表达的多样性

多样性

相同意思的多种表达

多样性

(variety)

究竟选用哪种表达方法要以文章的连贯性为前提。

英语词汇讲究生动，

富于变化。

如果在文中需要不止一次表达同一概念，

应使用各种同

义词以达到殊途同归的目的。

（这同时也是保证语篇连贯的一个手段。

）

词汇的多样性

短语搭配的多样性

句型的多样性

可以从词汇的变化、短语的变化、和句法的变化这三方面阐述。

V

ariety is the spice of writing. (

写作富于变化才会妙笔生花。

)

所谓变化，

一是避免相同的

文字在文章中的反复使用（可用同义词代替）

，二是避开庸俗老套的语言，追求富有新意 、

充满活力的表达。

俗话说，

“言之无文，行之不远。

”语言干瘪平淡， 让人看了面目可憎。语言是思维的外

壳，语言的好坏直接影响着作文水平的高低。在写作 当中，我们要多多制造语言的闪光点，

这体现在小到一个词，大到一个短语甚至句子，优 秀的作文往往是“锱铢必较”

，几乎字字

计较。很多学生用词面 太狭窄，一提到“我认为”就用

I think

，此外别无其他 表达。其实，

英

语

中

< br>这

类

表

达

俯

拾

皆

是

：

I

believe//maintain/agree/as sert/insist/claim/emphasize/point

out/reckon/assume/cling to

the idea that

等等。越来越多的人：

more and more people

，尽管这

种

表

没

有

错

误

，

但

往

往

不

能

形

成

表

达

中

的< /p>

“

闪

光

点

”。

People

in

growing/mounting/increasing/expanding numbers

要表达目的是：

in order to, so as to

太口语化了

不妨试试更好的表达：

in a bid to, in an attempt to, with a view to, aim to, aim at, for the purpose

of

等等。

“

说

”

法种种 ：

Admit,

acknowledge,

add,

affirm,

allege,

analyze,

argue,

assert,

boast,

caution,

challenge,

claim,

complain,

concede,

conclude,

confess,

contend,

continue,

contradict,

declare,

deny, disclose, dwell on, elaborate, exclaim, explain, go on, imply, insist, maintain, note, object,

observe,

pledge,

proclaim,

propound,

protest, reaffirm, reiterate,

recount,

remark, reply,

refute,

retort, reveal, state, suggest, tell, urge

think → claim / suggest / believe / advocate

/ maintain / suppose

good → beneficial / profitable / helpful / sound / decent / positive

bad → harmful / detrimental / hazardous / negative

advantage → merit / virtue / benefit / profit / pro

disadvantage → demerit / drawback / flaw / shortcoming / co

ns

比如说表示因果关系的词语和词组就有十几种现分为两类说明：

表示因果关系的英语主动词

英语中，

用于表示因果关系的方式很多。

比如 ：

介词

from, at, through, due to, because of,

owing

to;

连接副词

hence,

therefore,

thus;

从属连词：

because,

as,

now

that,

in

that,

seeing

that

…

therefore, since

…

then/in that case, on the ground(s) that, by reason that.

另外，主 动词（分

为单词动词和词组动词两类）也可以表示逻辑上的因果关系。现分述如下

1

）单词动词：

arose, cause, elicit, engender, evoke, ignite, impel, induce

1. Her strange behavior aroused our suspicions.

2. The cold weather caused many animals to die.

3. Lung cancer elicited the death of those two people.

4. His stirring performance engendered our tension.

5. His failure evoked my sympathy

.

6. His provocative remarks ignited their anger.

7. My brother

’

s success impelled me to greater efforts.

8. His illness was induced by overwork.

< /p>

2

）

词组动词：

arise out of/from, bring about, bring forth, bring on, contribute to, give birth to, give

occasion to, give rise to, lead to, result from, result in, set off, stem from

1. Her mental problems arose out of/from her husband

’

s death.

2. The fall in oil prices brought about the increase in business activity.

3. Eating too much brought forth her sickness.

4.

The fact that

he

had

died

from

AIDS

brought

on

a

panic

among

the

patients

in

his

former

patients.

5. Eating contaminated food contributed to his illness.

6. The flood gave birth to the collapse of that dam.

7. His negligence gave occasion to the accident.

8. Her disappearance gave rise to their anxiety.

9. Do you know what led to her failure?

10. His mother

’

s death resulted from a cancer on her breast.

11. The heavy rain resulted in the cancellation of that football match.

12. The inclement weather set off the spread of that disease.

13. Their discontent stemmed from low pay and poor working conditions.

“根据”说法种种

常见表达

:according to

…

according as

…

in accordance with

…

惯用短语：

in line with

…

in keeping with

…

in agreement with

…

in conformity with

…

in unison

with

…

in the spirit of

…

in view of

…

in the light of

…

in consideration of

…

with reference to

…

on the ground of

…

1. In view of the above-mentioned facts, we wish to make the following proposals.

2.

量词的搭配

量词“口”

译为下列单词之一

Drink, breath, morsel, mouthful

词语搭配上的多样化表现

Enjoy/win a reputation as

Make a reputation as a classical scholar

Have/possess a good reputation

Lose one

’

s reputation

Blacken/damage/destroy/hurt/ injure/wound/impair/ruin/smear/sully/soil/tarnish sb

’

s reputation

Acquire/gain/get/obtain/secure/receive information

Collect/gather/accumulate/assemble information

Share/exchange information

Leak/spill information

Update information

Break (off)/sever/ terminate relation with

Damage/impair/endanger/affect bilateral relations

Mend/repair relations with

Open/create/build up/form relation with

Re-establish/re- open/renew relations with

Enjoy friendly relations with

Adhere to a principle

Observe a principle

Accept/hole/maintain a principle

Establish/formulate/lay down a principle

Apply a principle to

Violate the principle of

Abandon/desert/forsake the principle of

Put into practice a principle

1.

至于，关于

With respect to/as regards/regarding/concerning/in point of/in relation to

With

respect

to

the

question

whether small

children

should

stay

with

their

grandparents,

many

people hold onto the view that the young should live apart with the old as they are more often than

spoiled with over- protection.

关于小孩子是否应该与祖父母一起生活的问题，

很多人都认为老人往往娇惯孙辈，

所以他们

不要住在 一起。

The

police

asked

us many

questions

concerning/regarding

the

traffic

accident

but we

failed

to

notice clearly what had happened because we were standing rather far away from the spot.

In point of

her ability, knowledge

and behavior, she is superior but what she is short of is a sense

of responsibility which is of great importance for any admirable persons.

说到她的能力、

学识和行为方式，

她很出众，

但是她缺乏责任感。

而这一点对于任何值得尊