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第十二讲
语序
长句
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导入译例
Rural America
美国农村
Interior
China
中国内地
Official
Washington
华盛顿官方
Corporate
giant
大公司
Consumer
durables
耐用消费品
Love
triangle
三角恋
Model wonna-bes
想成为模特的女孩子们
There are many wonderful stories to
tell about the places I visited and the people I
met.
我访问了一些地方，遇到不少人，要谈起来，奇妙的事可多着呢
James Brindley of Staffordshire started
his self-made career in 1733 by working at mill
wheels, at
the age of 17, having been
born in a poor village.
斯坦福郡的
James
Brindl
ey
，出身于一个贫苦的农村家庭。
1773
< br>年，他
17
岁，就着手改良
磨坊
的车轮，从而开始了他那自我奋斗的生涯
?
英汉语序对比之一：前后有别（时间顺序不同）
He
was
given
a chair
and
asked
to wait
a
little
as
darkness came
on,
then
suddenly
the whole
bridge was
outlined in lights.
天快黑了，
有人给
了他一把椅子，
请他坐下等一会儿。
忽然电灯全亮了，
照出整座大桥的轮
廓
It would have been difficult to find a
happier child than I was as I lay in my crib at
the close of
that eventful day and
lived over the joys it had brought me, and for the
first time longed for a new
day to
come.
在这个意义重大的日子即将结束的时候，
我躺在自
己的小床上回顾一天的快乐，
第一次，
渴
望着新一天的到来。恐怕再也找不到比我更幸福的小孩子了
?
英汉语序对比之一：前后有别（逻辑顺序不同）
He was daring and resourceful besides
being a fine shot.
他不权枪法好，而且有勇有谋
Animals become indifferent to their
young as soon as their young can look after
themselves, but
human beings, owing to
the length of infancy, find this difficult.
动物，
一旦他们的后代能够自己照顾自己，
它们就不
管了；
但是人，
由于抚养子女的时间长，
是难以做到这一点的
The feeling of
shame at what might be called
“
running
after
”
him was smothered by
the dread that
he might not be there,
that she might not see him at all, and by that
dogged resolve
—
somehow,
she did not
know
—
to win him back.
她深怕他也许不在场，
深怕见不到他，
同时下定了决
心要把他夺回来，
想法子夺回来，
至于
怎样夺法，她也不知道；有这些缘故，所以纵使有人说她“追他”
，她也不觉得难为情<
/p>
To his surprise, his date
did not turn up at all.
使他惊讶的是，他的约会对象根本没有露面
< br>他的约会对象根本没有露面，这使他很惊讶（汉语先交待客观事实，再给出主观看法）
I
welcome
the
opportunities
created
for
Hong Kong by the
election
of
Mr. Tung Chee-hua as chief
executive of
the Hong Kong SAR.
董建华先生当选香港特别行政区行政长官，为香港发展创造了
机遇，对此我谨表示欢迎
The
college
student
caught
cheating
does
not
even
blush.
He
shrugs
his
shoulders
and
comments
:”
Everybo
dy does it, and besides, I
can
’
t see that it really
hurts anybody.
”
大
学生考试作弊被发现，
连脸都不红，
而只是耸耸肩，
振振有词地说
“大家都这么干，
再者，
我看这实在不会损害任何人”
（否定转移）
At any rate, she
cannot
grow many degrees
worse,
without
authorizing
us to lock her up for the
rest of her
life.
不管怎么说，
她要是变得更坏的话，
那我们以后就把她一辈子关在家里
（双重否定表达肯定）
?
英汉语序对比之一：灵活度有别
He
had returned the previous evening from a tour of
the countryside and wanted to go through the
papers that had accumulated in his
absence before visiting hours.
他去乡间旅行，<
/p>
头一天晚上刚回来。
这期间积下了许多公文，
他打算在会客时间开始之前先
处理一下（英语靠时态来区分前后关系，汉语靠语序）
I shall remember always the
mysterious, beautiful sensation of well-being I
felt, when I was small,
to hear my
grandmother to talk of the supers she used to eat
at boarding school.
幼年时，
我常听到
到祖母讲她在寄宿学校吃的是什么晚餐，
我永远不会忘记听到她的回忆时
我内心油然而生的那种莫名其妙的幸福感（先客观后主观）
In his two visits to the United States,
Jamaica
’
s Prime Minister, in
response to the World Bank
’
s
repeated
urges,
suggested
the
message
to
the
US
policy
makers
for
good
of
both
countries,
particularly in the matter of bilateral
monetary affairs.
在世界银行的多次敦促下，
为了牙买加和美国的共同利益，
特别是双边金融事务方面的共同
利益，牙买加总理在最近两次访美时向美国决策者表述了上述意见（先原因后结果）
I was on my way home from tramping
about the streets, my drawings under my arm, when
I found
myself in front of the gallery.
我夹着画稿，在街上兜了一圈，回家的路上，无意中发现自己逛到了画廊门口
In Africa I met a boy, who was
crying as if his heart would break and said, when
I spoke to him,
that he was hungry
because he had had no food for two days.
在非洲，我遇到一个小孩，他哭得伤心极了，我问他时，他说他很饿，两天没有吃饭了
There
was
little
hope
of
continuing
my
inquiries
after
dark
to
any
useful
purpose
in
a
neighborhood that was
strange to me.
这一带我不熟悉，天黑以后继续进行调查，取得结果的
可能性不大
有什么吃什么
I
’
d like to eat
whatever you have
吃什么有什么
I have whatever
you
’
d like to eat
改革步伐加快
The
reformation process has been sped up.
加快改革步伐
The
reformation process must be sped up.
?
句子翻译六步
句子为什么长？
1
）后置修饰语多；
2
）联合成分多；
3
）句法结构复杂，层次迭出
句子翻译六步：紧缩主干（找出
SV
、
SVO
等；识别谓语形态，确定时态语态语气）
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