英语语言学概论试卷B

2013-2014

学年第

2

< br>学期期末考试（

B

）卷

课程名称

< /p>

《

英语语言学概论

》

任课教

师签名

程建山

出题教师签名

程建山

审题教

师签名

王婉华

考试方式

（闭）卷

适用专

业

2011

级英语专业

考试时间

（

120

）分钟

题号

得分

评卷人

I

II

III

IV

V

总分

A. language

C. parole

B. langue

D. competence

2. Vowels can be classified in terms of each of the following

ways EXCEPT _______.

A. position of the tongue

C. manner of articulation

B.

openness

of

the

mouth

D. shape of the lips

3.

In

terms

of

manner

of

articulation,

the

English

consonants

［

s

］

and

［

z

］

are classified as ______.

A. liquids

C. stops

B. affricates

D. fricatives

4

. There are _______ morphemes in the word “frightening.”

A. 2

C. 4

B. 3

D. 5

5. Semantically, the sentence “I regret stepping on your

book” ______ the sentence “I stepped on your book.”

I.

Directions:

Read

each

of

the

following

statements

carefully.

Decide

which

one

of

the

four

choices

best

completes

the

statement and blacken the corresponding letter A, B, C or D

on the ANSWER SHEET. (2%×10=20%)

1.

According

to

Saussure,

_______

refers

to

the

abstract

linguistic

system

shared

by

all

the

members

of

a

speech

community, the set of conventions and rules which language

users all have to abide by.

A. presupposes

C. contradicts

B. entails

D. is synonymous with

6.

According

to

John

Austin’s

speech

act

theory,

a(n)

______

act is the act performed by saying something.

A. prelocutionary

C. illocutionary

B. locutionary

D. perlocutionary

7.

All

the

following

words

EXCEPT

______

are

the

examples

which

can be used to illustrate semantic narrowing.

A.

aunt

B.

wife

C.

hound

D.

fowl

8. In many cultures, words relating to sex, sex organs, and

natural

bodily

functions

make

up

a

larger

part

of

______

vocabulary.

A. gender

B. euphemism

C. slang

D. taboo

9. Speaker A:

I

’

m out of petrol

.

Speaker B:

There

’

s a garage round the corner.

Speaker B is violating the maxim of _______.

A. quantity

B. quality

C. relation

D. manner

10. A typical example of a _______ community is an ethnic

ghetto where most, if not all, of its inhabitants are either

immigrants or children of immigrants.

A. diglossic

B. bilingual

C. pidginized

D. creolized

II. Directions: Fill in the blank in each of the following

statements

with

one

word,

the

first

letter

of

which

is

already

given as a clue. Note that you are to fill in ONE word only,

and

you

are

not

allowed

to

change

the

letter

given.

(1%×10=10%)

11. Cultural t refers to the fact that the details of

the linguistic system must be learned anew by each speaker,

and

they

are

not

simply

biologically

passed

on

from

generation

to generation.

12. The phonemic features that occur above the level of the

segments

are

called

s

features,

which

are

the

phonological properties of such units as the syllable, the

word, and the sentence.

13. D affixes are added to an existing form to create

a word. This is a very common way to create new words in

English.

14. A c sentence contains two or more clauses, one of

which is incorporated into the other.

15.

If

we

say

“The

baby

is

crying,”

we

must

be

talking

about

a

certain

baby

crying

in

a

certain

situation;

the

word

“baby”

means

a

baby

known

to

both

the

speaker

and

the

hearer,

which

is

the

r

of

the

word

“baby”

in

this

particular

situation.

16.

The

relationship

between

the

wo

rds

in

such

pairs

as

“buy”

and “by,” “stationary” and“stationery” can be labeled

as h_____.

17.

In

an

a

process,

successive

sounds

are

made

identical, or more similar, to one another in terms of place

or manner of articulation, or of haplology.

18.

In

sociolinguistic

studies,

a

pidginized

dialect

may

expand

and

eventually

become

the

native

language

of

a

certain

population, which is known as c .

19. A linguistic t ______ refers to a word or expression that

is prohibited by the “polite” societ

y from general use.

20. Speech v_________ refers to any distinguishable form of

speech used by a speaker or group of speakers.

III.

Directions:

Judge

whether

each

of

the

following

statements is true or false. Put a T for true or F for false

on the Answer Sheet. If you think a statement is false, you

must

explain

why

you

think

so

and

then

give

the

correct

version.

(2%×10=20%)

21.

Speech

and

writing

are

the

two

major

media

of

communication.

In

linguistic

evolution,

however,

speech

is

prior

to

writing,

therefore,

the

spoken

language

rather

than

the

written

should

be given priority in modern linguistics.

22. There are two ways now available to transcribe speech

sounds:

broad

transcription

and

narrow

transcription,

of

which the really required and used by popular textbook and

dictionary writers is the latter.

23.

Prefixes

are

added

to

the

beginning

of

stems;

they

modify

the meaning of the stem, but do not change the part of speech

of the original word.

24.

Compounds

have

different

stress

patterns

from

non-compounded word sequences. In general, the stress of a

compound

always

falls

on

the

second

word,

while

the

first

word

receives secondary stress.

25.

Sentence

is

usually

conceived

as

the

largest

unit

of

grammar.

Normally,

a

sentence

contains

at

least

a

subject

and

a finite verb or a verb phrase as its predicate.

26

.

The

pair

of

words,

“husband”

and

“wife,”

are

complementary antonyms.

27.

One

linguistic

symbol

can

have

different

references

while

bearing

the

same

sense.

There

are

also

occasions,

though

less

frequent,

when

linguistic

forms

with

the

same

reference

might

differ in sense.

28. Contextualism is based on the presumption that one can

derive

meaning

from

or

reduce

meaning

to

observable

contexts.

29. What essentially distinguishes semantics and pragmatics

is whether in the study of meaning the context of use is

considered.