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考研英语阅读题源《经济学人》文章：读大学是否还
值得
Higher education
高等教育
Is
college worth it?
读大学还值得吗
?
Too
many
degrees
are
a
waste
of
money.
The
returnon
higher
education
would
be
much
better
if
collegewere
cheaper
太多的
学位只是浪费金钱。
如果读大学更便宜，
高等教育的回报
会更高
WHEN
LaTisha
Styles
graduated
from
Kennesaw
State
University in Georgia
in 2006 she had$$35,000 of student debt.
This
obligation
would
have
been
easy
to
discharge
if
her
Spanishdegree had helped her land a
well-paid job. But there
is
no
shortage
of
Spanish-speakers
in
anation
that
borders
Latin America. So Ms
Styles found herself working in a clothes
shop and afast-food restaurant for no
more than $$11 an hour.
2006
年当
LaTisha Styles
从
佐治亚州的
Kennesaw
州立大学
毕业的时候，她欠下
35000
美元的学生贷款。如果她的西班牙语学
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页
位能够帮助她获得报酬优厚的工作的话，
债务会很容易偿清。
但在这
个与拉丁美洲接壤的国度，从来
不缺能说西语的人。所以
Styles
女
士为了每小时不高于
11
美元的薪水，沦落服装零售和快餐店
。
Frustrated, she
took the gutsy decision to go back to the
same
college
and
study
somethingmore
pragmatic.
She
majored in finance, and now has a good
job at an investment
consultingfirm.
Her debt has swollen to $$65,000, but she will
have little trouble paying it off.
受挫碰壁的她勇敢地作出决定，
重新
回到大学学习更为实用的课
程。她主修财务，
现在在一个投资咨
询公司得到了一份好工作。她的
学生债务“膨胀”到
65000
元，但在未来偿清债务问题不大。
As Ms Styles's story shows, there is
no simple answer
to the question
“
Is college worth
it?
”
Some degrees pay for
themselves others don't. American
schoolkids pondering
whether totake on
huge student loans are constantly told that
college
is the
gateway
to
the
middle
truth
is
more
nuanced,
as
Barack
Obama
hinted
when
he
said
in
January
that
“
folks
canmake a lot more
”
by learning a trade
“
than
they might
with an art history degree
”
.
An angry arthistory
professor forced
him to apologise, but he was right.
正如
Styles
的故事表现的这样，对于
“读大学是否值得
?
”这个
问题并没有
简单的答案。有些学位物有所值，而有些则不是。美国的
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在校生们在权衡是否要背上巨额学生贷款负担时，
经常被告知大学
是通往中产阶级道路的门户。
而事
实更为微妙，
正如奥巴马
1
月讲话
中暗示的那样，相比获得一个艺术史学位，过学习一门技术“人们可
以赚得更多”
，
。
一位愤怒的艺术史教
授要求他道歉，
但奥巴马是对的。
College
graduates
aged
25
to
32
who
are
working
full
time
earn about $$17,500 more annuallythan their peers
who
have
only
a
high
school
diploma,
according
to
the
Pew
Research Centre, athink-tank. But not
all degrees are equally
useful.
And
given
how
much
they
cost&mdasha
residentialfour-
year
degree
can
set
you
back
as
much
as
$$60,000 a year&mdashmany students end
up worseoff than if
they had started
working at 18.
年龄在
2
5
到
32
岁之间全职工作的大学毕业生
，相比只有高中
文凭的同龄人每年平均多赚
17500
美元，
根据智库
PEW
研究中心的
说法。
但并非所有的学位都一样的有用处。
并且根据获得学位的成本
----
一个住校的四
年学位可能每年倾尽你
6
万美元
--<
/p>
很多学生相比如
果
18
< br>岁就开始工作，境况更糟。
PayScale,
a
research
firm,
has
gathered
data
on
the
graduates
of
more
than
900
universitiesand
colleges,
asking
them
what
they
studied
and
how
much
they
now
earn.
The
company
thenfactors in the cost of a degree, after
financial aid
(discounts
for
the
clever
or
impecunious
thatgreatly
reduce
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the
sticker
price
at
many
universities).
From
this,
PayScale
estimates
the
financialreturns
of
many
different
types
of
degree
(see chart).
一个研究公司
PayScale
已经收集超过
900
所大学的毕业生的数
据，
询问他们学到了什么以及现在收入
的多少。
公司然后在排除财政
补贴
(<
/p>
对于天资聪颖或一文不名的学生的补助很大程度上削减了很多
大学
学费的“吊牌价”
)
后，把获得学位的成本计入考量。在财政补
贴。据此，
PayScale
公司评估许多不同学位类型的财务回报。
Hard subjects pay off
困难的课程付出有回报
Unsurprisingly,
engineering
is
a
good
bet
wherever
you
study
it.
An
engineering
graduate
fromthe
University
of
California,
Berkeley
can
expect to
be nearly $$1.1m
better
off
after
20 yearsthan someone who never went to college.
Even
the
least
lucrative
engineering
coursesgenerated
a
20-year
return of almost
$$500,000.
不奇怪的是，
工科无论是否学习都是一个很好的赌注。
加州伯克
利大学工
科毕业生相比从未读过大学的人预期
20
年后多赚几乎
110
万美元。即使最不赚钱的工科课程也会在
20
年期产生几乎
50
万美
元的回报。
Arts
and
humanities
courses
are
much
more
varied.
All
doubtless nourish the soul, but not
allfatten the wallet. An arts
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degree
from
a
rigorous
school
such
as
Columbia
or
the
University
ofCalifornia, San Diego pays off handsomely. But
an
arts
graduate
from
Murray
State
University
inKentucky
can
expect to make $$147,000
less over 20 years than a high school
graduate,
afterpaying
for
his
education.
Of
the
153
arts
degrees
in
the
study,
46
generated
a
return
oninvestment
worse
than
plonking
the
money
in
20-year
treasury
bills.
Of
those, 18 offeredreturns
worse than zero.
艺术和人文学科的差异更为多样化。
所有课程毫无疑问可以滋
润灵魂，
但并非所有学科都会使钱包丰
厚。
学风严谨的大学例如哥伦
比亚大学或加州大学圣迭戈分校的
艺术学位收入丰厚。
但肯塔基州的
Murray
州立大学的艺术毕业生，在付完学费后可预期相比高中毕业
生在
20
年只少赚
147000
元
。
本项研究中的
153
个艺术学位，<
/p>
其中
有
46
个产
生的投资回报低于将钱投入购买
20
年期的财政部债权的
收益。其中，有
18
个回报为负值。
Colleges
that
score
badly
will
no
doubt
grumble
that
PayScale's rankings are based
onrelatively small numbers
of graduates
from each institution. Some schools are unfairly
affectedby
the
local
job
market&mdashMurray
State
might
look
better
if
Kentucky's
economy
were
sities
that
set
out
to
serve
everyone
will
struggle
to
compete
with
selective
poor
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页
colleges
will
look
worse
than
rich
ones
that
offer
lots
of
financial
aid,
since
reducingthe
cost
of
a
degree
raises
its
return.
得分很
低的院校毫无疑问会嘟哝抱怨
PayScale
的排名体系基于
每个学校数量相对较少的毕业生。
一些学校不公平地受到本地就
业市
场的影响
---
如果肯塔基州的
经济蓬勃增长，
Murray
州立大学的就
业也许看起来会好很多。
决心想要服务每个学生的大学将
要努力和
精挑细选的机构激烈竞争。
经费不足的大学相比财大气粗的能提供
很多财政资助的学校看起来更糟糕，
因为降低获得学位的成本也提升
了其收益率。
All these caveats are true.
But overall, the PayScale study
surely
overstates the financial valueof a college
education. It
does
not
compare
graduates'
earnings
to
what
they
would haveearned, had
they skipped college. (That number is
unknowable.)
It
compares
their
earnings
tothose
of
people
who did
not go to college&mdashmany of whom did not go
because they were notclever enough to
get in. Thus, some of
the premium that
graduates earn simply reflects the factthat
they are, on average, more intelligent
than non-graduates.
所有的
这些附加说明都是真实可信的。
但总体来说
< br>PayScale
公
司的研究一定过度阐述了大学教育的
财务价值。
研究并没有将毕业生
的收入与其所学到的知识相比较
，如果他们中途辍学的话。
(
这个数
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