-
Unit 7 The
adventures of Tom Sawyer (1)
Date:_______
name:_______
【知识要点】
★
必记单词
adventure
n.
【
】
novel
n.
【
】
congratulations
n.[pl.]
【
】
writer
n.
【
】
humorous
adj.
【
】
task
n.
【
】
board
n.
【
】
survey
v.
【
】
progress
n.
【
】
rest
n.
【
】
pity
n.
【
】
silence
n.
【
】
while
n.
【
】
careful
adj.
【
】
deal
n.
【
】
celebrated
adj.
【
】
lazy
adj.
【
】
pretend
v.
【
】
★
常考短语
1. have a
rest
2. think of
3. come along
4. go on doing
5. what a pity
6.
in silence
7. after a while
8.
turn over
9. trick sb. into doing sth.
★
知识点讲解
1. Who is
the writer of the novel?
<
/p>
writer
可数名词，意为“作家，作者”
，由动词
write
在词尾加
-r
构成。
【
拓展】
部分动词的后面可以加
-(e)r
或
-or
构成名词，该名词表示执行该动作的人。
report(<
/p>
报道
)
→
rep
orter(
记者
)
sing(
唱歌
)
→
singer(
歌手，歌唱家
)
<
/p>
swim(
游泳
)
→
swimmer(
游泳者
)
drive(
驾驶
)
→
driver(
驾驶员，司机
)
invent(
< br>发明
)
→
inventor(<
/p>
发明家
)
visit(
参观，访问
)
→
visitor(
参观者
)
2. On
Saturday morning, every boy in the town was happy,
except Tom Sawyer.
except
在此处用作介词，意为：除
......
之外，表示同类事物之间的关系，不能放在
句首。其后可接名词、代词、副词、介词短语和动词不定式。
We have classes
every day except Sunday.
辨析：
except, besides,
but
与
except for
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except
besides
but
except for
强调从整体中除去部分，
except
后面的部分不包
除去
...,
除
...
之外
括在整体内。
<
/p>
除
...
之外还有
除了
除去
...
之外
强调除去一部分还有另
外一部分，
besides
后的部
分包括在整体内。
多与
no one, nobody, all,
who
等连用，
其余情况下
可与
except
互换。
表示对一个人或者事物先进行一个整体评价，再
就局部或细节提出看法或修正。
I know nothing about the
young lady except that she is from Beijing.
There are three more visitors besides
me.
All but him
have gone to Japan.
His article is very good except for a
few spelling mistakes.
3. He painted
one board and surveyed his progress, and then he
sat down to have a rest.
(1)
survey
及物动词，意为：查看，审视
The engineers
surveyed the coast.
工程人员查看了海岸。
She turned to
survey her daughter’s pale face.
她转过头审视女儿苍白的脸。
【拓展】
survey
作动词，还可意为：调查；作名词，意为：调查，测量
Business Development Advisers
surveyed 211 companies for the report.
(v.)
Please make a survey
about your favorite festival and fill out the
form.
(n.)
(2)
progress
不可数名词，意为：进展，常用短语如下：
make progress
取得进展
make
great progress
取得很大进步
After some period of
practice, you will make great progress.
(3)
rest
名词，意为：休息
have/take a rest
休息一下
【
拓展】
①
rest
作名词，
还意为：
剩余部分，
余下的人或物
the rest of
剩余的
...
，
作主语时谓语动词应与
of
后的名词保持一致。
The rest of the apples have
gone bad.
剩余的那些苹果坏了。
The rest of the apple has gone bad.
那个苹果的剩余部分坏了。
②
rest
也可作动词，意为：休息，歇息
The
workers stopped to have a rest.
We rested for
an hour after lunch.
4. Tom began to
think of the games that he wanted to play.
think
of
意为：想象到，想出，考虑。后面接名词、代词或动名词。
Can you think of any other way to do
it?
We’re thinking of moving
house.
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【拓展】
①
think of
还可意为：认为
What do you think of the film? = How do
you like the film?
②由
think
构成的其他短语：
think
about
考虑
think
over
仔细考虑
5. He
knew the boys who were free would soon come along
and make fun of him.
come along
意为：出现，来到
Do you want to come along?
Take any job opportunity that comes
along.
6. He picked up his brush and
went back to work.
pick
up
意为：拾起，捡起
He picked up
his cap from the floor.
There is a book on the floor. Please
pick it up.
【拓展】
pick up
还有
“
（用车）接（人或物）
；
（车辆）中途搭（人）
”
之意。
The car stopped
and picked me up.
车停了，我上了车。
I
’
ll
come to pick you up.
我会开车来接你的。
7.
What a pity!
这是一个感叹句，其结构为
:
what+a/an+
可数名词单数！
pity
名词，意为：可惜，遗憾
It is a great
pity that all students in the city cannot have the
same chances.
【拓展】
pity
< br>还可做不可数名词，意为：怜悯，同情心
take
pity on sb.
同情某人
I'm hoping some kind people
will take pity on me.
I felt pity for the poor
old man.
8. Does a boy get a chance to
paint a fence like this every day?
chance
此处用作名词：机会，
可能性，常用短语：
take
a chance
冒险，碰运气
have/get a chance to do sth.
有机会做某事
Don't take a
chance to cheat in the exam.
I finally got a chance to
stand at the front of fashion.
9.
Then he went on painting.
go on doing sth.
不停地做某事，继续做某事（前后做的是同一件事）
go on to do
sth.
接着做另一件事（做另一件事，前后做的不是同一件事）
go on with sth.
继续做某事
（前后做同一件事，但中间有暂停情况）
The
students went on talking and laughing all the way
.
Go on to do
the other exercise after you finish this one.
He took a cup
of tea, and went on with the story.
10.
Ben watched Tom in silence.
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