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原因解决论
1.
what is the
problem and the possible effect it causes
2.
what are the
causes of the problem
3.
what are the solutions of the problem
4.
the possible
results of these solutions
例文
毫无疑问我们今天的生活中比过
去的噪音要多得多，
尤其是在城
市，而这可能是对我们有最直接
影响污染形式。举个例子来说，
我们已经发现长时间接触高分贝的噪音可以导致听觉丧失
和高
血压。也可能带来压力，失眠和像压抑这样的心理问题。这些问
题又通常导致工作效率低由于员工太累压力太大无法高效工作。
There is no doubt that we have to live
with far more noise than in the
past,
particularly
in
cities,
and
this
may
be
the
form
of
pollution
which affects
us
most directly.
For example,
it
has been
found
that
prolonged exposure to
high levels of noise can
lead to
hearing loss
and high blood pressure. It may also
give rise to stress, insomnia and
mental
problems
including
depression.
These
problems,
in
turn,
often
result in lower productivity at work because
employees are too
tired and stressed to
work efficiently.
为了有效的解决这个
问题，
我们必须搞清楚什么导致了噪音的上
升。有三个主要原因
。第一，有交通噪音，原因是公路上不断增
加的汽车。
第二条主要噪音源在城市是低空飞行的飞机，
要么是
刚起飞要么是刚刚在当地机场降落。
最后，
有些噪音是邻居在大
声听音乐看电视或者使用很闹人的电动工具比如说带锯
和割草
机造成的。
In order
to find effective solutions to the problem, it is
necessary to
understand what
has brought about this increase in
noise.
There are
three
main
causes.
Firstly,
there
is
traffic
noise,
due
to
the
ever-increase number of vehicles on
roads. The second major source
of
noise in our cities is
low-
flying aircrafts which
have either just
taken off, or are just landing at local
airports. Finally, there is noise
caused
by
neighbours
listening
to
music
or
watching
television
at
full
volume,
or
using
noisy
power
tools
such
as
drill
or
lawn
mowers.
很明显，
噪音是一个严重的问题。
因此我们必
须要采取措施减少
日常生活中的噪音量。
考虑到交通噪音，
答案显而易见是对于难
写在繁忙公路附近的建筑进行隔音改造。
另外，
当地政府应该考
虑在居民区实施严格
的速限。
Clearly,
noise
is
a
serious
problem.
It
is
therefore
essential
that
measures should be taken to reduce the
amount of noise in our daily
lives.
Regarding traffic noise, the
most
obvious answer is improved
soundproofing
for
buildings
near
busy
roads.
In
addition,
local
authorities
ought
to
consider
imposing
strict
speed
limits
in
residential
areas.
减少飞机噪音的一个办法是通过建立机场远离城区。
还有，
立法
应该禁止飞机在高层建筑区上空飞行。
至于邻居，
唯一有效的办
法是我们所有人的行为
更加考虑周全，
比如说，
把音乐电视的声
音开小以及限制闹人的电动工具的使用。
One
way
in
which
aircraft
noise
could
be
lessened
is
by
building
airports further away from urban areas.
Moreover, legislation should
prohibit
aeroplanes from flying over built-up areas. As far
as noisy
neighbours are concerned, the
only effective solution is for us all to
behave more considerately by, for
example, turning down of volume
of
music and televisions and limiting our use of
noisy power tools.
结论，
解决这个问题
不是一哈子的事。
但是，
只要用我说的方法，
< br>我们所有人都活的舒服些。
生活工作环境都安静了，
人们
就会觉
得更加放松而且他们不太可能因为接触高分贝的噪音搞得身上
不舒服心理不舒服。
In conclusion,
there is no simple solution to the problem.
However,
if
the
measures
I
have
suggested
were
introduced,
we
would
all
enjoy a
better quality of life.
As a result of
living and working in a
quieter
environment, people would feel more relaxed and
they would
be less prone to the
physiological and psychological problems
that
are known to stem from
exposure to high level of noise.
问题
+
解决
1. Some species are unable to adapt to
the changing climate brought
about by
global warming.
Solution
f:
CO2
emission
from
vehicles
and
industry
should
be
reduced
and
more
use
made
of
renewable
energy
sources
such
as
wind and
solar energy.
2.
Overfishing upsets the natural balance of marine
life.
Solution d:
Governments should impose strict limits on
fishing.
3.
Logging to provide timber for industry destroys
forests.
Solution
e:
Industry
ought
to
only
use
timber
from
renewable
forests.
4.
Some endangered species are still
hunted due
to the demand for
traditional medicines, ivory, skins and
other animal products.
Solution
a:
There
ought
to
be
an
international
agency
to
stop
the
trade in products made
from endangered species.
5.
Industry
continues to pollute rivers, lakes and coastal
areas.
Solution b:
Companies that pollute must be heavily fined.
6.
Forests are
cleared to provide agricultural land.
Solution
c:
W
oodlands
should
be
harvested
for
natural
resources
rather than cleared in order to grow
cash crops.
原因解决轮
2
：
大量的动物物种受到灭绝的威胁，
主要是由于人类活动。
蛮明显，
这本身就是个蛮大的环境问题灾难，
因为它减少了地球的生物多
样性。然而，它还可能带来一些农业问题，因为很多昆虫的消
失
会影响农作物授粉的过程以及对害虫的控制。
进一步来说，<
/p>
很多
用作制药的植物也会消失。
Large
numbers
of
animals
and
species
are
threated
with
extinction
mainly
as
a
result
of
human
activity.
Obviously
this
constitutes
a
major
environmental
disaster
in
itself
since
it
reduces
the
biodiversity
of
our
planet.
However,
it
could
also
give
rise
to
agricultural
problems
since
the
disapprearance
of
many
insects
would affect pollination
(
授粉
) and pest control.
Furthermore, many
of the plants used
for making medicines would also disappear.
在提出这个问题的解决办法之前，
我
们需要搞清楚有些可能造成
大量物种灭绝的人类活动。
最重要的
原因几乎肯定是对于动植物
栖息地的破坏，特别是指森林的破坏，蛮多物种都住到那块。
这
部分是由于工业需要木头而增长的人口需要农业用地。
Before
suggesting
solutions
to
the
problem,
we
need
to
examine
some
of
the
human
activities
that
are
causing
the
extinction
of
so
many
species.
The
most
important
cause
is
almost
certainly
the
destruction of animal and plant
habitats, particularly, the destruction
of forests where so many species live.
This is partly due to the fact
that industry
needs the wood
and because growing population
need
the land for agriculture.
<
/p>
另外一个重要的原因是污染，毒害了土地，河流以及湖泊。这导
致
生活在那块滴物种灭绝。第三个原因是对于珍惜动物的猎捕，
拿到来吃，
做中药和其他的动物产品，
这些东西可以以高价卖到
收
集者。
Another
significant
cause
is
pollution,
which
poisons
land,
rivers
and
lakes. This leads to the extinction of the species
which live there.
A
third
cause
is
the
hunting
of
rare
animals
for
food,
traditional
medicines
and
various
animal
products
which
can
be
sold
at
high
prices to collectors.
我们需要采取一些紧急的措施来解决这个问题。
首先，
减少并且
停止砍伐森林，工业用木材必须是来自可再生的森林。另外，应
该鼓励当地人靠收获树林里头的自然作物为生，
而不是为了种一
些经济作物比如说咖啡而把树林烧它。
至于说污染，
组织对于自
然栖息地污染的唯一有效办法是对于那些忽视规定的公司予以
重罚。
这应该能够迫使他们不敢制造污染。
最后对于
珍惜动物的
猎捕必须被禁止，
而且应该建立国际组织预防买卖用珍稀动物制
作的产品。
A number of urgent measures need
to be taken to solve the problem.
Firstly,
to
reduce
and
stop
further
deforestation,
it
is
essential
that
timber for industry
should be taken only from renewable forests.
In
addition, local
populations should be encouraged to make a living
by
harvesting
the
natural
products
which
grow
in
forests,
instead
of
burning
them
down in order to
grow cash crops such
as coffee.
As
regards
pollution,
the
only
effective
way
to
prevent
the
contamination of
natural
habitats is to
impose heavy
fines on those
companies
that
ignore
regulations.
This
should
discourage
them
from
polluting
again.
Finally,
the
hunting
of
rare
species
must
be
banned, and an
international agency ought to be set up to prevent
the
trade in products made from rare
species.
综上所述，
只有
人们学会和自然环境和睦相处尊重自然，
这个问
题才能得到解决
。
通过保护自然栖息地比如森林，
阻止污染以及
禁止非法捕猎，环境灾难是可以被避免的。
To
sum
up,
this
is
a
problem
which
can
not
be
solved
until
we
humans learn to live in
harmony with our natural surroundings
and
to
respect
them.
By
preserving
natural
habitats
such
as
forests,
preventing
pollution
and
stopping
illegal
hunting
an
environmental
disaster can
be averted.
The
chart compares the attendenc of Canadians of
different ages at
live arts
performance. There is clearly a strong
relationship between
age and the sort
of events people attend.
The
figures show that almost
half of
Canadian teenagers
frequently
go
to
live
arts
events
and
that
they
are
almost
twice
as
likely
to
attend
such
performances
as
Canadians
who
are
60
and
over.
Not
surprisingly,
the
greatest difference in
attendence figures is for pop
concerts.
The 15
to 19 age
groups is
almost
five times as likely as
the
over
60s
to
attend
such
concerts.
Likewise,
the
proportion
of
Canadians who go to theatre, opera and
dance performances falls as
age increases.
In
contrast,
the
proportion
who
go
to
classical
and
choral
music
performances
rises
as
age
increases.
Approximately
1
in
10
Canadians
who
are
60
or
over
go
to
classical
concerts.
This
percentage is almost twice as high as
that for teenagers.
Attendence
rates
vary
the
least
for
theatre
and
opera
performance.
Only
about
a
fifth
of
all
age
groups
attend
the
theatre
frequently.
Similarly, a
very small percentage of any age group go to the
opera
regularly.
In summary, audiences at
Canadian performing arts events seem
to
be mainly young people
attending plays or pop concerts.
同意论
Should museums open to the general
public for free?
有些国家对于国家博物馆实行免费参观制，
这种传统由于成本上
升和资金有限正收到威胁。
尽管有这些压力，
很多博物馆在这些
国家还是不愿意收门票。
The
tradition
which
some
countries
have
of
free
admission
to
state-owned
museums
is
under
increasing
threat
due
to
rising
cost
and limited funding. Despite these
pressure, many museums in these
countries are reluctant to introduce
entrance fees.
让公众免费参观博物馆有些
好处。
首先，
收费意味着民族遗产只
有
那些负得起钱的人才能看，
不收费就是说不管你有冇得钱，
每<
/p>
个人都可以看。
因此，
博物馆跟公共图书
馆一样被当成是国家教
育体系的延伸，
基于人人平等的原则。<
/p>
还有个好处是免费的博物
馆可以吸引更多的参观者，
因为尽管蛮多人是专门去参观的，
一
时冲动（兴邪来
潮）去看的人也蛮多。免费的博物馆因此可以让
更多的人关注。最后，私有博物馆可能被
商业压力所影响，而免
费的博物馆冇得这种限制，这就意味着他们的展览可以更加严
肃。
There
are
several advantages
to
allowing
the
public
free
access
to
museums.
Firstly,
whereas
charging
an
entrance
fee
means
that
a
nation
’
s
heritage
is
only
available
to
those
who
can
afford
it,
free
admission makes it accessible to
everyone, regardless of income.
As
a result, museums, like public
libraries are treated as an extension of
the state education system, which is
based on the principle of equal
opportunity for all. A further
advantage is that free museums attract
far more visitors because, although
many people make a special trip
to
visit them, the number of those who visit them on
impulse is also
high. Free
museums, therefore, reach a
much wider public.
Finally,
while private museums may be influenced
by commercial pressures,
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