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考研英语阅读题源《经济学人》文章:读大学是否还值得

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2021-02-06 00:43
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2021年2月6日发(作者:quickly)























考研英语阅读题源《经济学人》文章:读大学是否还


值得









Higher education







高等教育








Is college worth it?







读大学还值得吗


?







Too


many


degrees


are


a


waste


of


money.


The


returnon


higher


education


would


be


much


better


if


collegewere


cheaper







太多的 学位只是浪费金钱。


如果读大学更便宜,


高等教育的回报


会更高








WHEN


LaTisha


Styles


graduated


from


Kennesaw


State


University in Georgia in 2006 she had$$35,000 of student debt.


This


obligation


would


have


been


easy


to


discharge


if


her


Spanishdegree had helped her land a well-paid job. But there


is


no


shortage


of


Spanish-speakers


in


anation


that


borders


Latin America. So Ms Styles found herself working in a clothes


shop and afast-food restaurant for no more than $$11 an hour.







2006


年当



LaTisha Styles




佐治亚州的



Kennesaw


州立大学


毕业的时候,她欠下


35000


美元的学生贷款。如果她的西班牙语学





1







12


























位能够帮助她获得报酬优厚的工作的话,

债务会很容易偿清。


但在这


个与拉丁美洲接壤的国度,从来 不缺能说西语的人。所以


Styles



士为了每小时不高于


11


美元的薪水,沦落服装零售和快餐店 。








Frustrated, she took the gutsy decision to go back to the


same


college


and


study


somethingmore


pragmatic.


She


majored in finance, and now has a good job at an investment


consultingfirm. Her debt has swollen to $$65,000, but she will


have little trouble paying it off.







受挫碰壁的她勇敢地作出决定,


重新 回到大学学习更为实用的课


程。她主修财务,


现在在一个投资咨 询公司得到了一份好工作。她的


学生债务“膨胀”到


65000


元,但在未来偿清债务问题不大。








As Ms Styles's story shows, there is no simple answer


to the question



Is college worth it?



Some degrees pay for


themselves others don't. American schoolkids pondering


whether totake on huge student loans are constantly told that


college


is the


gateway


to


the


middle



truth


is


more


nuanced,


as


Barack


Obama


hinted


when


he


said


in


January


that



folks canmake a lot more




by learning a trade



than


they might with an art history degree



. An angry arthistory


professor forced him to apologise, but he was right.







正如


Styles


的故事表现的这样,对于 “读大学是否值得


?


”这个


问题并没有 简单的答案。有些学位物有所值,而有些则不是。美国的





2







12


























在校生们在权衡是否要背上巨额学生贷款负担时,


< p>
经常被告知大学


是通往中产阶级道路的门户。


而事 实更为微妙,


正如奥巴马


1


月讲话


中暗示的那样,相比获得一个艺术史学位,过学习一门技术“人们可


以赚得更多”




一位愤怒的艺术史教 授要求他道歉,


但奥巴马是对的。








College


graduates


aged


25


to


32


who


are


working


full


time earn about $$17,500 more annuallythan their peers who


have


only


a


high


school


diploma,


according


to


the


Pew


Research Centre, athink-tank. But not all degrees are equally


useful.


And


given


how


much


they


cost&mdasha


residentialfour- year


degree


can


set


you


back


as


much


as


$$60,000 a year&mdashmany students end up worseoff than if


they had started working at 18.







年龄在


2 5



32


岁之间全职工作的大学毕业生 ,相比只有高中


文凭的同龄人每年平均多赚


17500


美元,


根据智库


PEW


研究中心的


说法。


但并非所有的学位都一样的有用处。


并且根据获得学位的成本


----


一个住校的四 年学位可能每年倾尽你


6


万美元


--< /p>


很多学生相比如



18

< br>岁就开始工作,境况更糟。








PayScale,


a


research


firm,


has


gathered


data


on


the


graduates


of


more


than


900


universitiesand


colleges,


asking


them


what


they


studied


and


how


much


they


now


earn.


The


company thenfactors in the cost of a degree, after financial aid


(discounts


for


the


clever


or


impecunious


thatgreatly


reduce





3







12


























the


sticker


price


at


many


universities).


From


this,


PayScale


estimates


the


financialreturns


of


many


different


types


of


degree (see chart).







一个研究公司

PayScale


已经收集超过


900

所大学的毕业生的数


据,


询问他们学到了什么以及现在收入 的多少。


公司然后在排除财政


补贴


(< /p>


对于天资聪颖或一文不名的学生的补助很大程度上削减了很多


大学 学费的“吊牌价”


)


后,把获得学位的成本计入考量。在财政补


贴。据此,



PayScale


公司评估许多不同学位类型的财务回报。








Hard subjects pay off







困难的课程付出有回报








Unsurprisingly,


engineering


is


a


good


bet


wherever


you


study


it.


An


engineering


graduate


fromthe


University


of


California,


Berkeley


can


expect to


be nearly $$1.1m


better


off


after 20 yearsthan someone who never went to college. Even


the


least


lucrative


engineering


coursesgenerated


a


20-year


return of almost $$500,000.







不奇怪的是,

工科无论是否学习都是一个很好的赌注。


加州伯克


利大学工 科毕业生相比从未读过大学的人预期


20


年后多赚几乎


110


万美元。即使最不赚钱的工科课程也会在


20


年期产生几乎


50


万美

< p>
元的回报。








Arts


and


humanities


courses


are


much


more


varied.


All


doubtless nourish the soul, but not allfatten the wallet. An arts





4







12


























degree


from


a


rigorous


school


such


as


Columbia


or


the


University ofCalifornia, San Diego pays off handsomely. But an


arts


graduate


from


Murray


State


University


inKentucky


can


expect to make $$147,000 less over 20 years than a high school


graduate,


afterpaying


for


his


education.


Of


the


153


arts


degrees


in


the


study,


46


generated


a


return


oninvestment


worse


than


plonking


the


money


in


20-year


treasury


bills.


Of


those, 18 offeredreturns worse than zero.







艺术和人文学科的差异更为多样化。



所有课程毫无疑问可以滋


润灵魂,


但并非所有学科都会使钱包丰 厚。


学风严谨的大学例如哥伦


比亚大学或加州大学圣迭戈分校的 艺术学位收入丰厚。


但肯塔基州的


Murray


州立大学的艺术毕业生,在付完学费后可预期相比高中毕业


生在


20


年只少赚


147000


元 。


本项研究中的


153


个艺术学位,< /p>


其中



46


个产 生的投资回报低于将钱投入购买


20


年期的财政部债权的


收益。其中,有


18


个回报为负值。








Colleges


that


score


badly


will


no


doubt


grumble


that


PayScale's rankings are based onrelatively small numbers


of graduates from each institution. Some schools are unfairly


affectedby


the


local


job


market&mdashMurray


State


might


look


better


if


Kentucky's


economy


were


sities


that


set


out


to


serve


everyone


will


struggle


to


compete


with


selective



poor





5







12


























colleges


will


look


worse


than


rich


ones


that


offer


lots


of


financial


aid,


since


reducingthe


cost


of


a


degree


raises


its


return.







得分很 低的院校毫无疑问会嘟哝抱怨


PayScale


的排名体系基于


每个学校数量相对较少的毕业生。


一些学校不公平地受到本地就 业市


场的影响


---


如果肯塔基州的 经济蓬勃增长,


Murray


州立大学的就

业也许看起来会好很多。



决心想要服务每个学生的大学将 要努力和


精挑细选的机构激烈竞争。



经费不足的大学相比财大气粗的能提供


很多财政资助的学校看起来更糟糕,


因为降低获得学位的成本也提升


了其收益率。








All these caveats are true. But overall, the PayScale study


surely overstates the financial valueof a college education. It


does


not


compare


graduates'


earnings


to


what


they


would haveearned, had they skipped college. (That number is


unknowable.)


It


compares


their


earnings


tothose


of


people


who did not go to college&mdashmany of whom did not go


because they were notclever enough to get in. Thus, some of


the premium that graduates earn simply reflects the factthat


they are, on average, more intelligent than non-graduates.







所有的 这些附加说明都是真实可信的。


但总体来说


< br>PayScale



司的研究一定过度阐述了大学教育的 财务价值。


研究并没有将毕业生


的收入与其所学到的知识相比较 ,如果他们中途辍学的话。


(


这个数





6







12




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