在录音制品上 而言，表演者应有可能防止下列未经其授权的行为：固定其未

曾固定的表演和复制该录制 品。表演者还应有可能阻止下列未经其授权的行为：以无线广播方式

播出和向大众传播其 现场表演。

In respect of a fixation of their performance on a phonogram, performers shall have the possibility of

preventing the following acts when undertaken without their authorization: the fixation of their unfixed

performance and the reproduction of such fixation. Performers shall also have the possibility of preventing

the following acts when undertaken without their authorization: the broadcasting by wireless means and the

communication to the public of their live performance.

2.

录音制品制作者应享有准许或禁止直接或间接复制其录 音制品的权利。

Producers of phonograms shall enjoy the right to authorize or prohibit the direct or indirect reproduction of

their phonograms.

3.

广播组织有权禁止下列未经 其授权的行为：录制、复制录制品、以无线广播方式转播以及将

其电视广播向公众传播。 如各成员未授予广播组织此类权利，则在遵守《伯尔尼公约》

(1971)

规

定的前提下，应给予广播的客体的版权所有权人阻止上述行为的可能性。< /p>

Broadcasting organizations shall have the right to prohibit the following acts when undertaken without their

authorization:

the

fixation,

the

reproduction

of

fixations,

and

the

rebroadcasting

by

wireless

means

of

broadcasts,

as

well

as

the

communication

to

the

public

of

television

broadcasts

of

the

same.

Where

Members do not grant such rights to broadcasting organizations, they shall provide owners of copyright in

the subject matter of broadcasts with the possibility of preventing the above acts, subject to the provisions

of the Berne Convention (1971).

4.

第

11

条关于计算机程序的规定在细节上作必要 修改后应适用于录音制品制作者和按一成员

法律确定的录音制品的任何其他权利持有人。 如在

1994

年

4

月

15

日，一成员在录音制品的出租

方面己实施向权利持有人公平付酬的制度，则可维持该制度，只要录音制品的商业性出租不对权

利持有人的专有复制权造成实质性减损。

The provisions of Article 11 in respect of computer programs shall apply

mutatis mutandis

to producers of

phonograms

and

any

other

right

holders

in

phonograms

as determined

in

a

Member’s

law.

If

on

15 April

1994 a Member has in force a system of equitable remuneration of right holders in respect of the rental of

phonograms, it may maintain such system provided that the commercial rental of phonograms is not giving

rise to the material impairment of the exclusive rights of reproduction of right holders.

5.

本协定项下表演者和录音制品制作 者可获得的保护期限，

自该固定或表演完成的日历年年底

计算， 应至少持续至

50

年年末。按照第

3< /p>

款给予的保护期限，自广播播出的日历年年底计算，应

至少持续< /p>

20

年。

The

term

of

the

protection

available

under

this

Agreement

to

performers

and

producers

of

phonograms

shall last at least until the end of a period of 50 years computed from the end of the calendar year in which

the

fixation

was

made

or

the

performance

took

place.

The

term

of

protection

granted

pursuant

to

11

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与贸易有关的知识产权协定

paragraph 3 shall last for at least 20 years from the end of the calendar year in which the broadcast took

place.

6.

任何成员可就第