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四川外语学院成都学院
英语外事管理系
2008
级英语语言学期末考试本科（
A
卷）
班级
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年级
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姓名
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学号
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考试时
间：
90
分钟
I.
Choose the best answer. (50%)
1.
Language is
a system of arbitrary vocal symbols used for human
__________
A.
contact
B. communication
C. relation
D. community
2.
Which of the following words is
entirely arbitrary?
A. tree
B. typewriter
C. crash
D. bang
3.
The function of the
sentence “Water boils at 100 degrees Centigrade.”
is
__________.
A.
interrogative
B. directive
C. informative
D. performative
4.
In Chinese when
someone breaks a bowl or a plate the host or the
people present are likely
to say“
碎碎
（岁岁）
平安
”as
a means of controlling the forces which they
believes feel might affect
their lives.
Which functions does it perform?
A. Interpersonal
B. Emotive
C.
Performative
D. Recreational
5. Which of
the following property of language enables
language users to overcome the barriers
caused by time and place, due to this
feature of language, speakers of a language are
free to talk
about anything in any
situation?
A.
Transferability
B.
Duality
C. Displacement
D. Arbitrariness
6. Study
the
following
dialogue.
What
function
does
it
play
according
to
the
functions
of
language?
—
A
nice day, isn’t it?
—
Right! I really enjoy the
sunlight.
A. Emotive
B. Phatic
C.
Performative
D. Interpersonal
7.
__________
refers
to
the
actual
realization
of
the
ideal
language
user’s
knowledge
of
the
rules of his language in utterances.
A.
Performance
B. Competence
C. Langue
D. Parole
8.
When a dog is barking, you assume it
is barking for something or at someone that exists
hear and now. It couldn’t be sorrowful
for some lost lov
e or lost bone. This
indicates the design
feature of
__________.
A. cultural
transmission
B. productivity
C. displacement
D. duality
9.
__________ answers such
questions as how we as infants acquire our first
language.
A.
Psycholinguistics pological linguistics
C. Sociolinguistics
D. Applied linguistics
10.
__________ deals with language application to
other fields, particularly education.
A. Linguistic theory
B. Practical
linguistics
C. Applied linguistics
D. Comparative
linguistics
11.
Pitch variation is known as
__________ when its patterns are imposed on
sentences.
A. intonation
B. tone
C. pronunciation
D. voice
12.
Conventionally a
__________ is put in slashes (/ /).
A. allophone
B. phone
C. phoneme
D. morpheme
13.
An aspirated p, an
unaspirated p and an unreleased p are __________
of the p phoneme.
A. analogues
B. tagmemes
C. morphemes
D.
allophones
14.
The opening between the vocal cords
is sometimes referred to as
__________.
A. glottis
B. vocal cavity
C. pharynx
D. uvula
15.
The
diphthongs that are made with a movement of the
tongue towards the center are
known as
__________ diphthongs.
A. wide
B. closing
C.
narrow
D. centering
16.
A phoneme is a group
of similar sounds called __________.
A. minimal pairs
B. allomorphs
C. phones
D. allophones
17.
Which branch of
phonetics concerns the production of speech
sounds?
A. Acoustic phonetics
B. Articulatory phonetics
C.
Auditory phonetics
D. None of the above
18.
Which
one is different from the others according to
places of articulation?
A. [n]
B. [m]
C. [ b ]
D. [p]
19.
Which vowel is different from the
others according to the characteristics of vowels?
A. [i:]
B. [ u ]
C. [e]
D. [ i ]
20.
What
kind of sounds can we make when the vocal cords
are vibrating?
A. Voiceless
B. Voiced
C. Glottal stop
D.
Consonant
21.
Nouns, verbs and adjectives can be
classified as __________.
A. lexical words
B. grammatical words
C. function words
D. form words
22.
Morphemes
that
represent
tense,
number,
gender
and
case
are
called
__________
morpheme.
A.
inflectional
B. free
C. bound
D. derivational
23.
There
are __________ morphemes in the word
denationalization.
A. three
B. four
C. five
D. six
24.
In English
–
ise and
–
tion are called __________.
A.
prefixes
B.
suffixes
C.
infixes
D. stems
25.
The three subtypes of affixes are:
prefix, suffix and __________.
A. derivational affix
B. inflectional affix
C. infix
D. back-
formation
26.
__________ is a way in which new
words may be formed from already existing words by
subtracting an affix which is thought
to be part of the old word.
A. affixation
B. back-formation
C. insertion
D. addition
27.
The
word TB is formed in the way of __________.
A.
acronymy
B. clipping
C.
initialism
D. blending
28.
The words like comsat
and sitcom are formed by __________.
A. blending
B. clipping
C. back-formation
D. acronymy
29.
The
stem of disagreements is __________.
A. agreement
B. agree
C. disagree
D. disagreement
30.
All of
them are meaningful except for __________.
A. lexeme
B. phoneme
C. morpheme
D. allomorph
31.
The
sentence structure is ________.
A. only linear
B. only hierarchical
C. complex
D. both
linear and hierarchical
32.
The syntactic rules of any
language are ____ in number.
A. large
B. small
C. finite
D. infinite
33.
The
________
rules
are
the
rules
that
group
words
and
phrases
to
form
grammatical
sentences.
A. lexical
B. morphological
C. linguistic
D. combinational
34.
A
sentence
is
considered
____
when
it
does
not
conform
to
the
grammati¬cal
knowledge in the mind of native
speakers.
A. right
B. wrong
C. grammatical
D. ungrammatical
35.
A
__________ in the embedded clause refers to the
introductory word that introduces the
embedded clause.
A.
coordinator
B. particle
C. preposition
D. subordinator
36.
Phrase structure rules have ____
properties.
A. recursive
B.
grammatical
C. social
D.
functional
37.
Phrase structure rules allow us to
better understand _____________.
A. how
words and phrases form sentences.
B. what
constitutes the grammaticality of strings of words
C. how people produce and recognize possible
sentences
D. all of the above.
38.
The head of the phrase
“the city Rome” is __________.
A. the city
B. Rome
C. city
D. the
city Rome
39.
The phrase “on the shelf” belongs to
__________ c
onstruction.
A.
endocentric
B. exocentric
C. subordinate
D. coordinate
40.
The
sentence
“They
were
wanted
to
remain
quiet
and
not
to
expose
themselves.”
is
a
__________ sentence.
A. simple
B. coordinate
C. compound
D. complex
41.
The naming
theory is advanced by ________.
A. Plato
B. Bloomfield
C. Geoffrey Leech
D. Firth
42.
“We shall
know a word by the company it keeps.” This
statement represents _______.
A. the conceptualist view
B.
contexutalism
C. the naming theory
D.
behaviorism
43.
Which of the following is
NOT true?
A.
Sense is concerned with the inherent meaning of
the linguistic form.
B. Sense is the collection of all the
features of the linguistic form.
C. Sense is abstract and
decontextualized.
D. Sense is the aspect of meaning
dictionary compilers are not interested in.
44.
“Can I borrow your bike?”_______ “You
have a bike.”
A. is synonymous with
B. is
inconsistent with
C. entails
D. presupposes
45.
___________
is
a
way
in
which
the
meaning
of
a
word
can
be
dissected
into
meaning
components, called
semantic features.
A. Predication analysis
B. Componential analysis
C. Phonemic
analysis
D. Grammatical analysis
46.
“Alive” and “dead” are
______________.
A.
gradable antonyms
B.
relational antonyms
C. complementary
antonyms
D. None of the above
47.
_________
deals
with
the
relationship
between
the
linguistic
element
and
the
non-linguistic world of experience.
A. Reference
B. Concept
C. Semantics
D. Sense
48.
___________ refers
to
the
phenomenon
that
words
having
different
meanings
have
the
same
form.
A.
Polysemy
B. Synonymy
C. Homonymy
D. Hyponymy
49.
Words that
are close in meaning are called ______________.
A. homonyms
B. polysemies
C. hyponyms
D. synonyms
50.
The grammaticality of a sentence is
governed by _______.
A. grammatical rules
B. selectional
restrictions
C. semantic
rules
D. semantic features
le choice (20%)
1. What kind of sounds can we make when
the vocal cords are vibrating?
A. Voiceless
B. Voiced
C.
Glottal stop
D.
Consonant
2. Which vowel is different
from the others according to the phonetic features
of vowels?
A.
[a]
B. [u]
C. [e]
D. [i]
3. An
aspirated p, an unaspirated p and an unreleased p
are __________ of the phoneme /p/.
A. analogues
B. allomorphs
C. morphemes
D. allophones
4. The concept of the minimal pair is
proposed for identifying __________.
A. phonemes
B. allophones
C. morphemes
D. allomorphs
5. Which branch of
phonetics concerns the production of speech
sounds?
A.
Acoustic phonetics
B. Articulatory
phonetics
C. Auditory phonetics
D.
Neither of them
6. [g] is a voiced
__________.
A. alveolar stop
B. velar stop
C.
alveolar fricative
D. velar fricative
7. ___________ is a sub-field of
linguistics that studies the sentence structure of
language.
A.
Morphology
B. Syntax
C.
Semantics
D. Pragmatics
8. If three consonants could cluster
together at the beginning of a word, the first
phoneme must
be __________.
A. [s]
B.
[t]
C. [l]
D.
[p]
9.
There
are
different
types
of
affixes
or
morphemes.
The
affix
“ed”
in
the
word
“learned”
is
known as a(n) _________.
A. derivational
morpheme
B. free
morpheme